SBM1201 Project Scope, Time, And Cost Management

Initiation Phase

The activity list of Drive through Super market consists of four phases:

(a) Initiation Phase:

The initiation phase consists of the following activities:

• Business Analysis – The business analysis phase consists of orientation of business, identifying business objectives, define scope of project, formulate business analysis plan, define the requirements of the project, support technical implementation, help the business implement the solution and Assess value created by the solution.
• Market Analysis – The market analysis of any construction project consists of researching the market, researching published statistics, researching data like government data, annual reports, press releases and in-house databases. It also includes discussion of the findings with experts in the sector like contractors, manufacturers, trade bodies, distributors and consultants. Meeting with suppliers and customers is another milestone for market analysis. Lastly, market analysis consists of forecasting models.
• Land finding – Land finding is the process by which the project undertakers search for land that will be suitable for the project. Land finding takes into consideration the scope of the project, the effect that the project will have on people.
• Negotiation on land acquisition – The land that will be acquired for project will have to undergo various government policies and regulations before the land is totally transferred for the project.
• Analyzing market target – The market target will be analyzed by considering the targets of various other similar construction projects.
• Scope identification – The scope of the project needs to be identified before the start of the project.

(b) Planning phase:

The planning phase consists of the following activities:

• Objectives – The objectives of the project are to fulfill the demands of the customers to drive through the market and buying products from the super market, to fulfill the needs and requirements of the customers and to aim at reducing the time of buying products from the super market.
• Scope – The scope of the project is to meet the objectives of the project and fulfill the needs of the customers.
• Resources – Determination of requirements of the project is necessary to initiate it properly. For example in this projects some of the resources are business analyst, civil engineers, project managers, project heads, electrical engineers and so on.  
• Budget – Identifying the cost should be done before the start of the project. This will give an idea to the project managers and the project heads about the total money that is needed to invest in the project.
• Timeline – Timeline of the project is related to the Work breakdown structure. This involves setting milestones for the project. This is significantly efficient for the smooth working of the project and fast completion.
• Contractors – Contractors are one of the important stakeholders of any construction project. He is the one who is responsible for providing all the necessary materials and labors as well as the required services that should be provided for the construction project. The main contractors hires subcontractors that assists the contractors in the completion of the project.
• Donors – Donors are the important stakeholders that make investments for a costly project. Starting of construction is not possible without proper funds. Therefore, huge amount of money needs to be raised before the start of the project and the donors help in raising the required funds.
• Contingency plan – Contingency plans are enacted to compensate the risks identified during risk assessment. In other words, they are the mitigation plans that are implemented to cope with project risks.
• Project draft – Project draft helps to write the life cycle of the project in the form of a rough draft. This involves preparing a work breakdown structure, making a list of deliverables that the project is required to meet, setting the timeline of the project and preparing a table that will identify the budget of the project.
• Draft approval – The draft that is prepared in the above step needs to be approved before the start of the project. The project manager, project heads, contractors and the landowners will approve the draft. Landowners are regarded as one of the stakeholders. With the approval of the project draft, the project can be initialized.

(c) Execution phase:

The execution phase consists of a number of subtasks. The execution phase is initiated by land approvals followed by the following activities:

• Site planning

1. Engineering designs – This involves designing the construction plan. Designing the construction plan will help to promote the quality of the project. This will involve actions of the civil engineers and will help to gain architectural knowledge of the design.
2. Engineering resources – Engineering resources describes the materials that are required to construct the project. Resources also involves engineers, business analysts, managers and other stakeholders that are directly or indirectly affected by the project.
3. Construction materials – Construction materials are identified in initiation phase and in the execution phase, construction materials like bricks and cements, iron rods and others are bought for starting construction.
4. Resource transportation – Resource transportation is defined as the transfer of construction materials from manufactures to contractors. The contractors supplies the raw materials to the labors.
5. Safety measures – In execution process, safety issues of the labors needs to be considered.
6. Stakeholder assigning – Different actions of the project are assigned to various stakeholders. For example, the project managers are assigned to supervise the project, designing the architecture is assigned to engineers and so on.
7. Informing stakeholders to execute project – After collecting the required materials and assigning tasks to various stakeholders, the stakeholders are informed to start the execution of the project.

