Discuss about the Relationship Between Technology and Job Opportunities.
In the latest technological era, the digital world has only graduated to develop further and improve in all the major fields of career choices for people who are planning to make the technology field a possible career path. There is a considerable job opportunity for people who want to focus on the technological field. The different genres of technological field includes medicine, information technology, finance and banking, educational services, military defence, textiles, food services, government, engineering, telecommunications and manufacturing. The technology related jobs vary widely from one position to the other (Morris and Venkatesh 2015). The career path depends on the factors of interest of an individual and current skill set. Both these factors are build right from a person’s schooling process, to gain more interest in the respective field of interest and to gather enough experience so that the individual resume stands out in the market of huge competition (Venkatesh and Davis 2014). This genre is ever-evolving; therefore a person needs to up his or her game to be always upgraded with accordance to the latest technological needs in the job arena. The following literature would thus critically analyse literary journal articles that would put forward the relation between technology and job opportunities. Further it would include the justification behind selecting the articles for the literature review along with the summary of findings from them. The later part of the literature review would include the strengths of the articles reviewed along with the gap in the literature the journal articles posses. This would enable to thoroughly analyse the researches that have been conducted and the researches that are yet to be conducted given the issue in discussion.
The papers selected in this purpose have mostly been internationally published journals and articles and books published by famous authors. All these works are internationally acclaimed and provide evidence about the respective field of subject the article is about. According to Brotchie (2017), there have been many evidences of proper technological jobs available to the people around in the field of technology. Where in one hand, the papers provide information about the changes in the technological field with regards to the passing time, there have been enough information how a person should enhance themselves to fit in the competitive world of technology on the other hand as well. Few of the journal articles provide information about the most demanded option for an IT graduate to choose as a job opportunity and also the growth rate of the salary and employment plan for the respective field. It is also provided as information for a person aspiring for a job opportunity in IT or Information Technology that the foundation of a person should begin with the proper use of resources right while planning the career (Ahuja 2012). These papers do not only create a field where future planning is required but also the opportunity of individual to achieve their target in having a job opening in technology and its future prospects. Therefore, the papers help a person to plan for the immediate future and the future in the long run as well. Some of the papers are exploratory in nature and are an outcome of researches conducted. The information revolution and its likely consequences are essentially described in this regard. The papers also focus on the relationship between job opportunities and technological changes and its effects over the pattern in the human life (Clarke and Fujimura 2014). This depicts the success of the articles as being ideal in discussing their respective topics. In addition, some of the journals and books also bring the spotlight to the subject of job opportunity for females in the technical field exploring the matter of gender associations in shaping up the technical arena for technical graduates. In some papers, it has been found that the technological arena has not only affected the lives and jobs of technical graduates but also the lives of the labours in the technological organizations. It describes the job opportunities for labours in the non-technical arena and compares it with the situation now where a lot of technical work performed by the labours has been replaced with the use of advanced technologies (Johnston and Marshall 2016). Therefore, there is enough justification behind the selection of each paper for the literature review based on the type of research work each journal article has performed. The papers selected for this purpose are based on different topics from one another and possess detailed information about the matter they have selected for each journal. Based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, the papers have been chosen accordingly, which depicts that the choices made were in accordance to the subject in discussion.
The journal articles selected in this regard for finding the relationship between technology and job opportunity provides relevant information based on the different topics it has put forward. However, the papers have been selected based on the same theme. One of the papers selected in this regard explains the situation of the Chinese government where rigorous attention is paid to academic study to help a technical student graduate (Avgerou and Walsham 2017). However, there is limited study for academic purposes in this topic. It depends a lot on various other external elements like gender, politics, social capital, and other factors that affect the job opportunity of a technical graduate in China. The job opportunities for technical graduates in the Chinese government sectors are difficult to achieve a government job there is an absence of wage premium for the people already working in the sectors. Therefore, this paper focuses more on the job opportunities in Chinese government and the effect of it on the technical graduates (Gao, Kong and Kong 2017). It provides with the relevant information in this regard.
According to the findings of some of the papers, it has also come up that the upgrading of the technological world had taken over the job opportunity for labour in the technical fields. It has been found that on an average where an organization owned the workforce comprising of 20,000 labours, the implementation of latest technological advancements and strategies have almost halved the labour strength in the organization (Shostack 2016). This implied that the technological emergences and the utilizations of the latest technology as well as their use as business strategies have decreased the demand for labourers in an organization. However, opposite reactions of technical advancements on job opportunities were also witnessed. For instance, in a case regarding the study of Robust Unionism, it was found that there had been effective use for Air Line Pilots Association with 200 labour innovations (Stair and Reynolds 2017). The ALPA had successfully made work conduct with the utilization of high-tech teleconferencing options and many other novelties. This made the works to conduct in high scales and also demanded more technically skilled to be recruit in order to make this implementation thoroughly effective.
