ABSTRACT
Study of power flow is the investigation of a scheme that is subjected to imbalance demands under steady state operation in which the system operates. Power flow examination is the basis for analysing and planning energy systems. For planning, operation, future extension and power exchange between utilities, they are vital. The power flow test information is to discover voltage magnitude and phase angle and real and reactive power flow in the transmission line.
Get Help With Your Essay
If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help!
Essay Writing Service
Iterative methods are used in this inquiry because systematic approach is known to address the issues of power flow. Power flow testing takes time to execute by hand. For this project, the NEWTON RAPHSON method is used. The objective of this project is to construct a power flow program based on the Newton Raphson method that will make it easier to investigate the power flow issues. MATLAB software was used for programming.
Library Session- Research, Referencing and Report writing:-
In previous semester we had done library session and learn how to research , referencing and how to write report.
Matlab:-
MATLAB is an interactive system and programming language for general scientific and technical computation. In previous semester we are studying basic about the MATLAB coding. And also learn where to type commands, how to execute commands, how to see output, etc.
m-File: Script File
m-File or script file is a simple text where you can place MATLAB commands. All m-file names must end with the extension ‘.m’. If you create a new m-file with the same name as an existing m-file, MATLAB will choose the one which appears first in the path order.
m-File: Functions File
Functions are program routines, usually implemented in M-files, that accept input arguments and return output arguments. They operate on variables within their own workspace. This workspace is separate from the workspace you access at the MATLAB command prompt. Every M-File functions have memory, different from the the MATLAB base workspace, in which it operates.
Example:-
MATLAB PLOTS AND INPUT/OUTPUT
A = [1 2 3 4 6 4 3 4 5]
A = 1×9
1 2 3 4 6 4 3 4 5
B= A+ 2
B = 1×9
3 4 5 6 8 6 5 6 7
plot(B)
grid on
Electrical measurement Lab:
In previous semester we learn how to measure electrical quantities, learn properties of electrical meters, power supplies and learn use of oscilloscope.
Standard resistor values and colour
With the help of standard resistors and colour code we can find the values of resistor 4-band and 5-band code.
Also solve the circuit with the help of voltage divider and current divider rule and also find the current and voltage through each components.
Oscilloscope:
Oscilloscope is a device which used to display and analyse the waveform of electronic signals. In previous semester we use oscilloscope for the generate signal of voltage. On the y-axis voltage and y-axis for seconds.
Example:
Voltage signal
CV Writing / Job Search / Interviews
In this session we learn how to make effective CV(resume) and also after making you can check CV from student support Team and you can search jobs from career and employment solution and also teach how to crack interviews.
Introduction of load flow study:-
Load Flow study is the analysis of power system in normal steady state condition. Load Flow Study is determination of
Voltage
Current
Active power
Reactive power
Advantage of Load Flow Study:
The magnitude of the bus voltage stays near the rated value.
Generation works within defined boundaries of actual and reactive power.
Transmission line and transformer are not overloaded.
Bus Classification:
Load flow can be solved by two techniques:
Gauss-Seidel Method
Newton-Raphson Method
Among this method I used Newton-Raphson method because this strategy is famous because of its intermingling with a less cycles.
1). Gauss-Seidel Method-
Gauss-Seidel method is an iterative method used to solve a linear system of equations and is similar to the Jacobi Method. It can be applied to any matrix with non-zero elements on the diagonals, convergence is only guaranteed if the matrix is either diagonally dominant, or symmetric and positive definite.
2). Newton-Raphson Method-
The newton-Raphson method of solution enables us to replace the non-linear of intensity conditions with a direct set, streamlining the arrangement. We review the iterative arrangement of non-linear synchronous conditions by the Newton-Raphson strategy, and that after that apply the method to power flow.
Progress on Load Flow Study
In this semester we are studied about the Nodal analysis and power relation which is required for the load flow study.
Nodal Analysis of System
1
2
3
Y23
Y12
Y13
Y10
Y130
Y20
Using the KCL equations are
I1=y10v1+y12v1–v2+y13v1–v2
I2=y20v2+y12v2–v1+y13v2–v3
I3=y30v3+y13v3–v1+y23v3–v2
So that we have,
I1=(y10
+
y12+y13
)
v1
+ (
–y12
)
v2
+ (
–y13
)
v3
I2=(y20
+
y12+y23
)
v2
+ (
–y12
)
v1
+ (
–y23
)
v3
I3=(y30
+
y13+y23
)
v3
+ (
–y13
)
v1
+ (
–y23
)
v2
So that we can write like
Y11=y10
+
y12+y13
Y22=y20
+
y12+y23
Y33=y30
+
y13+y23
And
Y12=–y12
Y13=
–y13
Y23=–y23
From this equation convert this into matrix form
I1I2I3
=
Y11Y12Y13Y12Y22Y23Y13Y23Y33
*
v1v2v3
Simply we can write
IBUS=YBUSVBUS
POWER RELATION
With the help of power relation we will get the real power and imaginary power equation and this will we can use in the power flow study.
We have
IBUS=YBUSVBUS
We can redefine and write as
IBUS=A+jC
, A= real part and C= imaginary part
YBUS=D+jF
, D= real part and F= imaginary part
VBUS=G–jB
, G= real part and B= imaginary part
For the N number of element we can write
Ii=Ai+jCi
, i= 1,2,3,……,N
Yii=Gii–jBii
, i= 1,2,3,……,N
Vi=Di+jFi
, i= 1,2,3,……,N
LET the Bus power be
Si=Pi–jQi=Vi*Ii
And we know the equation
Si=∑k=1NVi*VikVk
Substitute the equation
Si=∑k=1N(Di–jFi)(Gik–jBik)( Di+jFi)
For the real part we can write the real power
Pi=∑k=1NDiGikDk+DiBikFk–FiBikDk+FiGikFk
and
Qi=∑k=1NDiBikDk–DiGikFk+FiGikDk+FiBikFk
Write the equation for
Ii
and
Vi
So
Ii=
Pi–jQiVi*
=
YiiVi+ ∑k=1NYikVk K≠i
Vi= 1YiiPi–jQiVi*–∑k=1NYikVk
K≠i
TIME PLAN AND BUDGET
Conclusion:
The objective of this project to learn about load flow by using Gauss-Seidel or Newton-Raphson Method and learn MATLAB programming and simulation for load flow analysis using MATLAB.
In Previous Semester we studied about basic coding of MATLAB, Electrical measurement and how to make cv and technique to crack interviews.
REFERENCES
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download