Discuss About The Qualitative Evaluation And Research Methods.
The changing of the working system of the company will have a great influence on the staff, clients and administrators in a way and how this change will affect the quality and quantity of services to be given by the clients and what will be its benefit.
To find out the influence and how fruitful will the twenty hour work week system on the staff and clients
The accounting firm on taxation and advisory system has decided to change on the working system of the company. The company decided to reduce weekly workings to twenty-hours a week so as to improve the fruitfulness of the company’s goods and services. To ensure that this change come to take place the company there will be meeting to be conducted from Monday to Friday so as to ensure that there is enough staff to work from Monday to Friday for eight hours a week (Groen, Wouters and Wilderom 2012).
A qualitative approach helps us to conduct a qualitative research. Qualitative research helps us to understand certain reasons ideas, motivation of a research, develop ideas for an adequate research, provides feedback and ideas, it shows more Om the purpose, the steps and way if doing the research. There are four major approaches of qualitative approach that is: ethnographic approach which deals more on observation and anthropological research this is studying more of the past and the ideas on what to be studied.
Phenomenological way which deals with the philosophical way and that are psychology, social work and sociology, it focuses on how the world interprets things and how people are subjective to experiences. Field research which deals with gathering and analyzing data to get a certain aim. Grounded theory this is to develop the extra ordinary interests. A best method of this qualitative approach is in a case study. This is that the research is credible and trustworthy (Pernecky 2016).
(c) How will the participants from the population are selected
The firm which takes advisory and taxation task the company has decided to choose population which will ensure the firm running effectively. The company has one thousand taxation and advisory staff and 500 administrative staff which makes it one thousand five hundred staff members from all the state cities.
(d) Sample size selection
From all the staff members who add up to 1500 in all the state cities there will be systematic random sampling in the selection. Each branch firm will have an administrative persons and taxation and advisory persons. From the 500 persons we will arbitrary get a sample of 60 administrators and 250 taxation and advisory person from the 1000 persons from all the different cities and avoid biasness and favor and change of locations to increase productivity.
(e) Sample Participants’ Selection
The company which will improve on the productivity and increase the number of clients and sponsors will be given the first priority to conduct the research and participate in it fully. Each firm must at least produce an administrator and an advisory and taxation persons who at least needs to be three from a firm and also consider the gender, age difference and race balance to ensure a productive research (Lueg, Pedersen and Clemmensen 2015).
Data can be collected in two forms in the qualitative approach this is the interviews and the questionnaires. In questionnaires the data might be collected in two ways that is paper-pencil and web based questionnaires (Hofstede 1991). In paper-pencil u send the questions to the staff and clients asking the questions on the impacts of the twenty work system this methods will cover almost all staff and clients and they will answer either correctly and trustworthy about their opinion the problem will be not all clients and staff will return their questionnaires and in the web we send the questionnaires on websites such as the companies Facebook account, email this method is quicker and less tasking the problem only limits to the people with internet (Kimathi 2016). The interviews part will take more time thus will not be necessary in data collection.
(g) Examples of Questions
What are the pros of conducting the twenty-hour work week
This question will be used to check on the advantages of the twenty-hour week and what will be the benefits of this change.
What are the issues and difficulties that the staff will undergo during the twenty-hour week
This question will give staff the chance to say on the difficulties and the issues they underwent during the work systems .they will issue their complaints and all their challenge and how these problems will affect them negatively.
This question will enable the firm to bring out measure and the legislation on how to bring the changes to improve on the company’s quality of services and goods they provide and if the consumers are given quality services and are satisfied with it.
(h) Steps taken to analyze the data
1)get the impressions or transcribing your work; this is where e you are likely to select what you think might help you in the research you are doing, that is find what you need
2) Organize you data this is by checking the objectives and questions needed for your research and organize the collected data accordingly and ensures it’s in a clear and neat way
3)code your data this is by compressing your work so as to give clear meaning of your research and this can be done descriptive coding this is by summarizing your work in-vivo coding by checking or language pattern (Onwuegbuzie and Teddlie 2003).
4) Validate data this process is done to bring about an accuracy method of research and reliability in your work
Conclude your work this is by stating your findings and the research outcomes on the questions and objectives then present your work as a report and state the way of research, the advantages and the disadvantages and the implications of the study and also areas of future references.
(I)Limitations
The outcome could have limitations that another company considering using this research might get difficulties despite using the correct data analysis. The aims and objectives of different research may vary
Difficulties in decision making that is this company is a big organization and the research they did was for their company thus companies with smaller number of clients and staff will undergo another research in order to see on how this might help them use the twenty hour week they might lack enough staff and planning will have to undertake again
Difficulty in accepting data analysis most companies do not accept other people’s analysis and they want to do their own research so as to get their own findings and objectives since most data are subjectively in nature
A mixed method research is where you gather conclusion on research where involves to collect analyze and integrate interviews. The interviews answers might be used in this ways in a mixed method approach that is:
The researcher should use the exploratory sequential approach since it gives more details on the qualitative findings and give test bin a new approach it has strengths that is it is easy to report and describe it in a detailed way and easy to implement the findings since they are clear and explained in stages (Patton 1990).
A Participatory Budgeting (PB) is policy making procedure whereby citizens are directly involve to manage their money and undergo daily government activities, they are allowed to allocate budget and also in deicing making. They are involved with the government politically and socially where they create programmers and forums to benefit all of them the citizens are allowed to participate in their projects, give decision making on the use of their money and utilize resources correctly this helps in reforming the budgets correctly and promote public learning and actively involved citizens (Patton 1990).
