Sustainability reflects a concept of future improvement by increasing cultural and social aspects of the specific country. Sustainability is important because it is a key to stable growing economy. Thus, in context of tourism, it ensures that people or tourists in Australia are able to get a pollution free environment in their holidays. In this study, Bondi Beach has been chosen to understand the problem of sustainable development. Issues related to sustainability in tourism sector have been elaborated along with sustainable factors like social, economic and environmental aspects. In this study, the measurement and development of sustainable tourism in Bondi beach has been discussed.
The thesis statement of study is to analyse importance of tourism in context of Bondi beach in Australia.
According to Cheng & Wu (2015), sustainability is way of removing harmful elements from environment as people can lead their lives in a healthy manner. In context of tourism, it is necessary to reduce pollution of society to sustain business related to tourism industry. Bondi beach is one the most beautiful place that is situated in eastern side of Sydney in Australia. The most attracted items of this beach are its blond sand and bronzed bodies. Local people prefer this place to celebrate their holidays and tourists like this place for its natural beauty (news.com.au, 2017). However, at present, due to excessive carbon emission, the natural beauty of Bondi beach is being affected. Hence, the number of tourists is decreased and it leaves effect in the financial status of tourism economy. It clearly reflects sustainability issue related to environmental factors in specific country like Australia.
At present, it has been noticed that service quality of tourism sector is decreased. As mentioned by Amelung & Nicholls (2014), the reason of degradation of tourism service is that government authority of Australia is unable to enhance sustainability in tourist spots. Most of the time, it is found that, due to the increase of manufacturing industry, carbon emission is increased. As a result, natural resources like Bondi Beach get polluted. In addition to this, it is unable to hold its natural beauty like blond sand and bronzed bodies around the beach. On the other hand, Biggs et al. (2015) stated that environmental pollution in Australia affects its economic status in tourism industry. After discussing nature of PCM (Passenger Movement Charge), it is seen that rate of PCM is high in Australia, which decreases number of tourists. As a result, number of tourists at Bondi beach is reduced. After increasing departure tax, people of different country refuse to spend their holidays in Australia. In addition to that in 2012, carbon tax trading scheme has begun. Moreover, in a report, it is mentioned that Waverley council tries to ban surfing as it is limited within local people (news.com.au, 2017). It is another issue related to sustainability. Climate change is also one the reasons that affect the Australian tourism. Due to global warming, rainy season is disrupted and it leaves negative impact on tourists. If tourists of Bondi beach face rain, it can ruin their happiness.
The scope of study is to enhance knowledge on importance of sustainability in tourism sector and involvement of stakeholders. Forsyth et al. (2014) mentioned that due to sustainability issue, stakeholders like government bodies, holiday planners, guides are affected. However, because of carbon emission and global warming, climate is changed, which is considered as passive stakeholder.
In the opinion of Ruhanen, Whitford & McLennan (2015), sustainability in an industry can be managed if local is involved in this sector. It supports sustainable economic development through the retention of existing business and attracting the new business and investment holder. In context of Bondi Beach, local holiday planners can be hired instead of foreign people and it can enhance sustainability in tourism sector of Australia. This leads the country towards development. In addition to this, small business like summing opportunity and surfing in Bondi beach can enhance economic aspects.
On the other hand, social sustainability is based on concept of betterment of society and education. Education play vital role in sustainability. Education is the backbone of the human being. It leads the people from bad direction to the good direction. It teaches people how to behave, how to talk to others. Hence, Valadkhani & O’Mahony (2015) mentioned that in order to increase sustainability in tourism sector, people of society needs to learn various languages and have knowledge of different culture. It is seen that 81.1% of people speak in Australian English and other minority uses colloquial languages. It is mandatory to guide the tourist to know different languages. The main motive of the sustainable development is to conserve the natural resources and reducing the pollution.
Sustainable development is the development which fulfils the needs of present generation without compromising the ability of future generation. According to Char-lee, Becken & Watt (2016), if government is able to reduce carbon emission by making policy, it can enhance sustainability in tourism sector. Beauty of nature attracts the tourist in context of nature tourism. Hence, in context of Bondi beach, government needs to maintain it in regular basis for increasing number of tourists in this place.
In order to sustainability in tourism sector, equality is one of the main factors that can promote tourism services. It increases number of visitor of the country. Moyle et al. (2014) mentioned that if government of Australia is able to maintain equality, it can provide positive outcome. It may increase the population of visitors. Government ensures that tourists are able to maintain their cultural value. It assists to enhance sustainability in this sector. In Bondi Beach, there is inequality between tourist and local people. Hence, tourists cannot get scope to participate in surfing. Therefore, tourists should be treated by giving special care. It is necessary to give them a good service or provide them proper guidance.