• Warehouse management

1. Stock requirement analysis – Warehouses are the storing places of raw materials so that shortage of project does not occur. Analysis of stock needs to be done to avoid material shortage. Warehouse also stores products that are for sale in the super market. Warehouse keeper is appointed to look into this matter. When the stock of materials is about to exhaust, he informs the warehouse manager about it. Extra materials are bought beforehand to avoid any delay in project.  
2. Establishment of the pathways – The pathways of a construction project determines the whole path from the initiation of the project, including engineering design to managing the warehouse.
3. Establishing conveyors – Conveyors help to convey materials from the warehouse to actual construction site. They might consist of human labors or conveyor belts.
4. Engineering modification – Engineering modification is the modification that is required in architectural plan. This might include change in materials required as well as the change the tasks assigned to the stakeholders. Modifications are made to improve the quality of the project. With this process, warehouse management comes to an end.  

• Drive through

1. Designing pathways for vehicles – The drive through super market project requires for designing pathways inside the market such that cars can drive in and the customers can buy products without actually getting down the car. Therefore, a pathway should be designed to for the vehicles.
2. Establishing conveyors platform – Conveyors platform are established so that the products can be displayed to the customers.
3. Managing the warehouse and conveyors – The conveyors and the warehouse needs to be managed so that there will be no shortage of materials and the customers will get the products that they demand. The drive through process is completed.

• Retail stores functioning

1. Storing stocks – The products that the super market will deliver to the customers are stored and stocked such that customers get the products every time they want to buy the product.
2. Preparation of stocks transfer from warehouse to conveyors – Stocks need to be transferred from warehouse to conveyors. This can be done by appointing a separate team who will carry the products from warehouse to conveyor. Another way of stock transfer is through conveyor belt however, this process will be costly. Setting of the conveyor belt demands for continuous maintenance.
3. Developing order system – Order system involves placing order by a particular customer and processing cost of the product.
4. Developing billing system – Billing system is the process by which the processed cost of the product is handed to the customer. In other words, the bill of the products are given to the customers and the customers pay necessary amount.

• Electrical and Construction activities

1. Preparing power supply connections – Power supply is necessary for functioning of the conveyor, maintenance of warehouse and so on. Therefore, power supply connections should be prepared properly to provide continuous power supply to them.
2. Establishing motors and electrical components – Motors will be required to run the conveyor belt and other electrical components will be required to light the warehouse as well the pathway to the super market.
3. Assigning separate team for functioning of the components – Separate teams should be assigned different functions of the components so that they can divide the work among stakeholders and the responsibilities are not on a single person.
4. Assigning technicians and human resources – Technicians and human resources should be assigned for maintenance of motors and the electrical components that are required for the project.

(d) Project closure phase:

It is the last phase of the project and consists of the following activities:

• Project Documentation – After completion of other phases of the project, it should be documented.
• Learnings gained – At the closure of the project, the knowledge and the learnings gained from the processes should be noted. This will help to deal with future projects correctly.
• Stakeholders releasing – The stakeholders like laborers, hired civil and electrical engineers should be released by paying the correct amount that they deserve. This is an important part before the closure of the project.
• Resource releasing – Releasing the resources is done by paying the exact amount of money to the manufacturers for the materials that they have bought.

