The purpose of the following essay is to determine the role of the globalization and neo-liberalism in the facilitation of sex trafficking. Sex trafficking has become a global problem with many countries and their respective governments trying to cope with this matter in the hardest way (Siskin and Wyler 2012). The emphasis of the government has always been to find out the root cause of the problem, analyse them properly and make recommendations on how the problem could be solved. It has been noticed in some cases that some of the organisations are engaged in the practice of using the cheap labour for their operations. The discussion will be aiming at understanding the problem of sex trafficking and the manner in which globalization and neo- globalization plays a role influencing the organized crimes. Lastly, the discussion will be including preventive measures that might be considered by the government organizations in order to avoid sex trafficking.
The problem of sex trafficking and the organized crime
The sex trafficking has been condemned as a crime in several countries in the world.
Sex trafficking is human trafficking, which is undertaken with the purpose of sexual exploitation. The two aspects that characterizes trafficking are supply and demand. The sexual exploitation is dependent on the direct or channeled interaction between the trafficker and the customers with the objective of enhanced monetary gains of the trafficker and the satisfaction of the customers. The movement of the sex trafficking crimes is defined as acquisition, movement, and exploitation.
. As the researchers have observed, women and children who do not have the normal social advantages are the most vulnerable to being trafficked. Apart from the women and children, some men can also be included in this list of the trafficked human beings (Alvarez and Alessi 2012). It is very important to note that these women and children are always in search of some working opportunities to run their livelihoods. This need for the working opportunities exposes them to potential exploitation by the agents of the human trafficking industry (Lee 2013).The criminal syndicates very often lure the young aged and middle-aged women to live a better life with modern lifestyle and finally they land as the trafficked women indeed. These widely varied job opportunities have been very much deceptive, and they are mostly found in the foreign countries. These susceptible job opportunities have been much luring and they are left with no other option but to grab it. This can largely be called or termed as the ‘web of deceit’ (Alvarez and Alessi 2012). The sex trafficked men, women and children find it already too late to escape from this deceitful situation. The job opportunities in the foreign countries are techniques to attract the women into this sex trafficking industry where they are then subjected to slavery and forced labor (Shelley 2013).
The sex trafficking industry is a huge one and the culprits have been running the business exceptionally well (Weitzer 2014), ‘globalisation’ is crucial to this successful trafficking across multiple countries. Globalization is the process of increasing the interaction and integration among people from different regions, customs and cultures. The development of communicability and transportation facilities has helped the businesses undertaking their growth in the diverse fields. The growth of interactions and integrated functioning has helped businesses in enhancing the scopes of expansion beyond the boundaries of their respective nations (Weitzer 2014).
Enhanced communicability and transportation facilities have enhanced the crime rates relating to sex trafficking. Enhanced communication with the clients helps the traffickers in establishing sound interactions with the customers. On the other hand, the enhancement in the transportation networks helped the traffickers in supplying the human commodities to the target customers more feasibly. Globalization has supported the growth of the organized crimes through the different amendments like enhanced communicability and transportation, which helped the traffickers in adhering to the sex related demands of the high profile customers.
The entire world is no more limited by the cross borders of the nations.
The multinational organisations in different countries always like to expand and they are in need of the cheap labour resources to run their operations in a smooth manner (Cecchet and Thoburn 2014). In order to cope up with the challenges the government has to be much prominent indeed.. According to the critics, it can be said that the organisational managers always look to make the most of the resources as they thrive to make the most profits.
While globalisation makes sex trafficking possible on a global scale it is the “neoliberal” global economy that makes sex trafficking profitable and is one of the most important factors of human or sex trafficking.The global economy is an important influence for the betterment of the life living standards, but it can also have negative consequences.
The concept of Neo- liberalism refers to the 20th-century revival of 19th-century ideas associated with laissez-faire economic liberalism. The idea of neo- liberalism refers to the different elements of deregulations and free trades, which has helped in the growth of the different enterprises across the globe. The policies that were focused during the neo –liberalism age was focused on the privatization of the business operations and reductions in different government spending (Kempadoo, Sanghera and Pattanaik 2015). The neo- liberalistic society focused on the growth of the private sector enterprises against the functioning of the government enterprise, which has brought about significant changes in the social structure and functioning.
