Discuss About The Educational Scientific Cultural Organization.
The aim of this report is to discuss the ways which may result in the revitalization of tourism sector in the Kakadu National Park Australia. This report has addressed the issues regarding the maintenance of cultural heritage of the aboriginal people of this particular area. The entire report is based on the empirical data and peer reviewed journals and news related to this national park. Moreover, the management plan of the park authority and the strategies they follow in maintaining joint management of this national park in accordance to the policies of UNESCO. In this report the issues which are posing challenges in attaining sustainable growth of tourism sector has been analyses which will give scope for identification of weak areas but the research would have been more intense if there was a scope for surveying the place. Moreover, due to limitation of time and budget, extensive research could not be done. This national park is a biological hotspot of Australia which has attracted even international tourists. This is the reason why the government along with the park authority needs to have more effect management system for attaining sustainability.
As mentioned in the management plan of Kakadu National Park for the decade 2016-2026, there are two focusing area on which the entire hoard of policies work. The main focus is on maintaining the natural environment of this national park. The second one is the maintaining the rich cultural heritage of the aboriginal people of this place who have been living in this area for more than thousand years and considered to be the knowledge broker and guardian of this national park (Lawes et al., 2015). The Kakadu National Park authority has a strong collaboration with the international organizations like UNESCO working for maintaining environment in the national parks and biosphere reserves in the entire globe. The management plan of this national park follows the guidelines of UNESCO regarding mining, collection of forest resources, protecting the flora and fauna of this place and finally the unique cultural heritage of the aboriginal communities like the Bininj or Mungguy (Unesco.org, 2018). The government has initiated to incorporate the efforts and natural knowledge of these communities in managing the park in its entirety.
The CHM plan discusses the vision and purpose of the park authority in attaining the sustainable growth in the tourism sector in Kakadu National Park. The chief purposes of this national park have two basis facts. One aims to maintain preservation of the park in its natural condition. The another is to promote tourism through encouraging people so that they use the natural as well as cultural resources appropriately, appreciatively and responsively. This national park is a home to few aboriginal communities like Bininj or Mungguy hence possess rich cultural heritage (Russell?Smith et al., 2017). Therefore, the management plan tries to make this place as one of the great world heritage areas in Australia. The authority in charge of this national park works collaboratively with the aboriginal communities residing in this forest area as they have been the protectors of this forest from time immemorial. Beside this ethical aspect, these aboriginal communities have legal rights over the land of this country (Lucas et al., 2017). Therefore, the government has considered their culture and tradition as the cultural heritage of the country which can be used as the element of tourist attraction in this place. The future generation of these communities are encouraged to take pride in their ancient culture and present them to the entire world. This natural knowledge sharing has economic, social and cultural value for which Kakadu National Park has become important as a tourist destination.
The management plan has been resonating one motto that is to maintain the suitability of tourism sector in this place. In this aspect there has been five basic issues have been identified. Firstly, due to global warming, the environment of this place has been changing which is directly affecting the natural growth of the plant and animal species of this place. Kakadu National Park therefore, has been suffering from severe ecological imbalance with fast extinction of endangered species (McGregor et al., 2011). Secondly, the issue of integrity among the natural and cultural attributes has not conveyed outstanding universal value. This is because the aboriginal communities are not effectively aware of the consequences of uncontrolled burning and grazing that is affecting the natural environment of Kakadu National Park. Thirdly, large areas of Kakadu National Park are inaccessible to the people other than the traditional residents, the aboriginal entities of the park (Woinarski et al., 2010). Therefore, the tourists may not have full access to enter the archeological, art and anthropological sites of this national park. Fourthly, the authority does not take initiative to conserve the valuable rock art sites due to natural as well as chemical weathering and mutilation from vegetation, slat water, mud-building insects, feral animals finally human activities (Sponarski., Vaske & Bath, 2015). Finally, the people of the aboriginal communities do not possess proper training to address the legal protection for creating an effective planning framework.
As mentioned before the movement has taken a collaborative measure along with the aboriginal communities so that the natural and cultural aspects of this particular national park have been catered appropriately (Watson et al., 2014). Therefore, these communities are also responsible to build a perfect framework for supporting the tourism sector. There are numerous stakeholders like travel agents, tour wholesalers, inbound tour operators, escorts or tour guides, local tour operators, staffs in the visitor information centers, onsite tour guides and most importantly the visitors or tourists themselves (Wolf, Stricker & Hagenloh, 2015). Therefore, the issues this national park is facing indirectly affecting the interests of these stakeholders. The current trends of tourism around the world have started to first serve these stakeholders and make strategies so that the victors do not get hint about any kind of issues in the tourist destination. Moreover, the local tourism media and commercial media foster information through programs about Kakadu National Park which serve to be a promotional act (Wilson et al., 2017). Hence it is the responsibility of the government as well as the author in change of marinating the national park to perfectly match the perception and experience of the tourists visiting this place.
Australia is a member of the World Heritage Convention. Therefore, the government of the country aims to promote collaboration among public and private sector to protect its environmental and cultural heritage of the place which is of such an outstanding universal value. This is the reason why conservation is mandatory for the current as well as the future generations. As the national park is a tourist destination, there are many threats that affect the biodiversity of the park be it a human made or natural. The current climatic changes and global warming has been affecting the species so much that there are number of flora and fauna standing on the verge of extinction. Moreover, new species can be originated or evolution can also take place. Hence the government along with the park authority needs to work collaboratively with the universities and laboratories so that continuous research on the biodiversity happen in the park and biosecurity can be increased. The government need to maintain a strong level cooperation with the non-profit organizational working internationally to maintain balance in the ecology of the biosphere reserves and national parks. These partnerships with the international organizations, the authority will get economic support which will be utilized in the building infrastructure and supporting the traditionalism of the aboriginal people of this place.
