Project management refers to as the procedure to lead the subsequent work of a distinctive team for accomplishing every project objective in the provided constraints (Kerzner 2022). A construction project becomes successful when the project managers would be having clear and concise project objectives and also establishing proper communication in the procedures. This report provides a brief analysis on the construction of the Wembley Stadium.
i) Description; Wembley Stadium is a popular football stadium in Wembley, London. The stadium was operational from 2007 and it eventually hosts several popular football matches. This particular stadium is being owned by the respective governing body of the English football, known as the FA or Football Association. It provides 90000 seats and is considered as the largest stadium in the United Kingdom as well as the 2nd largest stadium within Europe (Wembley Stadium. 2022). The project designer was Populous and Foster and Partners and the stadium is eventually crowned by the specific Wembley Arch that serves aesthetically as the distinct landmark within London. The stadium was built by the popular and significant Australian firm, known as Multiplex.
Figure 1: Wembley Stadium
(Source: Wembley Stadium. 2022)
ii) Scope: The initial scope of the project of Wembley Stadium was to involve football, athletics and rugby in one particular stadium. However, after a few years, the involvement of athletics was removed from the design for the commercial as well as technical challenges to accommodate these three sports in the same stadium (Lock 2017). The project management team has ensured that they are able to consider an equitable view of the pitch and also provide comfortable temperatures.
iii) Benefits: Apart from the distinct scope, the respective project of Wembley Stadium comprised of a few benefits. This particular stadium is a driver of economic development and comprises of a specific bearing on tourism as well as the overall international reputation of the country of the United Kingdom. It has become the home to the national team of England and has also hosted the domestic cup competition of the football and league play offs. Another distinct benefit of the project of Wembley Stadium is that it has been the largest sports venue in the country and there had been an 85% uplift in the investment into the community football (Wembley Stadium. 2022). These facilities have been distinctive as compared to the investment for the organizational management.
Project stakeholders are different individuals, who have an interest in a specific project work. Stakeholder management in the project of Wembley Stadium has been distinctive for understanding the core procedure to maintain good relations with the individuals, who are having maximum impact on the work (San Cristóbal et al. 2018). A proper communication with one another is required in the most effective manner for ensuring that the negative impacts are avoided and better results are gained. There are two categories of stakeholders in a project, which are external and internal stakeholders and they are responsible for having a complete interest on the project to execute the work successfully.
The overall management of the stakeholders is needed to be done due to the conflicting objectives. The project manager of the Wembley Stadium has been resolving differences in an appropriate manner, so that the respective needs are identified and the results become effective (Meredith, Shafer and Mantel Jr 2017). It is the core responsibility of the project manager to make sure that every stakeholder is well aware of the processes and every vital detail is being communicated. Hence, the organizational management would be able to gain maximum success in the project work. There are some of the most distinct and noteworthy strategies for project stakeholder management, so that their expectations are managed. For the involvement of these stakeholders; it becomes easier for the project management team to get new ideas and complete the project successfully (Richardson and Jackson 2018).
The first stakeholder of the project of Wembley Stadium is the Football Association. This particular association is solely responsible for every regulatory aspect of the game of football within England and is also responsible to promote the overall development of the game at each level. The FA runs the England teams, the FA Community Shield, FA Cup, Women’s Football and many more (Stakeholders of Wembley Stadium. 2022). Each year the stadium hosts different international games and they have been focusing on new methodologies and aspects on a top level priority for gaining popularity.
The second distinct stakeholder of the project is the Department of Culture, Media and Sport. It is the distinctive sponsoring department for Sports England and the department has been providing 20 million pounds of funding for this stadium project. Such distinct contribution for the non-stadium infrastructure would be bringing improvements towards the Wembley area. The next stakeholder of the Wembley Stadium project is Sport England, which is a government agency. It leads the overall development of sports within England by eventually impacting and serving the sectors of voluntary, public and private. They have been responsible for the overall management of the sports’ section of the National Lottery within England. They have provided 120 million pounds for the project work. The final stakeholder is the London Development Agency and it is the economic development body of the country that promotes proper economic renewal and development and they have contributed 21 million pounds to the project.
|
Stakeholders |
Roles |
Influence |
|
The Football Association |
Regulatory aspects of the events |
High |
|
Department of Culture, Media and Sport |
Sponsoring department for Sport England |
High |
|
Sport England |
Influencing and serving different sectors |
Medium |
|
London Development Agency |
Promotes economic renewal and development |
Medium |
Table 1: Roles and Influences of the Stakeholders of Wembley Stadium Project
(Source: Created by the Author is MS Word)
A proper involvement of information is needed to be considered in the project for ensuring that the work would be completed within the primary constraints of scope, budget and time (Harrison and Lock 2017). Moreover, team responsibilities are needed to be defined to ensure that any kind of negative aspect is avoided and the project management team is able to identify the issues for gaining success. The original Wembley Stadium was demolished and a completely new one was constructed. The development of the new stadium comprised of issues like poor project management, which was responsible for impacting the project work distinctively (Kerzner 2017).
