In this paper, we found a solution for water wastage in home by using ARDUINO UNO. Here, the water arrival intimation will be given by GSM via SMS. The tank level can be monitored through the application and can be switch ON/OFF the motor by Application via IOT . When the Sump reached maximum level, automatically the tap will be closed by the Solenoid Valve. For fetching the tank level and sump level information we use the Ultrasonic and High sensitivity water sensor.
we can able to monitor, and control the levels of water, so that the wastage of water can be prevented.
According to the current scenario, a huge amount of water is been wasted from residential areas, offices and hospitals by lack of management . Water is the basic nee d for every living things but nowadays people are wasting the water in the lathogic manner and this will lead to water scarcity in the future . In day today life everybody has overhead tank at their homes and sump for storing extra water for their use .
Our main aim is to reduce the manwork and must able to monitor, control the things through application. Since we can able to control the things by using smartphones, we can able to prevent the overflow of the tank. In the emerging world, both men and women are working and we don’t know the water arrival time or we can’t get any intimation of water arriving. In this system we using GSM connected with controller will give the information of water arrival time via SMS.
After getting the information the user can abl e to monitor the level of tank in their house by using the mobile application which is been connected via internet. An working Ultrasonic sensor is been placed in the overhead tank to detect the water level. The collected information will be sent to the a pplication by Wi -Fi module(IoT), Then the user can able switch ON the motor through the application. After pumping the water to tanks from the sump, the motor can be switch OFF through the application. When the sump reached the maximum level, the water sen sor will sense the information and it will be close the solenoid valve automatically, which is placed in the water tap. In this system, the Arduino uno act as the main heart in which every signal of water sensor, ultrasonic sensor, solenoid valve, motor, G SM, Wi -fi module is been controlled by it. Here the manual work is completely reduced. We can able to control and monitor within our hands and wherever we can .
The Arduino UNO is an open -source microcontroller board based on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc . The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits The board has 14 Di gital pins, 6 Analog pins, an d programmable with the Arduino via a type B USB cable. It can be powered by a USB cable or by an external 9 volt battery, though it accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts. It is also similar to the Arduino Nano and Leonardo. The Arduino/Genuino Uno has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer, another Arduino/Genuino board, or other microcontrollers. The ATmega328 provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication, which is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). An ATmega16U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USB and appears as a virtual com port to software on the computer. The 16U2 firmware uses the standard USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, on Windows, a .inf file i s required. The Arduino Software (IDE) includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to be sent to and from the board. The RX and TX LEDs on the board will flash when data is being transmitted via the USB -to-serial chip and USB connection to t he computer.
The ESP8266 is a low -cost Wi -Fi microchip with full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capability produced by manufacturer Espress if Systems in Shanghai, China. The chip first came to the attention of western makers in August 2014 with the ESP -01 module, made by a third -party manufacturer Ai -Thinker. This small module allows microcontrollers to connect to a Wi -Fi network and make simple TCP/IP connections using Hayes -style commands. Processor: L106 32 -bit microprocessor core based on the Tensilica Xtensa Diamond Standard 106Micro running at 80 MHz
Memory:
External QSPI flash: up to 16 MiB is supported (512 KiB to 4 MiB typ ically included)
IEEE 802.11 b/g/n Wi -Fi
GSM is a cellular network , which means that cell phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. There are five different cell sizes in a GSM network macro , micro , pico , femto , and umbrella cells . The coverage area of each cell varies according to the implementation environment. Macro cells can be rega rded as cells where the base station antenna is installed on a mast or a building above average rooftop level. Micro cells are cells whose antenna height is under average rooftop level; they are typically used in urban areas. Picocells are small cells whos e coverage diameter is a few dozen meters; they are mainly used indoors. Femtocells are cells designed for use in residential or small business environments and connect to the service provider’s network via a broadband internet connection. Umbrella cells a re used to cover shadowed regions of smaller cells and fill in gaps in coverage between those cells.
Electric submersible pumps are multistage centrifugal pumps operating in a vertical position. Liquids, accelerated by the impeller, lose their kinetic energy in the diffuser where a conversion of kinetic to pressure energy takes place. This is the main operational mechanism of radial and mixed flow pumps. The pump shaft is connected to the gas separator or the protector by a mechanical coupling at the bottom of the pump. Fluids enter the pump through an intake screen and are lifted by the pump stages. Other parts include the radial bearings (bushings) distributed along the length of the shaft providing radial support to the pu mp shaft. An optional thrust bearing takes up part of the axial forces arising in the pump but most of those forces are absorbed by the protector’s thrust bearing.