All the budgets have to be kept open and the public to examine it and see if this is what they decided since they are supposed to actively engage in it the citizens to trust and believe I also their decisions are kept in considerations. There is a dialogue between the citizen and the policy makers. The participatory budgeting lies on three pillars that is the accountability, consulting one another and passing of information so as anyone can access the information any time participatory budgeting comes with two goals that is procedural and result oriented goals so as to give the delivery services in a reduced term and it be improved.
Public budgetary increases the understanding of the budget formulation processes this is where the ideas and proposals are given by the citizens but the administrators and the officials checks whether the funds are used how citizens want and if their proposals have been checked upon this helps the citizens to see where the savings are been undertaken and have meaningful investments are done to help in the future
It brings about positive attitudes towards superiors and budgets, this is because everyone is actively involved in the budgets process making the citizens to strongly believe in their leaders since they take account in their views and knowledge and have trust in them it also brings clarity of the method chosen to bring about the decision making.
It gives the citizens correct information; improve productivity and communication improvement it gives more on better budget making processes
From the four articles listed above there is an improved purpose to the participatory budgeting in the world and that is brings on the transparency on the nature of the budget and its making processes (Gonçalves 2014). It encourages the citizens to participate actively in their communities, improve the living standards of the poor due allocation of resources is evenly distributed, it reduces corruption and misuse of the country’s funds, increases the government efficiency in the state, the citizens are enabled to learn on the responsibilities of the officials and prevent them from taking advantage of them, it brings about equal and just social justices leading to correct decision making and boosts the role of political parties and institutions. This improves works performance and entity performance and increases organization commitments and accountability in works (Hassan, El Hefnawi and El Refaie 2011).
Power distance index: this I am where the less powerful people agrees and expects that power is unevenly distributed and is not equal at all. People with great power are established and executed in the society without doubt or no reason. The less powerful people try to question the high powerful people.
Individualism vs collectivism; individualism is the act that where one relates only with the immediate family and don’t associate with the group while collectivism this is where a society relates into groups without any difficulties (Baxter 2008).F) According to Hofstede’s cultural dimensions has given the cultural difference awareness among people this minimizes what culture thinks of one another and reduce misunderstanding and misinterpretation of people between people from different countries hence people understand each other. This helps in your approach, decisions and actions and how you think and react since everyone is unique and no society has uniformity for as to avoid mistakes and boost our confidence (Kimathi 2016).
Behavioral factors; this is how the public trust and their attitude influences participation in the budget. This is where the government should create a framework where the public will be will be able to participate in budgeting this is where negotiations and involving the public in decision making to provide and improve budget process. They should coordinate the public in the entire thing they are doing and implement on the views that were early discussed in previous budgets (Hofstede 1991).
Social economic factors: the government should involve people with higher education services this is those that have undergone the tertiary level of education for purpose to promote good and quality debates on the budget formulation system. On the public sector the government should offer training services for them to learn on the budget systems and also create forum where public ideas should be taken and listened to so that everyone gets a chance also websites to give on your opinions on budget (Adamson, Gooberman-Hill, Woolhead, and Donovan 2004) . They government should also ensure that there is equal presentation of gender that is both the women men the disabled persons to represents the panel in decision making. The public officials should ensure that the resources are properly utilized to encourage trust in the society a
Demographic characteristics; this is the population characteristics such she age, gender., role of women in the society, the disabled, the foreigners level of trust fairness, character of the people and culture belief also affect the participation in in budget that is who are engaged and why are they engaged their purpose and also what they will do the public in large (Hoozée and Bruggeman 2010).
A PB describes a situation in which locals and citizens of a certain nation are actively engaged in decision making and correctly allocation of resources it is like a policy making processes (Adamson, Gooberman-Hill, Woolhead and Donovan 2004). This brings about equality and social justices in countries. Issues such as corruption and not trusting your government officials have reduced in a country. The government is able to save and improve of investments.
References
Adamson, J., Gooberman-Hill, R., Woolhead, G. and Donovan, J., 2004. ‘Questerviews’: using questionnaires in qualitative interviews as a method of integrating qualitative and quantitative health services research. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 9(3), pp.139-145.
Baxter, P., 2008. Qualitative Case Study Methodology: Study Design and Implementation for Novice Researchers. The Qualitative Report, 13(4), pp.544–559.
Gonçalves, S., 2014. The effects of participatory budgeting on municipal expenditures and infant mortality in Brazil. World Development, 53, pp.94-110.
Groen, B.A., Wouters, M.J. and Wilderom, C.P., 2012. Why do employees take more initiatives to improve their performance after co-developing performance measures? A field study. Management Accounting Research, 23(2), pp.120-141.
Hassan, G.F., El Hefnawi, A. and El Refaie, M., 2011. Efficiency of participation in planning. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 50(2), pp.203-212.
Hofstede, G., 1991. Cultures and organizations. Intercultural cooperation and its importance for survival. Software of the mind. London: Mc Iraw-Hill.
Hofstede, G., 2011. Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online readings in psychology and culture, 2(1), p.8.
Hoozée, S. and Bruggeman, W., 2010. Identifying operational improvements during the design process of a time-driven ABC system: The role of collective worker participation and leadership style. Management Accounting Research, 21(3), pp.185-198.
Kimathi, M.G., 2016. Factors Influencing Public Participation in the County Integrated Development Planning Process. A Case Of County Government Of Meru.
Lueg, R., Pedersen, M.M. and Clemmensen, S.N., 2015. The role of corporate sustainability in a low?cost business model–A case study in the Scandinavian fashion industry. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(5), pp.344-359.
Onwuegbuzie, A.J. and Teddlie, C., 2003. A framework for analyzing data in mixed methods research. Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 2, pp.397-430.
Patton, M.Q., 1990. Qualitative evaluation and research methods. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download