There were a few vital factors that impacted on the success factors of the project. In 2000, the Australian construction company, Multiplex had signed a contract for demolishing the older stadium and building a new one and the contract had a proposed budget of 326.5 million pounds. However, the project was delayed majorly and the project management team mentioned that the project was doomed without even a government bailout (Brewer and Dittman 2018). The funding was done in 2002 and in 2003, the construction of the new stadium was initiated. There were several issues that delayed the construction and also incremented the expenses to a high level. However, the project management team was able to eradicate these issues and focus on the success factors that made the project a successful one and these are provided in the following paragraphs:
i) The first success factor of the project of Wembley Stadium was proper planning. Project planning is a specific discipline that is responsible for addressing the process of completing a project work in a certain timeframe with definite phases as well as designated resources (Chawla et al. 2018). The involvement of effective project planning has been responsible for ensuring that the project of Wembley Stadium was constructed, even if they have faced a few issues in executing the processes. The project management team was able to set measurable objectives and identify deliverables as well as complete scheduling of the work.
ii) The second factor of the project of Wembley Stadium was the presence of experienced project managers as well as professional project team leaders (Kerzner 2018). The project management team was able to focus on the changes and major aspects easily as the team comprised of experienced team members and project manager, who have executed similar projects several times. For the purpose of avoiding the issues and misunderstandings, the entire project management team was able to keep clear roles and responsibilities in mind and the project manager was able to overcome the project challenges easily. Hence, leadership in the project work played a vital role for the work processes and tasks.
iii) A suitable approach was also followed in the project of Wembley Stadium that made it successful. The entire project management was able to ensure that the procedure of executing the work was clear, reliable as well as efficient and it has been following every vital trend and technique of the respective selected framework (Armenia et al. 2019). As a result, the stakeholders of the project should understand as well as agree on the investment of time for defining a clear and concise project objective easily.
iv) The next success factor of the project work was monitoring and control. Since the project was initiated with a delay, the entire project management team had ensured that they are monitoring and controlling the processes regularly and the progress is being checked for the successful evaluation of the results (Papke-Shields and Boyer-Wright 2017). They have even implemented new strategies and plans for completing the work and ensure that no further delay occurs. Moreover, the project management team of Wembley Stadium has also ensured that they are adhering to the best practices in the work.
The project of Wembley Stadium has faced a few distinctive challenges that were needed to be eradicated for gaining maximum efficiency and success. However, these challenges were successfully addressed by the team to complete the work (Radujkovi? and Sjekavica 2017). These challenges and their mitigation strategies are provided in the following paragraphs:
i) The first and the foremost challenge that was faced in the project of Wembley Stadium was that the subcontractor had underestimated the scope of the project. The Australian construction company, Multiplex had hired Cleveland Bridge for handling the construction of the distinct arch, which extended over the stadium. However, the subcontractor was unable to estimate the budget and scope of the project properly, which was responsible for creating issues in the completion of the work (Wembley Stadium Project Challenges. 2020). Due to the underestimation of the scope of the project; the project manager was unable to calculate the budget properly. For eradicating this particular challenge, Multiplex hired a Dutch firm, known as Hollandia and this particular firm had taken over construction and completed the work successfully.
ii) The second distinct and noteworthy challenge that was faced in the project of Wembley Stadium was that there were several health and safety breaches. These issues have led to a fatal accident and the organization faced delays and issues associated to the construction of the arch, as soon as a devastating accident took place. A carpenter was killed in the accident in 2004. The subcontractor for reinforced concrete framework was mainly responsible for the issue and they were fined 150000 pounds for major violations of health and safety laws and regulations. For reducing this specific challenge, the project management team had to implement and include new laws and regulations that would be beneficial for the work and better results would be gained (Kerzner 2019).
iii) The next vital and significant challenge that was faced in the project of Wembley Stadium was that the Australian company have tried to cut corners for speeding up the project. It was a vital reason that impacted on the overall quality of the work. The subcontractors have laid the pipes improperly and there were a few issues related to payment structure as well. The project management team even checked for the potential risk of the project becoming unsuccessful and not worthy. Another accident took place when the roof of the project had fallen down by almost 46 centimetres (Wembley Stadium Project Challenges. 2020). This particular challenge was eventually addressed by the project management team of Wembley Stadium by implementing quality management standards and strategies in the work. Quality management is termed as a vital attribute that is required in a construction project and they have followed every law and standard in an appropriate manner.