Neo- liberalism supported the growth of organized crimes like human trafficking as slaves and for sexual purposes due to the privatization of the social structure and organizations and enhancement of the free trade options. It has helped the traffickers in cutting costs while supplying the human commodities to the clients. Minimization of government interventions through tax and excise duties has helped in the growth of the organized crimes.
As per the scholars, it can be said that the various states and nations are largely dependent on each other and they have to exchange the various commodities for the betterment of their operations (Weitzer 2014). Only this exchange of the commodities will lead to the profitable business outcomes for the global business managers. This creates a global demand for the ‘commodity’ of sex, and therefore the demand for this sex trafficking industry is prominently insatiable. This is why it is very much important to note that the sex traffickers belong to the big criminal syndicates.
The protection and prevention are most relevant things in order to cope up with the problems of the human trafficking.
Trafficking transgresses state borders and state jurisdiction. In the context of globalisation all governments around the world must make the collective efforts in this juncture as the sex trafficking do not abide by the state boundaries anymore. It is challenging for the national governments of all the countries to take the preventive measures against this. As this is a crime, new legal frameworks should be designed in order to stop these people from engaging in this sort of practice (Jonsson 2012). Various internal Non-Government Organisations (NGO)s should come up forward and join hands with the national and state law-enforcement agencies so they can design some new laws that will be a hammering blow to these human traffickers. The implementation of the laws will be very much important for successfully eradicating this social evil of the sex trafficking all over the world. The law enforcement institutions should also make the proper arrangements for the betterment of the situation in numerous ways. As this affects the humanity in large ways, the government organisations will have to take the proper strict actions.A second problem here is it is difficult to identify the source of the problem as traffickers may work across multiple jurisdictions. Counter trafficking measures would need to identify all the culprits who are indulged in this sex trafficking industry and manipulating the children and women towards the slavery. The Governments in the several countries will surely increase the counter-trafficking efforts and this will cater to the betterment of the situation (Goodhart 2016The governments and the United Nations will have to work together to form a law-enforcement network that would seriously cater to the betterment of the situation (Michalowski and Kramer 2013). According to the critics, this network will help to identify the several opportunities by which the police force will identify the culprits.Finally, The Governments of the several countries must note the fact that local poverty and job opportunities makewomen vulnerable to being trafficked. Therefore, some critics have shared their opinions in this light and they have opined that the Government must put in the efforts to provide the education to the little children and create job opportunities for all the classes in the society (Kempadoo, Sanghera and Pattanaik 2015).The equal education opportunities will have to be provided to the women and children of the society. It will protect the women from going foreign countries and get deceived.
Conclusion
As per the above discussion, the essay can be concluded that the human and sex trafficking has been one of the biggest social evils in this century. The responsibility lies largely on the government on how they would cope up with this challenge and save the numerous men, women and children. This has affected the humanity and the future of many people within the world. This is why the social evil practice should be eliminated from the society that should lead to the betterment of the surrounding and new hopes for the upcoming times could be transpired.
References
Alvarez, M.B. and Alessi, E.J., 2012. Human trafficking is more than sex trafficking and prostitution: Implications for social work. Affilia, 27(2), pp.142-152.
Brysk, A. and Choi-Fitzpatrick, A. eds., 2012. From human trafficking to human rights: Reframing contemporary slavery. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Cecchet, S.J. and Thoburn, J., 2014. The psychological experience of child and adolescent sex trafficking in the United States: Trauma and resilience in survivors. Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy, 6(5), p.482.
Goodhart, M. ed., 2016. Human rights: politics and practice. Oxford university press.
Jonsson, A. ed., 2012. Human trafficking and human security. Routledge.
Kempadoo, K., Sanghera, J. and Pattanaik, B., 2015. Trafficking and prostitution reconsidered: New perspectives on migration, sex work, and human rights. Routledge.
Lee, M., 2013. 1 Introduction: Understanding human trafficking. In Human trafficking (pp. 13-37). Willan.
Michalowski, R. and Kramer, R., 2013. Transnational environmental crime. In Handbook of Transnational Crime and Justice. SAGE Publications Inc..
Shelley, L., 2013. 6 Human trafficking as a form of transnational crime. In Human trafficking (pp. 128-149). Willan.
Siskin, A. and Wyler, L.S., 2012. Trafficking in persons: US policy and issues for congress. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.
Vlassis, D. and Williams, P., 2013. Combating transnational crime: concepts, activities and responses. Routledge.
Weitzer, R., 2014. New directions in research on human trafficking. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 653(1), pp.6-24.
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