Another journal describes the effect of technological advances and the changes it has bore in the job opportunities for technical graduates who are women. It is not only the job opportunities that go through changes but also the workplace environment for women. It describes that the advancement in technology has affected the social relations, social implications and communicational changes in the workplace environment for women in technical fields. Few of the other papers also describe the fact that these advancement in technologies have resulted to change the urban dynamics in case of job opportunities from various perspectives of an entire country (Arnold, Coombs and Gubler 2017). It describes the international and the regional perspectives of the entire situation and the perspectives of the world to the fact from and industrial approach. It also specifies the innovations and development that have been adopted by a job aspirant in technical field according to an individual and an organization as well (Shostack 2016). The effects of technical advancements over the communication and transport aspects have also affected the way of recruitments and job opportunities. Few other papers also describe the different aspects of jobs that a technical graduate can choose from, given the wide range of technical diversity due to the changes and latest developments. The career options are varied to choose from for a technical graduate, such as, computer programmer, software developer, computer systems analyst, information security analyst, computer information and research scientist and many more (Fu and Chen 2015). Depending on the fields of expertise, the technically sound job seeker can also chose from the different job perspectives. These could be the fields of medicine, information technology, finance and banking, educational services, military defence, textiles, food services, government, engineering, telecommunications and manufacturing (Webster 2014). Depending on individual area of interest, a person can focus on developing their fields of expertise that can support their specific career options. However, the most popular job opportunity in this arena of career path requires the recruitment of a huge number of IT specialists (Badage and Karande 2016). It states that a person needs to logically justify his or her area of focus and before enrolling for a technical expertise program should research specifically about the field to ensure proper judgement while choosing the perfect job opportunity.
In this portion of the literature review, it would be justified that on what grounds the papers selected for the review stand out as strong literary sources. This could be justified as the papers selected in this regard provide proper information about the topic it discusses about. For instance the paper about the effects of the technical evolution on the job opportunities of China and the Chinese government, it does not divert from the topic and provides wholesome information regarding all the aspects of the literature source. The next papers discuss about the implementation of the latest technology in the organizational and industrial fields and the effects it bears on the non-technical labour workforce in the industry (Li et al. 2016). Where in one hand, the papers provide information about the changes in the technological field with regards to the passing time, there have been enough information how a person should enhance themselves to fit in the competitive world of technology on the other hand as well. One of the papers even focuses on a person’s career objectives even before they graduate (Fuller et al. 2015). It tactfully explains the planning of an individual seeking assistance for having a career in the field of technology and how a person can focus on a specific field of technology right from the educational prospects. Therefore, there is enough justification behind the selection of each paper for the literature review based on the type of research work each journal article has performed (Joia and Mangia 2017). The papers selected for this purpose are based on different topics from one another and possess detailed information about the matter they have selected for each journal. Based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, the papers have been chosen accordingly, which depicts that the choices made were in accordance to the subject in discussion. This confirms that the literatures selected in this purpose have been ideal and possess strengths regarding each of the matter it describes. The manifold aspects of the chosen topics and specific provision of the information makes the journal articles even more strong.
The articles that have been considered for this literature review on finding the relationship between the technical advancements and job opportunities have a large number of advantages and are accountable for the stating of the information regarding the different fields of organizational structure, demands of technical and non-technical employees and also the gender based discrimination regarding the job opportunities in this field (McKenzie et al. 2014). The articles also present the idea about how students can improve their skills right from his or her educational grounds and the way they can focus on a specific expertise in the technical field. However, it can be clearly seen that there are a number of shortcomings of the articles stated above. The major shortcoming is the structure of the articles. The articles are no put up with the appropriate standards in a proper manner and the structure of the report is not justified (Badage and Karande 2016). However, it is seen that the articles do not provide solution or make the articles justified as choices for failing in being a multi-faceted article since they focus on a single and specific topic. The structure of the report is not reasonable enough with respect to the perception of the topic or achieving of the outcome of the topic. The other shortcoming that is presented in the articles is the irrelevance of the data and the matter that is do not propose any suggestion to tackle the problems that is faced during the research of the relevant topics. It has also been found that some of the articles do not possess proper sources that would prove the justifications of the statements that have been made (Lee 2012). The data that are present have high chances of being either relevant or irrelevant since there are no proper citations provided in the article. In addition to that, the articles that are selected do not reflect that they have undergone the specific process of a research, rather they have qualitatively analysed situations and underwent researches by the internet to reach a specific conclusion.
