The Serendipity Of Receiving Nutrition And Hydration In Australian Residential Aged Care: A Qualitative Study

Here Qualitative Studies is to be done on the research article which deals with the serendipity of receiving nutrition and hydration in Australian residential aged care. The authors of this article are Mare Anne Bernoth, Elaine Dietsch and Carmeil Davies. Here the authors used two other research projects and did thematic analysis of the data and found out that the residential aged care homes of Australia are not compiling with the rights of the residents and instead the provision of nutrients and water to them is just a matter of chance.

1. a) The title of the research paper is short and clear. The title demonstrates that proper receiving of food and water in Australian old age home care is beneficial for the older people. The title is in agreement with the text written inside. It is found that in Australian old age home the older residents care for nutrition and the water is not taken care of as the residents often suffer from malnutrition and dehydration. This research paper analyses two other research projects and takes out inferences from it.
2. b) The aims and the objectives of the research article are clearly mentioned here. The aim here states that the beneficial effects of nutrition and water in Australian residential old age care. The objectives of this research is to have a proper analysis of the data of two-research projects and find out whether or not proper food and water are provided to the older people and to find the difficulties which they are facing in the old age homes (Beattie et al., 2014) :pp-54-64.The participants involved in this study include the relatives of the aged loved ones who are residing in old age care of Australia. (Bernoth , Dietsch & Davies, 2014): pp 171-177.
3. c) The abstract gives brief details of what is the research all about. This abstract consist of background, methods, results or findings and conclusion. In this abstract the background gives details of the aim of the research. The approach of the project is also given in the background itself. The background states that two interrelated research projects which were conducted on 2009 and 2011 relating to the experience of having friends or relatives in residential old age care. The participant method of selection is mentioned in the methods section. But the details of the participants are not mentioned here. The participants are relatives or loved ones of those who are residing in old age homes. The data collection and the data analysis details are not mentioned in the abstract. The details of it are in the text. The findings are properly mentioned here in the abstract.

1. a) Yes in this research article the matter is focused on experience of older people in a natural setting which is residential aged care centre of Australia. Here two projects findings were taken and thematic analysis of the projects were done and compiled to get the findings of this research article. The experiences of the older people were demonstrated by their relatives who were well known of the conditions what their family or loved ones are facing inside the aged care. The receiving of water and nutrition is becoming the matter of choice and not right for old people.
2. b) The phenomenon is relevant to health care. Here a research was done to find out experiences of older people who are staying in residential old age care. The focus was on the food and water supply and care provided to them. The proper food and water if not provided causes dehydration and malnutrition in the adults which is against their rights. The two projects which were used here to do a thematic data analysis were phenomenological and the projects got approval from Charles Sturt University Institutional Ethics Committee.

1. a) This review article is based on findings of two research projects. The two findings and data of two projects were analyzed and compiled to form the basis of this research article. The participants which were taken in the two research projects were relative’s friends and close ones of the older people who were living in the old age care. The participants are not living in the phenomenon of interest.
2. b) The literature here details about the experience of older people in aged care homes regarding the food and water provided. The improper food and unhygienic water creates malnutrition and dehydration in the people who are staying there. The negligence of food and water is continuing which is against the rights of people staying there. This study will help the readers to analyze the situation in the old age home.
3. c) The participants group or places are not specified according to the question. Later while reviewing the proper methods group and places are found out.
4. d) The theoretical framework is clearly stated here. Theoretical study of two research projects was done here which formed the basis of study of this published article.
5. e) The theoretical framework fits the research question. The two research projects which were used here showed various aspects of the problems faced by older people in aged care homes.
6. f) The method of data collection and analysis is clearly specified. The participants here were selected and the potential participants met by the author and he explained them the purpose of research. After understanding the purpose of the study those participant who gave consent were selected and the methods followed next. The methods of data collection included interviews for both research projects and the interviews were in depth and not structured. The interviews were in the form of conversation which took place in the participant’s home with some exceptions. All the three authors were involved in the interview. The interviews were audio recorded and later used for data analysis (Braun, & Clarke 2014).
7. g) The qualitative method of data collection was done in which proper interview was done and the noted which fits the research question.
8. h) The limitations of the study is stated which includes only negative responses of participants were selected. The participants who gave positive responses were not included. Also the interview of the residents of the old age homes were not included and their relatives were involved for data collection. Thus no positive responses were noted for this study and any comparison regarding that was not done.