Communication is very important in any field to interact with new people. In the opinion of Ponting & O’Brien (2015), if people are able to communicate with others properly, it can increase their interest related to specific topic. Government should provide a high-quality guidance with good communication otherwise visitor may get de-motivated and not come again. In context of economic development and maintaining sustainability in tourism, tour guides need to given attention to their tourists. At the time of talking with tourist, one should be humble enough. Therefore, proper communication is another principle in order to enhance sustainability in tourism sector.
In order to increase sustainability in tourism sector especially in Bondi beach, it is necessary to remove the limitation of surfing among local people. As mentioned by Char-lee, Becken & Watt (2016), if tourists are able to enjoy activities related to surfing, it gives positive feeling to them. In addition to this, if winner is able to get prize, it can provide extreme happiness to them. Hence, instead of banning surf in Bondi Beach, Waverley council can include tourist in this activity by taking permission of government. It can take around 2-3 months for the above-mentioned change in tourist spot. It can easily enhance sustainability in tourism.
On the contrary, in order to enhance sustainability, Australian government needs to reduce PMC. Most of the time, it is seen that foreign tourists are not able to get visa within time and departure tax is excessively high. Therefore, by reviewing policy, government can reduce their tax. It can leave positive outcome in the tourism sector. The entire policy can be achieved within 6-12 months. The sustainability products are helpful for the people as they are depending upon improvement of the product quality where the products are competing which are made by the conventional methods. The customer prefers the sustainable products over the traditional products, with business recognizing the trend, globally.
Conclusion
In order to draw end line of study, it can be deduced that sustainability is an important manner, which assists to develop the economic status of a venture. In addition to this, the scenario of Bondi beach is chosen for identifying issue related to sustainability in an effective manner. Sustainable principles have been elaborated along with its application for getting positive outcome. Thus, thesis statement of study has been met in an effective manner. Measurement for achieving sustainability is discussed in a proper way. However, in time of doing analysis, it is monitored that if government of Australia is able to reduce tax and involve local people in their tourism sector, sustainability can be achieved in an easy manner.
Reference list
Amelung, B., & Nicholls, S. (2014). Implications of climate change for tourism in Australia. Tourism Management, 41(2), 228-244. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261517713001842
Biggs, D., Hicks, C. C., Cinner, J. E., & Hall, C. M. (2015). Marine tourism in the face of global change: The resilience of enterprises to crises in Thailand and Australia. Ocean & coastal management, 105(2), 65-74.
Char-lee, J. M., Becken, S., & Watt, M. (2016). Learning through a cluster approach: lessons from the implementation of six Australian tourism business sustainability programs. Journal of Cleaner Production, 111(2), 348-357.
Cheng, T. M., & Wu, H. C. (2015). How do environmental knowledge, environmental sensitivity, and place attachment affect environmentally responsible behavior? An integrated approach for sustainable island tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(4), 557-576.
Forsyth, P., Dwyer, L., Spurr, R., & Pham, T. (2014). The impacts of Australia’s departure tax: Tourism versus the economy?. Tourism Management, 40(2), 126-136. Retrieved from: https://www.ifsulibrary.com/ejournal/uploads/file/pdf/20180416_041109.pdf
Moyle, B. D., McLennan, C. L. J., Ruhanen, L., & Weiler, B. (2014). Tracking the concept of sustainability in Australian tourism policy and planning documents. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(7), 1037-1051. Retrieved from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09669582.2013.839694
news.com.au (2017), Waverley Council wants to ban surfing at Bondi Beach, Retrieved from: https://www.news.com.au/travel/australian-holidays/waverley-council-wants-to-ban-surfing-at-bondi-beach/news-story/6f94b98d23b4bc25f0e8357faf88fe7b
Ponting, J., & O’Brien, D. (2015). Regulating “Nirvana”: Sustainable surf tourism in a climate of increasing regulation. Sport management review, 18(1), 99-110.
Ruhanen, L., Whitford, M., & McLennan, C. L. (2015). Indigenous tourism in Australia: Time for a reality check. Tourism Management, 48(2), 73-83.
Valadkhani, A., & O’Mahony, B. (2015). Dynamics of Australia’s tourism in a multimarket context. Annals of Tourism Research, 55(2), 173-177.
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