1. Determining the dependencies and the sequence of activities:

Activity	Dependencies	Sequence
Initiation Phase		1.1
Market Analysis	Business Analysis	1.1.2
Land Finding	Business Analysis	1.1.3
Negotiation on land acquisition	Market Analysis, Land finding	1.1.4
Analyzing market target	Market Analysis	1.1.5
Scope Identification	Market Analysis	1.1.6
Planning Phase		1.2
Objectives	Analyzing market target, Scope identification	1.2.1
Scope	Scope Identification, Objectives	1.2.2
Resources	Scope Identification	1.2.3
Budget	Scope Identification	1.2.4
Timeline	Scope, Resources ad Budget	1.2.5
Contractors	Budget	1.2.6
Donors	Budget	1.2.7
Contingency plan	Budget	1.2.8
Project Draft	Timeline	1.2.9
Draft Approval	Contractors	1.2.10
Execution Phase		1.3
Land Approvals	Depends on the completion of initial planning and starting work.	1.3.1
Site Planning		1.3.2
Engineering designs	Land Approvals	1.3.2.1
Engineering Resources	Land Approvals	1.3.2.2
Construction Materials	Engineering Designs	1.3.2.3
Resource Transportations	Engineering Designs	1.3.2.4
Safety Measures	Resource Transportation	1.3.2.5
Stakeholder assigning	Safety measures	1.3.3
Informing stakeholders to execute projects	Stakeholder assigning	1.3.4
Land is ready for construction	Depends on informing the stakeholders to execute project.	1.3.5
Warehouse Management		1.3.6
Stock requirement analysis	Can be started after the land is ready for construction	1.3.6.1
Establishment of the pathways	Stock requirement analysis	1.3.6.2
Establishing conveyors	Establishment of the pathways	1.3.6.3
Engineering Modification	Establishing conveyors	1.3.6.4
Warehouse Facility completion	Engineering Modification	1.3.7
Drive through		1.3.8
Designing pathways for vehicles	Completion of the warehouse facility	1.3.8.1
Establishing conveyors platform	Depends on designing pathways for vehicles	1.3.8.2
Managing warehouse and conveyors	Establishing conveyors platform	1.3.8.3
Completing Drive through	Managing warehouse and conveyors	1.3.9
Retail stores functioning		1.3.10
Storing stocks	Depends on completing the drive through	1.3.10.1
Preparation of stocks transfer from warehouse to conveyors	Storing stocks	1.3.10.2
Developing Order system	Preparation of stocks transfer from warehouse to conveyors	1.3.10.3
Developing billing system	Developing order system	1.3.10.4
Retail store completion	Developing billing system	1.3.11
Electrical and construction activities		1.3.12
Preparing power supply connections	Retail store completion	1.3.12.1
Establishing motors and electrical components	Preparing power supply connections	1.3.12.2
Assigning separate team for functioning of the components	Establishing motors and electrical components	1.3.12.3
Assigning technicians and human resources	Assigning separate team for functioning of the components	1.3.12.4
Delivering electrical and other works successfully	Assigning technicians and human resources	1.3.12.5
Project Closure Phase		1.4
Project documentation	Delivering electrical and other works successfully	1.4.1
Learnings gained	Project Documentation	1.4.2
Stakeholder releasing	Learnings gained	1.4.3
Resource releasing	Stakeholder releasing	1.4.4
Opening ceremony	Resource releasing	1.4.5

