Discuss about the Community Perception toward Mental Illness.
Provision of holistic health is mainly based on informed decision and Responsible Choices – Civic responsibility, providers’ role, basic minimum needs and quality of life, health and Non-health Sector, Health as Human right, and human governance. Participatory health is being provided to Mr. Bryan in which he is being empowered to make informed and responsible decision and choice. He has been given choice to select care to given to him based on benefits and risks. Care has been given to him through incorporation of counselling, guidance and advice. Health provider and Mr. Bryan relationship has been established through social contact. Different aspects ecological, psychosocial, cultural, economic and personal considerations have been considered in providing care to Mr. Bryan (Courtney et al., 2016). Healthcare provider demonstrated social responsibility to provide holistic care to Mr. Bryan. This social responsibility proved helpful in changing perception of Mr. Bryan and respecting human rights of others. Health care provider made efforts for wellbeing of Mr. Bryan and which can be helpful to bring change in the society. Holistic health can be provided by considering both medical and non-medical aspects of the care (Hamdan et al., 2017). In case of Bryan also, there is improvement in his social contacts and improvement in the eating habits, exercising, sleeping pattern and faith in the God. By virtue of all these factors, there is improvement in the quality of life Of Mr. Bryan which is beneficial for his health. Human Governance is important for the health and quality of life. ‘Health for all’ is a fundamental requirement and this factor has been considered while providing care for Mr. Bryan (Zamanzadeh et al., 2015).
Mental health can lead to challenging behaviour in the person which can lead to learning disability. These challenging behaviour people should be assessed for high temper, non-cooperation, unreasonable demands, injures self and others, exhibit aggression and shout at others. Hence, these challenging behaviour persons like Mr. Bryan are more prone to social isolation. These people are with low confidence and low self-esteem (Wei et al., 2015). Efforts are being made to address these challenging behaviours in Mr. Bryan. Due to challenging behavoir, Mr. Bryan was experiencing learning disability to understand importance of medical and social intervention. Hence, efforts are being made to address disability in Mr. Bryan. It proved beneficial in improving his social involvement and social acceptability. Challenging behaviour can occur due to the medical conditions. Medical conditions are being addressed in Mr. Bryan which helped to reduce stress in him to lessen challenging behaviour (Furber et al., 2015).
Medicines can help to get rid of the symptoms of the diseases, however, health reclaim and vitality can be achieved through providing holistic care. Entire picture of the patient should be considered and should be provided with holistic healing. Illness can be effectively managed by considering mind, emotions, spirit, and entire body of the patient. While providing care to Mr. Bryan also all these aspects were considered. Hence, it is evident that along with improvement in the blood sugar level and medication, there is improvement in the social involvement of Mr. Bryan. Aspects related to culture and community of Mr. Bryan were considered in managing his illness. Integrated principals and procedures of conventional and alternative therapies were being considered for providing holistic cure to Bryan’s illness (Manwell et al., 2015). Diversified healing philosophies, approaches, and therapies were provided for Bryan. For providing such holistic care, expertise from diversified fields should be incorporated in managing illness. In the care centre, when Bryan is being receiving cure, expertise from different fields like conventional medicine, alternative therapy, psychological medicine and social therapy are available. These expertise provided care to Bryan. Illness in a complex condition and consideration of thoughts, feelings and beliefs of the patients are required for its management. In case of Bryan also, his thought process about medicine consumption changed, his feelings about GP and society members changed and his beliefs improved in medicine and society (Yuan et al., 2017).