Innovation is termed as one of the most vital attributes in a project work. It has become a core competency that is termed as extremely essential to the success in a rapidly shifting strategic environment. Innovation can also increase the overall changes for reacting to the changes and discovering new opportunities in a significant manner (Nicholas and Steyn 2020). It could be extremely effective in fostering competitive benefits as it enables the user in building better products and services for the customers. Since Wembley Stadium is a construction project work, they have ensured that they are focusing on new and innovative ideas for gaining efficiency and also making the construction an effective one.
i) The project management team of the specific project has ensured that they are considering new methodologies and ideas in the successful execution of the process and also focusing on the interaction with interested stakeholders, who are eventually attracted to the specific project when it gets unfolded (Müller, Drouin and Sankaran 2019). Since the old stadium was demolished for constructing the new stadium; it was extremely significant for them to ensure that the project is highly innovative and is subsequently accepted by the client.
ii) They have ensured that they are providing the state of art facilities that are required for the next generation of football players, spectators and performers as well as retaining and creating Wembley an extremely special place for the entire United Kingdom.
iii) The next distinct aspect of innovation that was observed in the project was its iconic design of the arch. This particular arch of the Wembley Stadium can support 7000 tonnes of steel roof structure and hence the project did not require any pillar for the construction (Wembley Stadium Innovation. 2022).
Figure 2: Arch of the Wembley Stadium
(Source: Wembley Stadium Innovation. 2022)
iv) The seating is being designed as a single bowl that provides every viewer or spectator an unobstructed view of the pitch or stage and even the major intensity of the atmosphere. As a result, the ideology behind such innovation has been providing maximum possible views to the spectator and even ensuring that they are able to enjoy the match without any obstruction in a comfortable manner.
v) The project management team of the Wembley Stadium has also used retractable panels in the roof for allowing air and light onto the pitch and even maintaining the overall distinct quality of the hallowed turf (Larsson and Larsson 2020). The involvement of these retractable panels have been effective enough for providing maximum protection without creating any barrier and also providing security from rain. It has been distinctive enough for the maintenance of the integrity of the design of the stadium subsequently.
vi) Moreover, the seating arrangement is for 90000 individuals and the project management team has considered the design of the stadium by the installation of a temporary deck above pitch level and athletics whenever needed. It was analysed that the geometry of the design has brought the heritage of Wembley into the 21st century with a new and open 4 tier seating bowl. Hence, the design helped in achieving excellent sightlines within the pitch.
vii) The next example of the presence of innovation in the project was that every seat offers additional width and legroom than in the old Royal Box (Wembley Stadium Innovation. 2022).
viii) The presence of the retractable roof on the southern side has enabled additional air and light. In the middle of the events, the roof of the stadium is left open; however, ti could be moved for covering each seat. The engineering of the bowl and roof was done for replicating the most popular Wembley Road.
Hence, the innovativeness of the project has created a completely new landmark on the London skyline. As the venue for the biggest international and national games, the stadium comprises of a range of hospitality spaces, which enables 10000 people for dining before the match (Wembley Stadium Innovation. 2022). All of the facilities are being designed in such a manner that these could even be utilized for other purposes like conferences and any other event.
The impact of implementing these innovations on the project delivery of Wembley Stadium has been extremely beneficial (Hair and Sarstedt 2021). Due to the innovations implemented in the project, the stadium had hosted the UEFA Champions League Finals in 2011 and 2013 as well as the semi finals and finals of the UEFA European Football Championship 2020 tournament. For the entertainment purpose, there was a record breaking tour and more than 650000 tickets were sold over 8 sell out nights. Since they have their unique 133 meter arch in the stadium, the management has been able to reinforce their distinct position as the best known and even the most popular football stadium in the entire world.
Moreover, for the involvement of innovation has also been responsible for reducing the negative impacts in the project and even identifying the potential safety hazards and risks. As the project has already faced an accident, in which a carpenter was killed; it was needed from their end to ensure that similar accidents are not repeated and the project is being executed in a safe and secured manner (Bibarsov, Khokholova and Okladnikova 2017). The organizational management has focused on the core capability of analysis of the risks in their context for allowing the respective construction businesses to reduce the risks quickly and even generating proper customizable reports on setting different benchmarks (Picciotto 2020).
The project management team of Wembley Stadium has also been successful in focusing on the changes that are required to be focused and even ensuring that the respective project is being executed with the involvement of different innovative technologies and processes and ensuring that the project result would be sustainable enough for enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency in such a manner that the environment of London is not negatively impacted, under any circumstance (Zwikael and Smyrk 2019). Hence, project delivery is being done successfully for ensuring that maximum competitive advantages are gained.
Conclusion
Hence, it can concluded that the project management team of Wembley Stadium has considered different aspects and innovational attributes in their project and hence the existing risks and complexities are avoided successfully. The project delivery method has been distinctive and they have gained success in the process. The initial scope of this Wembley Stadium was to include three sports; however, due to issues in communication, one of them were removed. This particular project has been referred to as an improperly run project to get a good output, which refers to as the fact that although there were a few issues that caused delay in the work; the final result was accurate and the stadium is one of the most distinct construction works in the UK. A few innovational aspects were introduced in Wembley Stadium.
References
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