A solenoid valve is an electromechanical device in which the solenoid uses an electric current to generate a magnetic field and thereby operate a mechanism which regulates the opening of fluid flow in a valve . Solenoid valves differ in the characteristics of the electric current they use, the strength of the m agnetic field they generate, the mechanism they use to regulate the fluid, and the type and characteristics of fluid they control. The mechanism varies from linear action, plunger -type actuators to pivoted -armature actuators and rocker actuators. The valve can use a two -port design to regulate a flow or use a three or more port design to switch flows between ports. Multiple solenoid valves can be placed together on a manifold.
Ultrasonic sensors are a type of acoustic sensor divided into three broad categories: transmitters, receivers and transceivers. Transmitters convert electrical signals into ultrasound , receivers convert ultrasound into electrical signals, and transceivers can both transmit and receive ultrasound. Ultrasound can also be used to make point -to-point distance measurements by transmitting and receiving discrete bursts of ultrasound between transducers. This known as Sonomicrometry where transit -time of the ultrasound signal is meas ured electronically and converted mathematically to the distance between transducers assuming the speed of sound of the medium between the transducers is known. This method can be very precise in terms of temporal and spatial resolution because the time -of-flight measurement can be derived from tracking the same incident (received) waveform either by reference level or zero crossing. This enables the measurement resolution to far exceed the wavelength of the sound frequency generated by the transducers.
Water sensor brick is designed for water detection, which can be widely used in sensing the rainfall, water level, even the liquate leakage. The brick is mainly comprised of three parts: An Electronic brick connector, a 1 M? resistor, and several lines of bare conducting wires. This sensor works by having a series of exposed traces connected to ground and interlaced between the grounded traces are the sens e traces. The sensor traces have a weak pull -up resistor of 1 M?. The resistor wil l pull the sensor trace value high until a drop of water shorts the sensor trace to the grounded trace. This item can judge the water level through with a series of exposed parallel wires stitch to measure the water droplet/water size. This High Sensitivit y Water Sensor can easily change the water size to analog signal, and output analog value can directly be used in the program function, then to achieve the function of water level alarm. This item have low power consumption, and high sensitivity, which are the biggest characteristics of this module.
A relay is an electrically operated switch . Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid -state relays . Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low -power signal, or where several circuits must be controlle d by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal coming in from one circuit and re -transmitt ed it on another circuit. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operati ons.
The High Senstivity Water Sensor will sense the information when the Water arrived. The awater sensor will be placed in the water tap. So that the when the water arrives it will be sense the information The sensed Information will be readed by Arduino analog pin(A1) and it will be activat e the signal pin of GSM which is connected to the Arduino Digital pin(4). Now the GSM will be activated and the SMS will be sent to the user. Thus the user will be get the water arrived information.
Now we can able to monit or the tank level through application. The Ultrasonic sensor which is placed in the tank will measure the level of the water tank and will send the information to th e Arduino via Esp826 6 Wi -Fi module. The measured level will be displayed in the Application . To monitor the tank level through application we must have an high constant internet connection. If there is no constant inter connection then we cannot able to fetch the details
After monitoring the tank level we can able to switch ON the motor through Application. In the Application we will be having the ON/OFF button. By this we can able to Switch ON/OFF the motor t hrough the application. The signal will be pass through the Ardunio via Esp8266 an the motor will do the operation accordingly.
Finally, the water sensor which is placed in the sump will be sense the data while the sump reached the maximum level.
The information will be read by the Arduino and will give the signal to the solenoid valve output pin which is been presented in the Ardu ino. After getting the signal the solenoid valve which Is placed in the Water tap will be closed automatically.
Thus the overflow of water can be prevented.
The main objective is to prevent the wastage of wate r and also to reduce the man work. Here we can get the water arrival information through the sms. We can also able to monitor the tank level and control motor. When the sump reached the maximum level the solenoid valve which is been placed in the water tap will be closed automatically. Thus the over flow of water in the sump and the tank will be prevented. Future work, can be add smart billing system for water by using flow sensor through online. By using the flow sensor we can able to detect the amount of water consumed and accordingly we may pay the water bill through the Application.
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