It is evident that more than 50 % illness cause due to change in the behaviour of the patient. Day-to-day management of these behavioural changes can be beneficial in managing illness in the patients. Efforts were being taken to manage these behavioural changes in Bryan. Provision of care to bring behavioural change in the patient can be helpful in improving health status and well-being of the patient (Grundberg et al., 2012). Due to behavioural changes, there is overall improvement in the Bryan. In case of provision of solely medical treatment to Bryan would have improved his blood sugar level; however, there would not have been improvement in the social and psychological status of Bryan. Behavioural change also encouraged Bryan to control blood sugar level by controlling diet and doing exercise regularly. However, Bryan should maintain this change in behaviour for longer duration to maintain sustained control over the blood sugar level. Bryan has been taught to manage his condition on his own, however in most of the cases it is not possible for the patients to take care of themselves. Changing one’s health behaviour is a complex process, however in case of Bryan, change in the health behaviour was achieved by the care providers. From the controlled research studies, it is evident that change in the health behaviour is not evident clinically (Trevillion et al., 2014). However, Bryan exhibited change in the health behaviour for improvement of the health and wellbeing.
Perception of the mental illness is being evaluated in different categories like symptoms of mental illness, description of mental illness, probable causes and possible treatment options and help-seeking behaviour. Altered behaviour, negative mood, anxiety and depression are being considered as the causes of the metal illness. However, recently stress is being considered as the most prominent factor responsible for mental illness. Numerous studies indicated that physical, social and mental stressors are accountable for the increase in the mental illness cases. However, over the time several coping mechanisms were being developed for coping the stress. Initially, it was being considered that physical and social factors are responsible for the stress; however studies put forwarded psychological mechanisms for the existence of stress (Benti et al., 2016).
Beliefs and knowledge about the mental health issues and it remedies can be improved by health literacy. Attitudes and beliefs of any person about the mental illness can be changed by knowledge about mental illness. In recent past, there is increasing evidence of increase in the cases of mental illness. Mental health condition is being considered as the neglected field, however recently attention is being given to the people with mental illness. It is necessity to give attention to the mental health patients because it can affect the persons functioning, behaviour and thinking pattern. Positive perception about the mental health can be incorporated by improving knowledge about the mental health (Shah et al., 2017). Family interaction, social interaction and media stories can be helpful in improving mental health education. Media played a significant role in changing perception about the mental health. It is highly possible that change in perception and understanding about the mental health condition can vary from culture to culture. Hence, it become obligatory to consider cultural context in understanding beliefs about mental illness. People with mental illness were seeking help of others; however it changed an people empowered themselves to take care of themselves (Amini et al., 2013).
There were different perceptions of mental illness like mental illness due to family conflicts, mental illness as divine message, as a supernatural phenomenon, as a parapsychological phenomenon and as a natural part of suffering. However, there is no robust evidence is available for corelating this mental illness with all these supernatural phenomena. Mental illness is being considered as the existence of psychiatric symptoms while mental well-being is being considered as the emotional prosperity. However, it should be noted that mental well-being is not only the emotional prosperity but also the restoring the physiological and biochemical levels and reversing the pathological conditions in the nervous system of the patient. Emotional prosperity can be achieved through social interventions; however medical interventions are required for restoring the physiological and biochemical levels and reversing the pathological conditions. It is difficult to implement both social and medical interventions to all the mental ill diagnosed patients. Cultural and social factors are responsible as hindrance for the implementation of social and medical interventions. Recently, efforts were made to consider mental condition on solely on the medical ground and not on the cultural and social grounds. Different factors like somatic, organic, comic forces, interpersonal relationships, diet and exercise were considered as the factors responsible for the occurrence mental illness (Yuan et al., 2016). However, these factors can not be considered as aetiology of the mental illness and can not plan therapeutic intervention with respect to these aetiological factors. Over the time, different diagnostic tests, psychological and behavioural tests were being developed to identify exact aetiological factors of mental illness. Social pressures are being considered responsible for the shame and stigma in the mental health patients. However; efforts were being made to reduce shame and stigma due to society and empowered patient for the recovery (Papish et al., 2013). Traditionally and in most of the cultures, social support was considered as the effective tool for the management of mental health condition. Studies demonstrated that social support from the family members and society members can play significant role managing symptoms of mentally ill patient.
