Part a Revenue budget 2018 |
||
Particulars |
Amounts |
|
Number of units sold |
2000 |
|
selling price per unit |
$ 800.00 |
|
Total Sales Revenue |
$ 16,00,000.00 |
|
Part b |
Production Budget in units |
|
Particulars |
Amounts |
Expected Sales |
2000 |
Add: Closing Stock of desk |
300 |
Less: Opening Stock of Desk |
-200 |
Units required to be produced |
2100 |
Part c
Direct material usage and purchase budget |
|
Direct material usage |
Quantity |
No. of desks |
2100 |
Square meters per desk |
3 |
No. of Legs per desk |
4 |
Direct material usage |
Oaks tops |
Oaks Legs |
Direct material requirement |
6300 |
8400 |
(2100*3) |
(2100*4) |
Purchase Budget |
||
Oaks tops |
Oaks Legs |
|
Direct material usage |
6300 |
8400 |
Add: Closing Raw Material Inventory |
24 |
80 |
Material Required |
6324 |
8480 |
Less: Opening Raw Material Inventory |
-40 |
-100 |
Required Purchases |
6284 |
8380 |
Part d
Direct Manufacturing Labour budget |
|
Particulars |
Amounts |
Number of desks required |
2100 |
Number of hours required per desk |
3 |
Total hours required |
6300 |
Rate per hour |
$ 20.00 |
Total Labour cost |
$ 1,26,000.00 |
Part e Manufacturing overhead budget |
|
Particulars |
Amounts |
Number of desks to be produced |
2100 |
Variable manufacturing cost (2100*20*3) |
$ 1,26,000.00 |
Fixed manufacturing cost |
$ 50,000.00 |
Total manufacturing overhead |
$ 1,76,000.00 |
Part f
Manufacturing overhead rate |
|
Particulars |
Amounts |
Total manufacturing overhead |
$ 1,76,000.00 |
Total hours required |
6300 |
Manufacturing overhead rate per hour |
$ 27.94 |
Part g
Manufacturing overhead cost per unit in 2018 |
|
Total manufacturing overhead |
$ 1,76,000.00 |
Number of desks to be produced |
2100 |
Manufacturing overhead cost for output |
$ 83.81 |
Part h
Value of closing stock unit |
||
Direct Material: |
Unit cost |
|
Oak Tops (120*3) |
360 |
|
Oak Legs (7*4) |
28 |
$ 388.00 |
Direct Labour (55*3) |
$ 165.00 |
|
Manufacturing overhead |
$ 83.81 |
|
Value of closing stock unit |
$ 636.81 |
Closing Inventory budget |
|||
Direct Material Inventory |
Units |
Rate |
Amount |
Oak Tops |
24 |
$ 120.00 |
$ 2,880.00 |
Oak Legs |
80 |
$ 7.00 |
$ 560.00 |
Finished Goods Inventory |
|||
Desks |
300 |
$ 636.81 |
$ 1,91,042.86 |
Part j
Cost of Goods Sold
Oaks tops |
Oaks Legs |
Total |
||
Opening Finished goods inventory |
$ 80,000.00 |
|||
Add |
Direct Material |
|||
Opening Stock |
$ 4,000.00 |
$ 500.00 |
||
Add: Direct Material Purchases |
$ 7,54,080.00 |
$ 58,660.00 |
||
Cost of direct material available |
$ 7,58,080.00 |
$ 59,160.00 |
||
Less: Closing Stock |
$ 2,880.00 |
$ 560.00 |
||
Cost of direct material in production |
$ 7,55,200.00 |
$ 58,600.00 |
$ 8,13,800.00 |
|
Add |
Direct Labour |
$ 3,46,500.00 |
||
Add |
Manufacturing cost |
|||
Variable |
$ 1,26,000.00 |
|||
Fixed |
$ 50,000.00 |
$ 1,76,000.00 |
||
Less |
Closing Inventory |
$ 1,91,042.86 |
||
Cost of goods sold |
1225257.143 |
Part k
Income Statement’ |
|
Revenue from Sales |
$ 16,00,000.00 |
Cost of Goods Sold |
$ 12,25,257.14 |
Gross profit |
$ 3,74,742.86 |
Marketing costs (20*100) |
$ 2,000.00 |
Non-Manufacturing cost |
$ 10,000.00 |
Net Profit |
$ 3,62,742.86 |
Part l
Balance Sheet |
|
Assets |
Amount |
Current Assets |
|
Cash |
$ 3,82,742.86 |
Inventory |
$ 1,94,482.86 |
Non-Current Assets |
|
Property Plant Equipment |
$ 5,50,000.00 |
Total |
$ 11,27,225.71 |
Liabilities |
|
Current Liabilities |
$ 30,000.00 |
Non-Current Liabilities |
$ 59,340.00 |
Suspense account |
$ 25,142.00 |
Equity |
$ 10,12,742.86 |
Total |
$ 11,27,224.86 |
To: Managing Director, Exhibition Furniture
From: Management Accountant
Re: Strategies for cost reduction
Date: 10-02-2018
The budgeting process that has been carried above for the exhibition furniture has determined the estimated amount of profit that will be achieved by the firm, if everything goes according to the budgeted plans. However, the estimated profits and sales could be increased if successful strategies are implemented. The firm must offer various kinds of discounts and other offers on the sale of furniture products so that it can attract wide customer base. Also, the profitability can be increased by adopting possible methods of cost control and cost reduction. Instead of using the manual labour force, the firm must implement machines for the manufacturing of desk so that it can enhance the firm’s productivity. The use of machine capital in place of labour capital will also reduce the training and staffing cost of the company to a certain extent. The firm must also take its business on the electronic mode so that wide range of potential customers can be generated. Further, the firm must adopt various strategic management accounting initiatives to improve its overall profitability from the sales. Management accounting has introduced advanced level of techniques and tools such as Activity based costing, just in time technique, cost volume profit analysis, balanced scorecard, Kaizen costing etc. (Bromwich, and Bhimani, 2005). Employment of such techniques in the business will allow the furniture firm to manage its cost appropriately. Activity based costing technique will enable the firm to determine the accurate cost involved in the manufacturing of desks and other furniture products. The better cost allocation will allow the firm to determine the appropriate selling price of the furniture products so that reasonable profits could be generated. Moreover, the firm must strive to bring uniqueness to its products so that it can gain competitive advantage over the rival firms of the industry. The method of depreciation must also be examined to check its appropriateness for the business of the exhibition furniture. If the method is not reasonably correct as per the situation of business, the firm must try to change the depreciation method so as to reduce its fixed cost. Also the application of just in time technique will help the business to maintain an adequate level of inventory that is necessary for the successful operation of the business and that will avoid the excessive cost of blocking unnecessary funds in holding the inventory. Also, it will help the business to meet the unexpected demands of the customers in specific situations. These techniques will certainly help the business to manage its costs and improve its overall profitability (Horngren, Bhimani, Datar, Foster and Horngren, 2002).
References:
Bromwich, M. and Bhimani, A., 2005. Management accounting: Pathways to progress. Cima publishing.
Horngren, C.T., Bhimani, A., Datar, S.M., Foster, G. and Horngren, C.T., 2002. Management and cost accounting. Harlow: Financial Times/Prentice Hall.
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