Discuss About The Principles Practice Of Psychiatric Nursing.
Nursing profession is a very sensitive line of duty that should observe the highest discipline and adherence to the ethics and code of conducts in practice than any other profession (Lachman 2009). This is because, nurses deals with life and they may cause harm that may result to great lose or even death. Reporting a case of misconduct is the greatest dilemma in nursing profession as an individual has to choose between their loyalty to their colleagues, employers or their supervisors against the public interest. Reporting cases of misconduct is very important to stop what may cause harm to a patient(s) and prevent such misconduct in the future (Jackson et al., 2010). A professional organizational member must report immoral, illegal or illegitimate practices through their employers to the authorities that may effects action against the person responsible for the mess. This essay will be focusing on an immediate action, subsequent action to be taken against forgery in nursing profession and the possible legal implications for such conducts in the future (Jackson et al., 2010).
Australian Registered Nurse Standards for Practice, takes forgery or any misconduct seriously and can lead to suspension of the nurse, deregistration, fine or at times disqualification and imprisonment for not less than 6 months. For instance, there has been many instances where ethics and code of conduct have been breached and attracted severe consequences as follows; According to the media release by Nursing Mid-Wifery Board of Australia 18th march 2016, titled “fake nurse jailed for four years” “Jeniffer Anne Reed pled guilty to seven count of deception for falsely claiming to be a registered nurse. This included gaining employment in six different aged care facilities across South Australia and New South Wales”. She had received wages amounting to more than $40,000 dishonestly. She was guilty of producing false documents when she was confronted in her work. Claiming to be a registered nurse or healthcare practitioner when not registered or claiming another person is a registered health care professional when they are not is treated as an offence under the Australian health practitioner regulation national law (Schneider & Whitehead 2013).
The mandate of healthcare professionals is the commitment to promote and protect patients’ health and welfare. It is the responsibility and right of healthcare professional to do something in all their power to stop colleagues’ or management harmful conducts in protecting the patient. In students code of conduct for nursing profession no student is allowed to present the work or ideas of the other students including signing for the class attendance register (Erdil & Korkmaz 2009). The immediate action in this scenario is to notify the student that it is their responsibility to sign their own attendance and meet unit and course requirement to their best abilities. It is also important to let the student know that their request would jeopardize her safety and that of yours in the profession. Students who act against profession code of conducts would harm the Nursing profession image reputation. Saunders 1993, states that if the students cheats during their academic career and are not caught for disciplinary action they are almost sure of carrying the behavior in the working lives (Erdil & Korkmaz 2009). Even if nurses are supposed to care for each other they should not engage in any practice that would results to dishonesty in themselves, their colleagues or the community at large. Nurses should respect themselves in what they are practicing to foster their sense of personal well-being and act to increase their own self-worth. By failing to adhere to students code of conducts one risk facing disciplinary action in accordance with the policies set to deal with academic and non-academic misconduct (Deshpande & Joseph 2009).
According to federal register of legislation under part 2, article 6, section (a)(i) if the students act, dishonestly or assist another person to act, dishonestly or unfairly in or in connection with an examination it is a breach of law (Russell, 2012).
Nurses’ codes of ethics forces them to be the patients advocate and take action when patients’ rights and safety are in danger. The subsequent action to take in this scenario where a colleague continues to insist on this unjust act, there is a need to report the matter to the supervisor (internal disclosure) or any other person in authority in the organization to help stop this from happening or done by a third party (Lachman 2009). In case this is unable to help or fails to stop the happening the next action is to report to the external party such as media or the police for immediate action.
Internal disclosure has been suggested by scholars as the most appropriate way for both strategic and ethical consideration for this would enable students/ employees remain loyal to their organization as they try to stop the wrong from happening. Internal disclosure of misconduct is important as it may help to stop the wrong and prevent painting the name of an organization when it is disclosed externally (Goldman & Tabak 2010). This also gives an opportunity for the whistleblower to report the matter externally if the internal authorities failed to take action. A student doing this will be able to broaden their foundation of ethical education, be able to increase the protection of the patients’ interests and help to be competence nurse in future. At the same the time, reporting the wrong will help in strengthening ethics and values of individual professional. However before taking any action involving your colleague it is important to warn them so as not to put them in danger without letting them know.
Professional nurses are guided by variety legal and ethical practices in their profession on the daily basis. Nurses therefore should be aware of current state of national legislation, act in accordance to them, knowing of the implications of nursing practices as well as legal processes (Gunn & Taylor 2014). By doing so nurses are able to act professionally and within the required framework and maintain their competence, work in accordance to code of conduct and ethical guidelines of the nursing practice. Breach of the nursing law has great consequences and can result to disciplinary action and even deregistration (Buppert 2014).
Healthcare professionals have values and characteristics distinctive from other professionals to ensuring the well-being of community and ensure health care facilities are in good condition. For instance, healthcare professionals are able to put patients’ interests first and always wanting to help meet the patients’ needs. Healthcare professionals are good communicators who are able to pay close attention to their patients through listening to their needs, empathize with them and provide information on diagnosis and treatment in ways friendly and understandable to the patients (Anderson & McFarlane 2010). They are self-motivated by their professionalism and provide service to the patients even in instances where the patients may be difficult to deal with without being biased. They also have high sense of cultural and ethical consideration when practicing health care. Health care professionals have spirit for teamwork and committed to ensuring that they give back to society.