Mental health condition was being made considered as the issue limited to the patient onself, however in recent times policymakers were being involved in the effective management of the mental illness. Due to stigma and shame, mentally ill patients were not opening up about their mental health. Policymakers played significant role in breaking stigma and shame by bringing awareness-raising campaigns. Even though, different perceptions are existing for the mental health conditions in different culture, there are existence of common causes for mental conditions in different cultures. These common causes should be assessed and common therapeutic regimen should be prepared. Tolerance for the mentally ill patients increased from 80 to 90 % in the last 10 years. Provision of care to the mentally ill patients increased from 80 to 95 % in the last decade. Establishment of community care centres to the mentally ill patients increased from 70 to 80 % in the last decade. Earlier, it was used to be considered that mentally ill patients can be dangerous. However, this perception changed from 65 % to 55 % in the last decade. Reduction in exclusion of the mentally ill patients as neighbours is evident. Earlier mentally ill patients were being treated only in mental hospitals. However, in the recent past it was evident that mentally ill patients can be treated in community centres and at homes.
Legislation can be helpful in improving access of mentally ill patients to the treatment and providing financial assistance. Legislation can be helpful in reducing discrepancy in access to health facilities. Health for all policy can be implemented to all the people with the help of legislation. Legislation can give symbolic value to the care, which is going to be given to patient. It would be helpful in augmenting acceptance of the care. Patients can receive health insurance benefits as a part of legislation. It can be helpful in reducing difference in the nominal and actual insurance benefit for the mentally ill patient. Legislation can be helpful in implementing manged care to the mentally ill patients. Legislation can be helpful in augmenting power of healthcare providers hence these patients can receive holistic care (Rutkow et al., 2014; Friedman, 2014).
Social policy can be helpful in augmenting focus of all the care providers. Good practice of care can be implemented for providing holistic care. Good practice of care can be helpful in minimizing errors and improving outcome of the care. Implementation of the social can be helpful in generating valid documents for the specific type of patients and it can be used as evidence-based therapy. These documents can be helpful in treating similar kind of patients. It would be helpful in implementing robust procedures with better outcomes. Social policy can be helpful in establishing link between offending behaviour, potential risks and protective factors for the changed behaviour patients like Bryan. Social policy can be helpful in providing care to the patients by visiting homes, through family therapy and at community centres. Patient preference can be considered and comprehensive care can be provided to the patients through social policy (Barry et al., 2014; Plagerson, 2015).
Society can play significant role in providing holistic care to the mentally ill patients like Bryan. In general, mentally patients are being neglected by the society, hence there might be worsening of the challenging behaviour of in these patients. Society should exhibit acceptance for such patients to give them confidence and boost their morale. Holistic care can be effectively given through positive communication with these patients. Society members can play significant role in the bringing positive communication with the patients. Therapeutic environment can be created by the society members, which is as essential component of the holistic care. Inclusion of society members in the recovery of the mentally ill patients can augment hope of these patients for recovery (Dossey, 2013; Hess, 2011).
Different cultures have their own perspective for mental illness. Stigma and discrimination can have impact on the health mentally ill patient. Holistic care can address stigma and discrimination aspects of the mentally patients. Culture can also affect adherence and willingness of patients to the treatment. Understanding culture of the individual can be helpful in implementing effective treatment for the mentally ill patients. Even though, mental illness is considered as individualised, collective cultural perspective can be helpful in providing holistic are to the patient. Studies were conducted to establish correlation between the cultural and biomedical aspects of the disease. This can be helpful in providing similar type of care to all the people in the same culture. Cultures with non-acceptance of the medication treatment can be kept away from the holistic treatment. In such culture, stigma related medication acceptance should be broken. In few cultures, it would be difficult for the medical professionals to communicate with people of this specific culture. It is possible that, people of this culture would not receive holistic care (Carpenter-Song et al., 2010; Abdullah and Brown, 2011).
References :
Abdullah T, Brown TL. (2011). Mental illness stigma and ethnocultural beliefs, values, and norms: an integrative review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31: pp. 934-948.