1. a) The research question was determined first and on that basis the need of study was made. The role of proper food and water in the well being of older people in aged care homes made the determination to go for study of two research projects and analyze and get findings. The supply of nutrition and the water for the residents was becoming a chance and not the right of the residents. This was the basis of the need to do this study.
2. b) The data collection strategies used here was interview technique which were unstructured and in depth. It is just to review and check for the experiences of the relatives and loved ones of those who are residents of the Australian aged care.
3. c) The data collection strategies reflect the purpose and the theoretical framework of the study. The participant chosen here were relatives of older people staying in older care homes and they were interviewed. The interviews were in depth and unstructured and lasted for almost 1 to 2 hr. The interviews were held in participants home and the
4. d) The data analysis technique is properly identified in this research article. The data analysis technique here is thematic analysis of with three approaches (narrative, content and discourse).This three approaches for thematic analysis helped in proper analysis to follow logically. The three approaches were used because single approach was not sufficient to get in depth meaning of the stories told by the participants. The narrative approach checked the narration part of the story of the experience of the patient. The consent analysis was for interpreting the experiences shared and discourse analysis included criticism of the themes collected from the previous two analysis. Some common themes were found in case of both the projects. The participants were send transcripts for checking the accuracy of the data. Thoroughly checked themes were only included in the research (Vaismoradi, Turunen & Bondas, 2013).pp:398-405.

1. a) The participants were selected using CSU media releases by inviting the people to participate in the project. The interested and potential participants contacted the author and then the author explained the reason to them why he wanted to conduct the research and why there is a requirement of the participants.
2. b) The maintenance of confidentiality of the participants is not mentioned clearly here. The research projects were approved by the ethical committee of Charles Sturt University.
3. c) The anonymity of the participants was maintained by getting ethical approval from the ethical committee. The interviews were conducted in the homes of the participants by which their anonymity were maintained.
4. d) Proper ethical issues were not mentioned here in this published article.
5. e) The ethical and legal principles related to this study with vulnerable participants were helped out by referring the participants to some authority bodies like complaints investigation scheme.

1. a) The data were analyzed using thematic analysis including three approaches which is narrative content and discourse. The different approaches were used here because single approach will not able to reveal the deep meaning of the stories told by the participants. The narrative analysis was done for analyzing the narration style of experiences told by the participants. The content analysis was used to describe and find out the experiences. The themes which were found from the other two analyses were criticized by the discourse analysis (Nagy et al., 2010).
2. b) The analysis technique is in agreement with the research question. The question to be answered requires proper theories to be studied and data to be analyzed. As there are no data in the study which needs statistical analysis thus thematic analysis of the data is done for desired result.
3. c) There is evidence that proves that the interpretation of the author is in accordance to that of the participants used for the study.
4. d) The researcher dint say anything relating to the criteria judging the scientific rigor of the study.

1. a) The researcher mentioned the methods of data analysis. The two data which were collected from the two projects used and thematic analysis were used. Three approaches were used narrative, content and discourse. Three approaches were used because single approach for thematic analysis will not be adequate for judging the depth of meaning of the stories told by the participants in the projects.
2. b) Indications are there about how the findings are related to the theory. A complete detail is given regarding the factors about research questions. The two projects have different views but same theory. In one project the effect of the old age people is described by the participants and in other case the impact on the relatives of the participants has been described. All these findings were linked to a common theory by the author.
3. c) No new theories were generated and only existing theories were linked to the findings.

1. a) No biases are indicated in this published article.
2. b) Yes the limitations of the study are well stated in details. The limitations of this research article includes that only negative responses has been recorded from the participants and no positivity has been found out so that a comparison can be made. Also there was no provision for the recording of experience of the older people themselves.
3. c) No recommendations are stated for further research. As there were no new findings related to this article and only analysis of two research projects were done by the author to get the desired result so no new recommendations were mentioned.
4. d)    There was no scope for implications of the healthcare I this article so it is not mentioned here.

References

Bernoth, M. A., Dietsch, E., & Davies, C. (2014). ‘Two dead frankfurts and a blob of sauce’: The serendipity of receiving nutrition and hydration in Australian residential aged care. Collegian, 21(3), 171-177.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2014). What can ‘‘thematic analysis’’offer health and wellbeing researchers?. International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being, 9.

Nagy, S., Mills, J., Waters, D., & Birks, M. (2010). Using research in healthcare practice. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins.

Vaismoradi, M., Turunen, H., & Bondas, T. (2013). Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study. Nursing & health sciences, 15(3), 398-405.

Beattie, E., O’reilly, M., Strange, E., Franklin, S., & Isenring, E. (2014). How much do residential aged care staff members know about the nutritional needs of residents?. International journal of older people nursing, 9(1), 54-64.