Socioeconomic And Psychological Factors Affecting Domestic Violence: An Examination

The Domestic Violence Cycle

Evidences about the increasing incidences of domestic abuse in the nation of Australia have made it a concern for the government about the safety of its citizens. Family, sexual as well as domestic violence have become the main contributors of different health and welfare issues in the nation. It is found to be occurring almost among all cohorts, demographic and even socioeconomic groups and is seen to bring more negative effects on the children and the women of the nation (Roberts, Chamberlain & Delfaro, 2015). Researchers are of the opinion that indigenous women, pregnant women and young women mostly remain exposed to the risks of being victimized. Interesting data provided by the Australian Bureau of statistics in the year 2013 have stated that one in every three women in the nation have already experienced sexual as well as physical violence that has been perpetrated by someone known to them. Over 12 months on average, their current as well as former partner kills one woman every week (Mulayim et al., 2016). Many of the studies have also found that domestic and family violence had been the principal causes for the homelessness for women and even their children. In the nation of Australia, one in four children is seen to be exposed to domestic violence. This essay will mainly try to research over the different socioeconomic causes as well as psychological issues that result in domestic abuse cases in the nation.

The domestic violence cycle is one of the most important psychological factors that results in increasing the chance of an individual abusing family members of the spouse. Researchers are of the opinion that this cycle is continuous as well as the never ending until th cycle of the violence is broken. The circle is believed to start in the childhood time where the different abuse are either witnessed by the children or who themselves are abused (McPhedron et al., 2017). Such individuals have the highest chance to become the abusers in their future, as they tend to accept it psychologically that this is the common way of behavior. They tend to believe that this is the natural way of behaving and that is accepted. This makes them start a new cycle where they tend to abuse family members and in these ways, the victims become the perpetrators resulting in the continuance of the cycle. Studies have suggested that after the first explosion, the cycle of violence tends to continue, this cause in the gradual escalation of the levels of abuse, and this makes situations more tragic generations after generations.

Many men are seen to hold on to a particular psychology about the concept of masculinity. They are of the opinion that a “real man’ should be enough tough, powerful and that they should be the head of the household. They want to take the entire control of the house and of the members in the house and should make most of the decisions along with the monetary decisions and many others (Brown & James, 2014). Therefore, when such individuals with his form of psychology observes any particular aspect not followed accordingly or that any other members not following him or others, they tend to abuse the members of the family that often take the shape of domestic violence.

Psychology of Masculinity and Control

Mental health conditions are also seen to contribute to the occurrence of domestic violence in the different household arenas. Often different types of mental disorders might affect the life of many individuals. This may range from the schizophrenia, mood disorders, mulyiple personality disorders as well as bipolar disorders. In most of the cases, the mental health patients are seen to be now aware that their actions are leading to violence on their caregivers or on their partners, spouses and family members (Phillips & Vandenboerk, 2014). In some of the other cases, it is the effects of the symptoms that make them lose the control on their own self and tend to harm the family members as well as their partners or spouse. Therefore, mental health conditions that result the perpetrators to be abusive to their family members are not voluntary and tends to be the outcomes of the ill mental condition. Therefore, the nursing professionals while caring for the victims of such domestic violence, they also need to assess the severity of the mental health issues of the perpetrators and accordingly refer them to experts in order to help the perpetrators overcome such mental health issues in life and thereby lead better quality lives.

Often surveys and interviews taken regarding the topic of domestic violence had stated that jealousy, envy, anger and similar factors often lead to occurrence of domestic violence in different houses. In situations of overtly ambitious couples, family members, friends and many others, success of one by overriding the chances of the other in similar or other domains of employment, academic life, financial power and the others lead to the development of insecurity and inferiority complex (Woodlock, 2017). What starts as an argument might often leads to serious situations of disappointment and obsession and this in the end can a result in abuse on the partners or the family members of the friends who are succeeding better in comparison to the perpetrators. In many cases, the latter are seen doing this to abrupt the quality life of the victims, destroy their mental stability and many others in order to affect their professionals lives. This is seen to destroy not only relationships about also affects the other family members who are closely associated with this (Parkinson, 2017).

