The internet of things is the latest innovation that is currently gaining a lot of traction in the market right now. With the rise in population and automation, the transportation system is in a dire need of an upgrade that will help in the growth and development of the general community.
In the paper, the research topic has been chosen as internet of things and the societal aspect has been chosen as the transport system. In the discussion section of the report, several online journals have been assessed and evaluated to justify the motivations of the research. The research topic has been chosen as internet of things and the resected social aspect has been chosen as the Transport system. The advantages and disadvantages of incorporating this technology in our daily lives have been highlighted and evaluated.
The internet of things are the network of computing devices that are embedded in the daily objects such as the living room and cards to receive and send information. It defines the concept of combining the physical devices with the internet so that they can be identified from a remote distance with the help of internet. The method of communication is very similar to RFID. It also includes other technologies such as QR codes, wireless technologies and sensor technologies (Chen et al., 2014). When an object can define itself physically, it becomes more than an object. The Iot systems are normally interrelated with each other through the use of unique) identifiers that are put in people, animals, objects, digital machines, computer and mechanical devices. It allows the transfer of information from human to computer as well as human to human. The sensor devices can be bundled to make a multiple system for transmitting different types of information (Miz & Hahanov, 2014). The connectivity options are also long due to their wide range of acceptance such as LPWAN, low power wide area networks, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi satellite and cellular. The data after entering the cloud goes through a range of processing and the user interface that the IoT system is linked to should be also easy and intuitive for the end user to interact efficiently (Li et al., 2015).
Transport system is an integral part of human society. Without it, the basic amenities to continue the daily life of people will not be possible as our present society is dependent on interwork ability of products where one person uses the product of another person and vice versa for their personal growth. The transportation system nowadays aims at innovating services that can make the transport system a lot smarter, coordinated and safer for better traffic management. The concerned authorities are always finding out ways to improve the road transport system by improving the mobility management systems and infrastructures. But without the use of proper technologies, the efficiency of the transport systems stays still. Wireless communications have been used to improve transportation systems and the use of VHF as well as UHF has been detected. The cars have been used for short range communications such as IEEE 802.11 protocols and long range communications such as WiMax and GSM. With the help of telematics, the behavioural tracking functionalities have been used and utilised (Hasan et al., 2015).
The control system that defines the traffic lights and reintroduces it with artificial intelligence and a number of sensors is known as Smart Traffic or Internet of things with Transport. The system is put into place to define pedestrian traffic and route vehicles (Sevillano et al., 2014).
The technology is presently being researched in Carneige Mellon University. The pilot project for the concept is already being used in Pitsburgh to reduce the air pollution that is a major problem in the city (Ghazal et al., 2015). The transport system used the IoT devices and artificial intelligence to combine the existing technologies unlike previously where the user has to adjust the phrasing and timing of the lights to set in them in the controller programming (Zhang et al., 2015).
With the help of the vast number of IoT devices, the transport system of any city can be improved in a major way. For decreasing the carbon footprint of every car, the signals from both the sources need to communicate efficiently. In this way, the cars can stop wasting time on the streets and save on fuel. With the help of dynamic control systems and fibre optics, the new mentioned system will be able to track cars and check how much time the car is spending on the road (Lécué et al., 2014). It will be able to make subtle modifications in real time to prevent traffic congestions or possibly prevent road accidents. In many cities, the use of traffic system with IoTs have reduced the bike accidents by as much as 43% and the other vehicles by 20% (Giang et al., 2015).
There are several companies such as Siemens and BMW that are putting in money for research purposes for developing traffic management systems. The system was released by the company in 2010 which included lights that were networked together (Kyriazis et al., 2013). The system includes implementing technologies related to anti idling that the cars are quipped which warns them with a message when the traffic lights are changing. This helps to ensure a proper maintenance of the transport system with the help of the Anti-idling IoT devices (Lee & Lee, 2015). The Iot devices help the cars to function intelligently and the information that are received by the cars helps it to adjust the times of cycling for making it more efficient in the long run.
Another technology related with the use of IoT devices are the automatic detection of traffic at intersection and accordingly reacting to that. This advanced traffic system with the IoT devices will be used to check the efficiency of vehicle movement at an efficient rate. With the help of this technology, the system can be used to anticipate the movement of the traffic and warn motorists to slow down and save time thus cutting down harmful emissions (Palattella et al., 2013).
The Iot devices along with transport system can be used as a part of the public transport system. The system can be put into place to check when the buses and trams are approaching and can help in improving their speeds to heck the transport node efficiency (Yao et al., 2013).
One of the main obstacle of implementing this system is the unavailability of proper smart cars with Iot technologies to incorporate the computer systems that the government authorities use to control the traffic lights. However, studies has shown that even when the user of the technology switches off their mobile devices, the system can work efficiently in proper reliable data to control the density of the traffic. Simulations on the mentioned system were used that the new system only helped the drivers in preventing the accidents by 30% which is not a great deal of improvement to bolster the expansion of the system. Moreover for the entire system to work efficiently, all of the cars including the larger and smaller ones need to be fitted with proper IOt devices so that the traffic can be managed at an accurate pace (Lazarescu, 2013).