Conclusion
Therefore, in conclusion, it can be said that the literature review for finding the relevance between technical emergences or evolution and job opportunities have specific evidence of being true. The papers and the journal articles that have been reviewed are all based on different aspects of this same environment. The review focuses on the justification given for the papers and journal articles for being chosen as relevant articles to find the relationship between job opportunities and technical developments. This portion of the review informs that the papers have been selected due to the various aspects of this purpose that each paper collectively serves. If the topics of the different papers are taken into account, it could be seen that the relationship between job opportunities and technological advancements have been addresses from different and varied prospects. From one angle, it focuses on building the career path of an individual in the technical world right from the educational aspect, whereas, another article focuses on the different scopes and field of the technical job arena. Where one paper proposes the idea that the technical advancements have reduced non-technical labours another paper puts forward the fact that the work environment changes socially and physically for the technical graduates who are women. Another article puts forward the entire scenario within the Chinese government regarding technical advancements and the effect it has on the employment structure, strategy and employee demands. The literature review also focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the papers and it has been found that although the papers are informative, it also has shortcomings in specific regions as well.
References
Ahuja, M.K., 2012. Women in the information technology profession: A literature review, synthesis and research agenda. European Journal of Information Systems, 11(1), pp.20-34.
Arnold, J., Coombs, C.R. and Gubler, M., 2017. Career anchors and preferences for organizational career management: a study of information technology professionals in three European countries. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, pp.1-33.
Avgerou, C. and Walsham, G. eds., 2017. Information Technology in Context: Studies from the Perspective of Developing Countries: Studies from the Perspective of Developing Countries. Routledge.
Badage, R.N. and Karande, K.J., 2016. Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) In Career Planning of Rural Youth of India.
Brotchie, J., Hall, P., Newton, P. and Nijkamp, P., 2017. The future of urban form: the impact of new technology. Routledge.
Chang Boon Lee, P., 2012. Career goals and career management strategy among information technology professionals. Career Development International, 7(1), pp.6-13.
Clarke, A.E. and Fujimura, J.H. eds., 2014. The right tools for the job: At work in twentieth-century life sciences. Princeton University Press.
Fu, J.R. and Chen, J.H., 2015. Career commitment of information technology professionals: The investment model perspective. Information & Management, 52(5), pp.537-549.
Fuller, K., Kvasny, L., Trauth, E.M. and Joshi, K.D., 2015, June. Understanding Career Choice of African American Men Majoring in Information Technology. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research (pp. 41-48). ACM.
Gao, J., Kong, D. and Kong, G., 2017. Who Secures Job Opportunities in the Chinese Government? Evidence Based on the First Jobs of Graduates from a Chinese College. Pacific Economic Review.
Johnston, M.W. and Marshall, G.W., 2016. Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge.
Joia, L.A. and Mangia, U., 2017. Career transition antecedents in the information technology area. Information Systems Journal, 27(1), pp.31-57.
Li, L., Zheng, G., Peltsverger, S. and Zhang, C., 2016, September. Career trajectory analysis of information technology alumni: A linkedin perspective. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference on Information Technology Education (pp. 2-6). ACM.
McKenzie, S., Coldwell-Neislon, J., Palmer, S. and Coleman, K., 2014, December. Understanding career aspirations of Information Technology students at Deakin University. In Teaching, Assessment and Learning (TALE), 2014 International Conference on (pp. 301-305). IEEE.
Morris, M.G. and Venkatesh, V., 2015. Age differences in technology adoption decisions: Implications for a changing work force. Personnel psychology, 53(2), pp.375-403.
Shostack, A.B., 2016. CyberUnion: Empowering Labor Through Computer Technology: Empowering Labor Through Computer Technology. Routledge.
Shostack, A.B., 2016. CyberUnion: Empowering Labor Through Computer Technology: Empowering Labor Through Computer Technology. Routledge.
Stair, R. and Reynolds, G., 2017. Fundamentals of information systems. Cengage Learning.
Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D., 2014. A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management science, 46(2), pp.186-204.
Webster, J., 2014. Shaping women’s work: Gender, employment and information technology. Routledge.
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