As the achieve aim of the government is to uplift the economic, social and cultural situation of the aboriginal communities, the policies of the park authorities have focused on forming a strong collaborative connection between the aboriginals and the non-aboriginals residing in the park. This is why it has initiated joint management strategy to serve the aboriginal land rights in one hand and support to flourish and prosper the culture and tradition of these communities on the other (Haynes, 2017). However, these have not been attained successfully hence the government needs to put more effort to encourage these people to maintain their ancient tradition and observe respect to their traditions. Through proper support this aboriginal culture, language, celebrations and arts will be motivated. The government can arrange recreation for the tourists where the aboriginal culture will be promoted. These will also attract the international tourists and convey the cultural heritage of this aboriginal communities. For promoting the cultural heritage of this national park, the government can collaboratively work with the commercial media which will create brand image and promote them internationally.
The land usage of this place need to have proper review and records so that the forest area or the land of the forest do not get acquired by the local communities for agriculture and other reasons. For gaining the best result out of the joint management with the forest communities, the giving training is mandatory. The issues and using natural resources by the aboriginal people of this place have created much problem preventing the attainment of objectives of sustainable development. Through uncontrolled mining and collecting forest materials by the human residents affecting the plant and animal species need to be mitigated. Therefore, the authority of this park will need to create awareness so that a sustainable growth through proper use of natural resources can be obtained. Through training these people will present their cultural celebrations to the tourists and create scope for popularity through their own festivals. The government’s encouragement will help the future generation to take interest in their aboriginal culture and bear the flag proudly.
Conclusion:
Therefore, it can be concluded that the initiative to build a joint management system with the aboriginal people residing in Kakadu National Park is a subject of pride and honor but there are some issues which the newspapers, peer review journals and various authentic websites have identified bout the management strategies of this particular park. The sustainable principles are getting hampered by numerous reasons which is changing the biodiversity as well as the cultural heritage of this place. At this point the authority needs to take initiates to research and report these issues and make decisions to minimize the affect both for the natural environment of the place as well as the tourism sector of Kakadu National Park.
References:
Haynes, C. (2017). The value of work and “common discourse’ in the joint management of kakadu national park. Australian Journal of Anthropology, 28(1), 72-87. doi:10.1111/taja.12169
Lawes, M. J., Murphy, B. P., Fisher, A., Woinarski, J. C. Z., Edwards, A. C., & Russell-Smith, J. (2015). Small mammals decline with increasing fire extent in northern australia: Evidence from long-term monitoring in kakadu national park. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 24(5), 712-722. doi:10.1071/WF14163
Lucas, R., Finlayson, C. M., Bartolo, R., Rogers, K., Mitchell, A., Woodroffe, C. D., . . . Ens, E. (2017). Historical perspectives on the mangroves of kakadu national park. Marine and Freshwater Research, doi:10.1071/MF17065
McGregor, S., Lawson, V., Christophersen, P., Kennett, R., Boyden, J., Bayliss, P., . . . Andersen, A. N. (2010;2011;). Indigenous wetland burning: Conserving natural and cultural resources in australia’s world heritage-listed kakadu national park. Human Ecology, 38(6), 721-729. doi:10.1007/s10745-010-9362-y
Russell?Smith, J., Evans, J., Edwards, A. C., & Simms, A. (2017). Assessing ecological performance thresholds in fire?prone kakadu national park, northern australia. Ecosphere, 8(7), e01856-n/a. doi:10.1002/ecs2.1856
Sponarski, C. C., Vaske, J. J., & Bath, A. J. (2015). Attitudinal differences among residents, park staff, and visitors toward coyotes in Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada. Society & Natural Resources, 28(7), 720-732.
Unesco.org. (2018). UNESCO encourages role of private sector in heritage conservation | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved from https://www.unesco.org/new/en/tehran/about-this-office/single-view/news/unesco_encourages_role_of_private_sector_in_heritage_conserv/
Watson, J. E., Dudley, N., Segan, D. B., & Hockings, M. (2014). The performance and potential of protected areas. Nature, 515(7525), 67.
Wilson, D. L., Hallo, J. C., Sharp, J. L., Mainella, H. F. P., & McGuire, F. A. (2017). Activity selection among baby boomer national park visitors: The search for a sense of adventure. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 19, 37-45.
Woinarski, J. C. Z., Armstrong, M., Brennan, K., Fisher, A., Griffiths, A. D., Hill, B., . . . Young, S. (2010). Monitoring indicates rapid and severe decline of native small mammals in kakadu national park, northern australia. Wildlife Research, 37(2), 116-126. doi:10.1071/WR09125
Wolf, I. D., Stricker, H. K., & Hagenloh, G. (2015). Outcome-focused national park experience management: Transforming participants, promoting social well-being, and fostering place attachment. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(3), 358-381.
Unesco.org. (2018). UNESCO encourages role of private sector in heritage conservation | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved from https://www.unesco.org/new/en/tehran/about-this-office/single-view/news/unesco_encourages_role_of_private_sector_in_heritage_conserv/
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download