1. Resource Requirements:

Activity	Resources Required	Clarification
Initiation Phase
Business Analysis	Business Analyst	The business analyst takes care of the project businesses
Market Analysis	Market Analyst	Special positions are assigned to people to analyze the market trends and targets
Land Finding	Civil engineer and Project Manager	Civil engineers has the best knowledge about land that will be suitable for concerned project. The project manager also needs to be involved in this process.
Negotiation on land acquisition	Business Analyst, Civil engineer, Project heads and Project Manager	To deal with government policies and regulations all the mentioned resources are required. The project head and the project managers are required to involve in all the decision-making processes.
Analyzing market target	Business Analyst, Civil engineer, Project heads and Project Manager	Business analysts analyze the market targets.
Scope Identification	Civil engineer, Project heads and Project Manager	The scope of the project is analyzed by authorities that control the projects and the civil engineer who is the main person for the construction project.
Planning Phase
Objectives	Civil engineer, electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	The objectives of the project are set by civil engineers, electrical engineers, market analysts and the project heads.
Scope	Civil engineer, electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	Same goes for the scope of the project. Civil engineers are the main builders of the project.
Resources	Civil engineer, electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	The resources that will be required to develop the project will be determined by all the mentioned resources.
Budget	Civil engineer, electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	The project managers will fix the budget of the project.
Timeline	Civil engineer, electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	The division of the project and preparation of the timeline will be performed by the project managers and various engineers.
Contractors	Civil engineer, electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	The main stakeholders of the project determine contractors.
Donors	Project Head and Project Manager	The donors that will make investments in the project are determined by the project stakeholders like project manager and project head.
Contingency plan	Project Head and Project Manager	The risks of the project will be mitigated by the project head and the managers
Project Draft	Project Head and Project Manager	The draft of the project is prepared by the main stakeholders of the project.
Draft Approval	Project Head and Project Manager	The draft approval is the vital part of the project and needs to be done by the managers and the heads.
Execution Phase
Land Approvals	Business Analyst, Market Analyst, Project Head, Project Manager and Transportation	Land approval should also be performed after finding the appropriate land that is perfectly suitable for the project. Therefore, land approval is a vital part and needs to be approved by specialists.
Site Planning
Engineering designs	Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Miscellaneous materials and Project Manager	The architectural design is mainly performed by the civil engineer and the power supply connections are done by the electrical engineers.
Engineering Resources	Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Miscellaneous materials and Project Manager	The engineering resources are also demanded by the civil and electrical engineers. Apart from these resources, miscellaneous resources are also that are determined by the project manager.
Construction Materials	Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Miscellaneous materials and Project Manager	The construction of Drive through super market requires constructing the pathway. The materials that will be required are identified by civil engineers. The electrical components and motors required are identified by electrical engineers.
Resource Transportations	Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Miscellaneous materials and Project Manager	The transportation of the materials will be identified by the civil and electrical engineers and the project managers.
Safety Measures	Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Miscellaneous materials and Project Manager	The safety of human labours are determined by civil and electrical engineers.
Stakeholder assigning	Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Miscellaneous materials and Project Manager	Determination of proper stakeholders are determined by the mentioned resources.
Informing stakeholders to execute projects	Project Heads and Project Managers	After assigning stakeholders, the project head and the project managers are informed for the start of the project.
Land is ready for construction
Warehouse Management
Stock requirement analysis	Business Analyst, Market Analyst, Project heads and Project manager	Warehouse management is done by the business analyst who analyses the stock requirement of the project.
Establishment of the pathways	Civil engineer, Construction Materials, Construction resources, Electrical Engineer, Miscellaneous Materials, Project Manager, Transportation	The pathway for drive through super market will be constructed using the construction materials by the civil engineers and electrical engineers.
Establishing conveyors	Civil engineer, Construction Materials, Construction resources, Electrical Engineer, Miscellaneous Materials, Project Manager, Transportation	The conveyor for drive through super market will be constructed using the construction materials by the civil engineers and electrical engineers.
Engineering Modification	Civil engineer, Construction Materials, Construction resources, Electrical Engineer, Miscellaneous Materials, Project Manager, Transportation	The modification in architectural design can only be performed with the help of construction materials, miscellaneous materials by civil and electrical engineers. The project manager is involved in almost all the actions of the project.
Warehouse Facility completion
Drive through
Designing pathways for vehicles	Civil engineer, Construction resources, Project manager and Transportation	The pathway for drive through super market will be constructed using the construction materials by the civil engineers and electrical engineers.
Establishing conveyors platform	Civil engineer, Construction resources, Project manager and Transportation	The conveyor for drive through super market will be constructed using the construction materials by the civil engineers and electrical engineers.
Managing warehouse and conveyors	Civil engineer, Construction resources, Project manager and Transportation	The warehouse manager manages the warehouse and the conveyor.
Completing Drive through
Retail stores functioning
Storing stocks	Business Analyst, Project heads and Project manager	The stocks including the stocks of raw materials and products are stored by the managers.
Preparation of stocks transfer from warehouse to conveyors	Human Labours, Business Analyst, Market Analyst, Project Head, Project Manager and Transportation	Stocks are transferred from warehouse to conveyors by human labourers guided by business and market analysts, project head and project manager.
Developing Order system	Market Analyst, Project head, Project manager and software engineer	The order system will be developed by software engineers.
Developing billing system	Market Analyst, Project head, Project manager and software engineer	The billing system will also be developed by software engineers.
Retail store completion
Electrical and construction activities
Preparing power supply connections	Construction materials, construction resources, electrical engineer and miscellaneous materials	The power supply connections will be mainly designed by the electrical engineers.
Establishing motors and electrical components	Construction materials, construction resources, electrical engineer,  miscellaneous materials, Project Manager and Transportation	Electrical and construction activities are mainly done by the electrical engineers. Construction and miscellaneous materials are required for the construction purpose. The project manager guides the engineers in this process.
Assigning separate team for functioning of the components	Business Analyst, Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Project head and Project Manager	The tasks are divided among various stakeholders by forming a team.
Assigning technicians and human resources	Business Analyst, Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Project head and Project Manager	The mentioned activity is performed by the analysts, civil and electrical engineers, project head and the project manager.
Delivering electrical and other works successfully
Project Closure Phase
Project documentation	Business Analyst, Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Manager and Software engineer	The project documentation is performed by the analysts, civil and electrical engineers, project head and the project manager.
Learnings gained	Business Analyst, Civil engineer, Electrical engineer, Market Analyst, Project Manager and Software engineer	The learnings or the knowledge from the project is gained by the business analyst, engineers and the project manager.
Stakeholder releasing	Business Analyst, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	This activity can be mainly performed by the project head and the managers. However, the business and the market analyst is also involved in this process.
Resource releasing	Business Analyst, Market Analyst, Project Head and Project Manager	This activity can be mainly performed by the project head and the managers. However, the business and the market analyst is also involved in this process.
Opening ceremony