Conclusion
To conclude the report, it can be stated that area of IT research and the aspect of society has been conclusively developed. The research topic has been chosen as Internet of things and the aspect of society has been chosen as the transport system. An abstract has been provided and an introduction has been mentioned that provides information about the research topic in detail. The discussion section has been divided into subsections that defines the use of the technology in assisting the transport aspect of the society. The advantages have been provided and the obstacles in adopting this technology has been evaluated and assessed.
In my opinion, the convergence of Iot technology along with the present transport system can have wide implication on the general audience. The system has not been tested yet conclusively but in theory the wide number of applications of the mentioned system can be beneficial for the society as well as for the environment. According to me, the main advantage that the system can do is reduce the carbon footprint of every vehicle present in road today. Moreover, I think the technology has the potential to save a lot of time for the general public and can decrease congestion in the long time which is according to me a hug concern. The future of the technology is also good as with the introduction of cloud computing the technology has gained a lot of tractions. The system can be used more efficiently in the future and in a wider scale as the technology is relatedly new and a little bit time is required for the system to get known in a larger scale and the applications to start providing any proper advantages. Moreover, the disadvantages in securing the information flow from the traffic to the IoT devices need to be monitored properly to check whether the data is not leaked for malicious purposes.
References
Chen, S., Xu, H., Liu, D., Hu, B., & Wang, H. (2014). A vision of IoT: Applications, challenges, and opportunities with china perspective. IEEE Internet of Things journal, 1(4), 349-359.
Ghazal, B., ElKhatib, K., Chahine, K., & Kherfan, M. (2016, April). Smart traffic light control system. In Electrical, Electronics, Computer Engineering and their Applications (EECEA), 2016 Third International Conference on (pp. 140-145). IEEE.
Giang, N. K., Blackstock, M., Lea, R., & Leung, V. C. (2015, October). Developing IoT applications in the fog: a distributed dataflow approach. In Internet of Things (IOT), 2015 5th International Conference on the (pp. 155-162). IEEE.
Hasan, M. M., Saha, G., Hoque, A., & Majumder, M. B. (2014, May). Smart traffic control system with application of image processing techniques. In Informatics, Electronics & Vision (ICIEV), 2014 International Conference on (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Kyriazis, D., Varvarigou, T., White, D., Rossi, A., & Cooper, J. (2013, June). Sustainable smart city IoT applications: Heat and electricity management & Eco-conscious cruise control for public transportation. In World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), 2013 IEEE 14th International Symposium and Workshops on a (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Lazarescu, M. T. (2013). Design of a WSN platform for long-term environmental monitoring for IoT applications. IEEE Journal on emerging and selected topics in circuits and systems, 3(1), 45-54.
Lécué, F., Tallevi-Diotallevi, S., Hayes, J., Tucker, R., Bicer, V., Sbodio, M., & Tommasi, P. (2014). Smart traffic analytics in the semantic web with STAR-CITY: Scenarios, system and lessons learned in Dublin City. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, 27, 26-33.
Lee, I., & Lee, K. (2015). The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises. Business Horizons, 58(4), 431-440.
Li, X., Lv, Z., Hu, J., Zhang, B., Yin, L., Zhong, C., … & Feng, S. (2015, May). Traffic management and forecasting system based on 3d gis. In Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid), 2015 15th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on(pp. 991-998). IEEE.
Miz, V., & Hahanov, V. (2014, September). Smart traffic light in terms of the cognitive road traffic management system (CTMS) based on the Internet of Things. In Design & Test Symposium (EWDTS), 2014 East-West (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Palattella, M. R., Accettura, N., Grieco, L. A., Boggia, G., Dohler, M., & Engel, T. (2013). On optimal scheduling in duty-cycled industrial IoT applications using IEEE802. 15.4 e TSCH. IEEE Sensors Journal, 13(10), 3655-3666.
Sevillano, X., Màrmol, E., & Fernandez-Arguedas, V. (2014, July). Towards smart traffic management systems: Vacant on-street parking spot detection based on video analytics. In Information Fusion (FUSION), 2014 17th International Conference on (pp. 1-8). IEEE.
Yao, X., Han, X., Du, X., & Zhou, X. (2013). A lightweight multicast authentication mechanism for small scale IoT applications. IEEE Sensors Journal, 13(10), 3693-3701.
Zhang, J., Lu, Y., Lu, Z., Liu, C., Sun, G., & Li, Z. (2015). A new smart traffic monitoring method using embedded cement-based piezoelectric sensors. Smart Materials and Structures, 24(2), 025023.
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