Amini H, Reza M, Hasan EA et al. (2013). How Mental Illness is Perceived by Iranian Medical Students: A Preliminary Study. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health, 9: pp. 62–68. doi: 10.2174/1745017901309010062.
Barry CL, McGinty EE, Pescosolido BA, Goldman HH. (2014). Stigma, discrimination, treatment effectiveness, and policy: public views about drug addiction and mental illness. Psychiatr Serv, 65(10): pp. 1269-72.
Benti M, Jemal E, Tadesse A et al. (2016). Community Perception towards Mental Illness among Residents of Gimbi Town, Western Ethiopia. Psychiatry J, 6740346. doi: 10.1155/2016/6740346 .
Courtney JW, Heidi Z, Valda B. (2016). Holistic Practice in Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Perspectives of Health Practitioners. PLoS One, 11(6): e0156826.
Dossey BM. (2013). Nursing: integral, integrative, and holistic—local to global. In: Dossey BM, Keegan L, eds. Holistic Nursing: A Handbook for Practice. 6th ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett; pp. 3-57.
Friedman RC. (2014). Introduction to the special issue on psychotherapy, the affordable care act, and mental health parity: obstacles to implementation. Psychodyn Psychiatry, 42(3): pp. 339-42.
Furber G, Leonie S, Matthew L, et al. (2015). Preventing mental illness: closing the evidence-practice gap through workforce and services planning. BMC Health Serv Res, 15: 283. doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-0954-5.
Grundberg Å, Britt E, Madeleine A, Dorota R. (2012). How community-dwelling seniors with multimorbidity conceive the concept of mental health and factors that may influence it: A phenomenographic study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being, 7: 10.3402/qhw.v7i0.19716. doi: 10.3402/qhw.v7i0.19716.
Hamdan MA, Vincent RB, Roger RM. (2017). Awareness of holistic care practices by intensive care nurses in north-western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J, 38(8): pp. 826–831.
Hess D. (2011). Defining holistic nurse coaching. AHNA Beginnings, 31(1): pp. 16-9.
Manwell, LA, Skye PB, Karen R. et al. (2015). What is mental health? Evidence towards a new definition from a mixed methods multidisciplinary international survey. BMJ Open, 5(6): e007079. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007079.
Papish A, Aliya K, Geeta M et al. (2013). Reducing the stigma of mental illness in undergraduate medical education: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med Educ, 13: 141. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-13-141 .
Plagerson S. (2015). Integrating mental health and social development in theory and practice. Health Policy Plan, 30(2): pp. 163-70.
Rutkow L, Vernick JS, Semon NL, Flowers A, Errett NA, Links JM. (2014). Translating legal research on mental and behavioral health during emergencies for the public health workforce. Public Health Rep, 129 (4): pp. 123-8.
Shah A, Lydia W, Kristen S et al. (2017). Community perceptions of mental illness in rural Uganda: An analysis of existing challenges facing the Bwindi Mental Health Programme. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med, 9(1): 1404. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1404.
Trevillion K, Bryony H, Gene F et al. (2014). Disclosure of domestic violence in mental health settings: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Int Rev Psychiatry, 26(4): pp. 430–444.
Yuan, Q, Louisa P, Sherilyn C, et al. (2017). Attitudes to mental illness among mental health professionals in Singapore and comparisons with the general population. PLoS One, 12(11): e0187593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187593.
Yuan Q, Edimansyah A, Louisa P, et al. (2016). Attitudes to Mental Illness and Its Demographic Correlates among General Population in Singapore. PLoS One, 11(11): e0167297. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167297.
Zamanzadeh, V, Madineh J, Leila V, Brian K, Fariba T. (2015). Effective Factors in Providing Holistic Care: A Qualitative Study. Indian J Palliat Care, 21(2): pp. 214–224.
Wei Y, Patrick J, Jill H, Stan K. (2015). Mental health literacy measures evaluating knowledge, attitudes and help-seeking: a scoping review. BMC Psychiatry, 15: 291. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0681-9.
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download