Values associated with personal and professional life of healthcare practitioner influences their clinical decision. There so many values that have been identified but a few are important in this case. Health care professional values safety of the patients as this is what keeps them in their profession through avoiding misconduct as much as possible (Iacobucci et al., 2013). They also value their capabilities and this makes them make the right decision where they are faced by medical dilemmas. Professionalism is also their valuable asset that helps them in conducting themselves in the right and accepted manner. Other values may include equity, spirituality, stimulation, altruism, pleasure of work, critical thinking among others.
In their profession nurses are guided by principles of practice expected by their staff, patients and community at large. These principles include treating everyone in their care with dignity and humanity by understanding their needs, showing empathy compassion and sensitivity of whatever is affecting them and provides care equally and in respectable manner. Nurses are to take responsibility for the care they provide and be responsible for their judgment and actions. This should comply with their profession and the requirement of the carers of the patients, families and meet the requirement of the professional bodies and the national regulations. Nurses and their staff should also manage safety risks, be vigilant of the risks and assist keeping every person safe from the risks. They are required to provide and promote care that values people, involves patients, service users, carers and patients families in decision making (Stuart 2014). The principle of communication is important in nurses and nursing staff in order to provide with records of treatment and care, handle information with confidentiality, deal with complaints effectively and consciously. Ensure the use up-to-date knowledge and skills intelligently, in insightful and understanding in the line of the patients. They also need to work closely with each other in their profession to ensure patients’ treatments are coordinated in high professional standards. Lastly they are supposed to lead by example and develop themselves and their colleagues, and influence the way care is given to individuals (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011).
National competency of standards for registered nurses was begun by Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council (ANMC) back in 1990S with an objective of developing a national approach to nursing and midwifery regulation and become the Australian nursing and midwifery accredited council (ANMAC) in 2010. The standards are used to measure the performance of a nurse to retain their registration as registered nurses of Australia. It helps nurses also to assess their competency in their field of work (Schneider & Whitehead 2013).
The nurses’ competency is measured in terms of professional practice which involves professional, legal and ethical duties that show satisfying nurses’ knowledge base, functioning in accordance with rules affecting nursing and health care, accountability for practice and protection of individual and group rights. Nurses’ critical thinking and analysis involving self-appraisal, value of evidence and research for practice and professional development (Blais 2015).
The other competency measure includes provision of nursing care, coordination of care and organization. This overlooks the extent at which a nurse is able to coordinate, provide care in an organized manner to individuals/groups, how the plan and implement and evaluate care (Sherwood & Barnsteiner 2017).
The other competency measure in nursing profession is relationship and therapeutic practice. The way a nurse is able to create and maintain relationship with individuals and groups. Also important is what they contribute to their disciplinary health care team (Sherwood & Barnsteiner 2017).
Conclusion
Nursing profession is a serious profession that is guided by strong codes of conducts, law and ethics that requires a lot of attention when in the profession. Nurses’ service is patients advocate and should do everything in their power to protect patients’ rights and humanity where a need may arise. Adhering also to the rules and having up to data national regulation is a need which can’t be ignored by nursing community who want to provide the best service in accordance with the existing laws. However dilemma has always been a common phenomenon in medical and health care profession where there is a need to balance between public interest and loyalty to colleagues, supervisors or the managements who might be involved in breach of the conducts of nursing profession. This calls for nurses who are not fearful of being victimized, isolated, or to not east to manipulate.
References
Anderson, E. T., & McFarlane, J. M. (2010). Community as partner: Theory and practice in nursing. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Blais, K. (2015). Professional nursing practice: Concepts and perspectives. Pearson.
Buppert, C. (2014). Nurse practitioner’s business practice and legal guide. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Deshpande, S. P., & Joseph, J. (2009). Impact of emotional intelligence, ethical climate, and behavior of peers on ethical behavior of nurses. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(3), 403.
Erdil, F., & Korkmaz, F. (2009). Ethical problems observed by student nurses. Nursing ethics, 16(5), 589-598.
Goldman, A., & Tabak, N. (2010). Perception of ethical climate and its relationship to nurses’ demographic characteristics and job satisfaction. Nursing Ethics, 17(2), 233-246.
Gunn, J., & Taylor, P. (2014). Forensic psychiatry: clinical, legal and ethical issues. CRC Press.
Jackson, D., Peters, K., Andrew, S., Edenborough, M., Halcomb, E., Luck, L., … & Wilkes, L. (2010). Understanding whistleblowing: qualitative insights from nurse whistleblowers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(10), 2194-2201.
Lachman, V. D. (2009). Practical use of the nursing code of ethics: Part I. MedSurg Nursing, 18(1), 55.
Iacobucci, T. A., Daly, B. J., Lindell, D., & Griffin, M. Q. (2013). Professional values, self-esteem, and ethical confidence of baccalaureate nursing students. Nursing ethics, 20(4), 479-490.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011. Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek, and Ellen Fineout-Overholt, eds. Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice.
Russell, K. A. (2012). Nurse practice acts guide and govern nursing practice. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 3(3), 36-42.
Saunders, E.J. Confronting academic dishonesty. Journal of Social Work Education. 1993; 29: 224–230
Schneider, Z., & Whitehead, D. (2013). Nursing and midwifery research: methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Australia.
Sherwood, G., & Barnsteiner, J. (Eds.). (2017). Quality and safety in nursing: A competency approach to improving outcomes. John Wiley & Sons.
Stuart, G. W. (2014). Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
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