Different types of socioeconomic factors also play important role in the occurrence of the domestic abuse in the nation. One of the most common social causes that results in domestic violence is the cultural traditions that are followed by many people that hold the position of the women as the second level of class in the society. There are many cultures where the women are considered as inferiors in the family where the males practice the powers and pomp (Theobald et al., 2017). Clear distinctions are made between the actions of the males and females and the latter are not allowed to conduct any actions are not permitted by the males. Such cultural traditions inevitably increase the chances of domestic violence in the families as well as between the members. An interesting fact that that had been observed in such situations is that the females practicing such cultural traditions have accepted it and rarely do they try to protest against the customs. They are indeed seen to support the customs and would never report to the judiciary systems (Roberts, 2018). Many of them get so used to this, that they start believing it to be the part of their regular lives and tend to take it as daily happening. Lack of reporting about the domestic abuse cases had been primarily the reasons where the females are fearful of the consequences as they might feel, concerned about the loss of financial support that they would need to live.

Mental Health and Domestic Violence

Another important socio-economic factor that also causes cases of domestic abuse is the lack of employment and issue in financial maintenance. It has been seen that in men who has lost their jobs or those who have remain unemployed for a long time are more prone to abuse their partners. It has been seen that lack of employment results in financial insecurity which affects the quality of living of the families and impedes the capability of the families to have the minimum resources required for beings to live (Costa et al., 2015). It is seen that lack of employment creates not only financial issues but severe mental stress among the members. Whereas the earning male of the family suffers from frustration, stress, disappointment, agitation and others the females of the family also suffers from insecurity and tends to become nervous. Tensions and arguments follow which create distress in the family along with various types of abuses conducted by the perpetrators. Therefore, loss of jobs and financial insecurity creates situations for domestic violence (Mayer, 2017).

Moreover, another form of issue that is also seen to create stress among the perpetrators is the excessive stress, pressure and workload from the working organizations. Often they are forced to conduct more than they can perform and this creates anxiety and nervousness among the individuals once they fail to meet the objectives of goals set for them, they might have to go through humiliations and comparisons at the workplace that affect their self esteem and confidence (Wijenayake et al., 2018). Repeated occurrences of such issues result them to go through stressful periods for a long time. This stress when becomes unbearable, it tends to affect the relationships. Males can no longer carry out with such frustrations and they tend to abuse their victims. This anger and frustrations are not the outcome of a single day but the accumulation of workplace incidences taking over a long period. Perpetrators often ted to take up alcohol and others forms of substance abuse that adds to the strenuous situations making domestic violence more inevitable (Dragiewicz & Burgess, 2016).

Another form of domestic abuse is seen to be occurring to patients. In many cases, the caregivers are seen to care for [patients who are disabled or mentally ill patients or are suffered of dementia, Parkinson’s diseases as well as Alzheimer’s’ diseases. Such caregivers are seen to go through burnouts where they have physical issues like backache, headaches, shoulder pain, body aches and many others due to their strenuous working schedules (Packard & Fuller, 2018). Moreover, they also tend to have emotional turmoil as they feel socially excluded as they cannot take part in many social activities. The mental, physical and emotional stress continues to build for long until it is released out in the form of hurting or abusing the patients. This form of domestic abuse is becoming quite common nowadays with the victims mainly belonging to the going cohort where chronic disorders, aging disorders and many other ailments are becoming more common (Cooper, 2016).

Conclusion:

From the above discussions, it becomes common that domestic violence is one of the leading concerns in the nation of Australia and the statistics support this data as well. Moreover, it was seen that large number of psychological factors attributes to such cases of domestic violence. These are mental health disorders, personality issues as well as domestic violence cycle. Others are the socio-economic causes like that of the cultural traditions, lack of employment, alcohol issues, stress developed from job, caregiver stress and many others. Therefore, it is extremely important for the healthcare professionals to understand the factors that are affecting their domestic abuse patients and accordingly try to develop interventions for that. 

References:

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