1. Duration of each activity:

Outline Number	Task Name	Duration
1	Drive Through Super Market	261 days
1.1	First phase: Initiation	9 days
1.1.1	Business Analysis	3 days
1.1.2	Market Analysis	3 days
1.1.3	Land finding	2 days
1.1.4	Negotiation on Land acquisition	3 days
1.1.5	Anlaysing market target	3 days
1.1.6	Scope Identification	2 days
1.2	Second Phase: Planning	7 days
1.2.1	Objectives	2 days
1.2.2	Scope	2 days
1.2.3	Resources	1 day
1.2.4	Budget	2 days
1.2.5	Timeline	1 day
1.2.6	Contractors	2 days
1.2.7	Donors	1 day
1.2.8	contingency plan	1 day
1.2.9	project draft	1 day
1.2.10	draft approval	1 day
1.2.11	M1: Completing initial planning and starting work	0 days
1.3	Third Phase: Execution	218 days
1.3.1	Land approvals	3 days
1.3.2	Site planning	6 days
1.3.2.1	Engineering designs	2 days
1.3.2.2	Engineering resources	2 days
1.3.2.3	Construction materials	3 days
1.3.2.4	Resource transportations	2 days
1.3.2.5	Safety measures	2 days
1.3.3	Stakeholder assigning	2 days
1.3.4	informing stakeholders to execute project	1 day
1.3.5	M2: Land ready for construction	0 days
1.3.6	Warehouse management	63 days
1.3.6.1	stock requirement analysis	16 days
1.3.6.2	establishment of the pathways	14 days
1.3.6.3	establishing conveyors	16 days
1.3.6.4	Engineering modification	17 days
1.3.7	M3: warehouse facility completion	0 days
1.3.8	Drive through	66 days
1.3.8.1	Designing pathways for vehicles	30 days
1.3.8.2	Establishing conveyors platform	19 days
1.3.8.3	Managing the warehouse and conveyors	17 days
1.3.9	M4: completing drive through	0 days
1.3.10	Retail stores functioning	66 days
1.3.10.1	Storing stocks	15 days
1.3.10.2	Preparation of stocks transfer from warehouse to conveyors	20 days
1.3.10.3	Developing Order System	17 days
1.3.10.4	Developing Billing System	14 days
1.3.11	M5: Retail store completion	0 days
1.3.12	Electrical and construction activities	11 days
1.3.12.1	preparing power supply connections	2 days
1.3.12.2	Establishing motors and electrical components	2 days
1.3.12.3	Assigning separate team for functioning of the components	5 days
1.3.12.4	Assigning technicians and human resources	2 days
1.3.12.5	M6: Delivering electrical and other works successfully	0 days
1.4	Fourth Phase: Project Closure	32 days
1.4.1	Project Documentation	11 days
1.4.2	Learnings gained	7 days
1.4.3	stakeholder releasing	8 days
1.4.4	resource releasing	6 days
1.4.5	M7: Opening ceremony	0 days

From the above table it can be said that the total time that will be required for the completion of the project is 261 days. As per the work breakdown structure the project will commence on 31^st December, 2019 if the project will start on 1^st January, 2019.

Resource Profile and over allocated resources:

Human Resources	Name	Phone Number	Resource Over allocation
Business Analyst	David Gin	(02) 7010 1111	Over allocated
Market Analyst	Laura Herman	(03) 7010 5678
Civil Engineer	William Phillips	(07) 5551 5678
Electrical Engineer	Noah Smith	(02) 9876 5432
Software Engineer	Oliver Bishop	(07) 9577 3265
Project Head	Olivia Roberts	(02) 5553 5895	Over allocated
Project Manager	Ava Hansmeier	(07) 7010 1121	Over allocated
Contractor	Amelia Bratt	(03) 9875 3568	Over allocated

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