Discuss About The Theories Strategies Of Good Decision Making?
Self awareness is the dedication of the person towards the self improvement and the personal development by understanding own behavior, attitudes and the reactions. The change in the personality comes only when the person understands his weaknesses and focuses on the small things to improve. The report outlines the different values and emotions as well as what traits I have been possessed and how they are helpful in the decision making are discussed.
As in this study, I have explained the abilities and my point of view with regard to the personality development and the behavioral approaches. The report consists of the different factors that influence the decision making processes and the solve the number of problems. The report highlights the leadership abilities that I have and the high level of the emotional intelligence. Decision making is not an easy task as it needs the skills, abilities, experience and creativity(Pittenger, 2008). All the important factors that are required in the human behavior are explained in this report. The comparison of the two theories also carried out in the last. This report helps to understand what other people think about them and identify their needs, viewpoints and then take a decision accordingly. A person with good empathy has the ability to recognize the feelings and emotions of the other person and these qualities helps them to manage the relationships.
The insights I have obtained about my personality are better explained with the help of the Myers-Briggs type indicators (MBTI). This is the model or just like a simple questionnaire on personality that helps the people to obtain the insights into how they behave in the world, interact and make decisions on the particular situations(Murray, 1990). The self assessment or to understand yourself , can be analyzed how the person communicate and interact with each other. This model MBTI provides 16 different personality traits which are made up of the four preferences which are explained as below:
Extroversion and Introversion: These personality traits are characterized by the direction of the energy. Some people are very energetic and focus more on the speaking, people, things and situations and the group activities are preferred by them. These kind of personalities named as the Extroverts.
On the other hand, the introverts, people analyze the ideas, information and inner world and prefer to communicate with different people separately. These are the Introverts and always prefer to think before saying anything(Furnham & Crump, 2015).
Sensing and Intuition: This preference of the Meyer’s Briggs refers to the type of the information shared. When any person focus on the practical matters rather than intuitions is the sensitive persona and the person thinks imaginary things are the intuitive personalities.
Thinking and Feeling: This is reflecting the style of the decision making. When a person decides on the basis of the facts and logics then it is thinking and if you are taking decisions on your own believe, then it is the feeling not thinking(Pittenger, 1993).
Judgment and Perception: This is the last pair that describes the way of living of the person. The judging personalities, choose to be have a planned , stable and well mannered life. Perception means that people seek freedom and are less structured in comparison to the judging people(University of Saskatchewan, 2009).
There are 16 traits that are given by the Meyer Briggs indicator.
Out of all these technologies I found that I fall under the traits of the ISTJ where I follow introvert , sensing, thinking and judged personality.
The values and motivators are the best part of the personal development. The business values and motivators (BVM) is the best method to understand the values of the human and what motivates the employees. The values include the cultural, ethical and psychological values in the human behavior. The thinking process of the every individual is different in nature.The personality traits of human being are better explain to the big five model that depicts the five traits which are Extraversion, consciousness, emotional stability, openness to change and agreeableness. The attitudes that I possess is subject to change according to the situation. My attitude towards the life is positive and that positive attitude of mine is highly influenced the behavior and the decision making. The attitudes have the three elements and these are cognitive,affective and behavioral. Personality and the values are different in nature. Values are related to the beliefs and personality is the natural inheritance qualities in the person. There is no conflict found in the personality traits, whereas the values of the persons can be differ and leads to conflict. (Goleman, 1995).
Motivators are the things that motivates the person to perform well in a particular situation. The motivators can be financial and non-financial in nature. The factor that motivates me the most is the appreciation and this is the non financial motivator. The financial motivators are in the form of money terms like bonus, rewards, salary hikes, etc. Moreover, the non- financial motivators are the appreciation, recognition, involvement in the decision making processes. Every person feels important if their opinions and ideas, consider while taking the decisions. The creativity and thinking values of the person are the best thing that a person can possess. The creativity and thinking are the values and considering these values in decision making are the motivators.
As we know that, every person has the different needs and wants and different levels of the emotions. Emotional intelligence is the understanding of the emotions and how your emotions affect the people and the decision making around you. The emotional intelligence also involves the management of relationships more effectively in order to create social values and to work in the team. Those people are more successful people who are having the high emotional intelligence than the low emotional intelligence. The high emotional intelligence has seen the life in a different perspective and deals with the life incidents more easily and they are different from those people who are get upset and angry very easily(E&Y, 2015). There are five main characteristics of the emotional intelligence give by the Daniel Goleman and these are explained as below:
Leadership is a very significant part of human personality. The main function of the leader is to communicate with the other personalities and motivates them to improve their efficiencies. Providing directions to the team is the main task of the good leaders and these directions of the leader helps the team to achieve the future goals and objectives. The good leaders always make strategies to achieve the goals and manage the good relations with the people. As a leader, it is very important to think out of the box and always choose the best option among the number of the alternatives to make the right decisions.
Being a leader, it is very important to have some qualities in the personality to lead and inspire others. I have some of the qualities that demonstrate that there are some of the abilities in me to become the leader. These abilities are explained as:
Honesty: As I have analyzed that the honesty is in my behavior as I can encourage other people to live up their standards. Treating all the people equally without any biasness is the symbol of the honesty(Ireland, 2012).
Communication: Communication is the ability of the leaders to convey their message in simple and clear words. Communication and leadership are important concepts that they go simultaneously. I have observed that I have good communication and convincing powers as people easily get attached to me and ask me before taking any decisions.
Confidence: It is very important to be confident about the activities, whatever you are doing. It’s good to have the confidence level to represent your views in front of the large people to gain the attention of the others. The people with high confidence are more successful than the low confidence.
Positive attitude: The positive approach towards the life is the great ability that a leader can have. The leaders have the abilities to take all the negative situations in the positive way. I always used to think positively and have followed the positive approach to succeed in the life(Global, 2001).
Creativity: The innovative and creative ideas are always appreciated. However, as a leader, it is very important to think out of the box and always choose the best option among the number of the alternatives to make the right decisions. The creativity in the human being is the success factor in today’s life.
All of the above mentioned are the abilities and characteristics of the leadership that I have possessed and all these abilities have a great impact on the decision making process.
In this part, the different approaches towards the power, politics and influence are discussed. Power means the ability of the people to influence the decisions as well as to control the available resources. On the other hand, politics is the informal approach used by the person to gain the power. Influence is almost similar to the concept of the power. There are many types of the powers such as the position power, socialized power and personalized power.
The approach that I have used to influence the decision making is the personal power. These are the abilities of the person to influence the others decisions by their own skills and abilities. Expert power is the best power to take the right decisions. Then, position power is also a good approach refers to the power given by the organization(Ahmed & Omotunde, 2012).
There are two approaches towards the organizational politics. One is the ethical behavior approach and another is the unethical approach to gain the power to influence the decisions. My preference is always on the ethical approaches and these are helpful in managing the contacts and builds a good impression on the other people.
The influence tactics that are mostly used are the assertiveness, rationality, joking and kidding and inspirational appeal.
Decision making and problem solving are the major concepts and the term decision refers to best possible solution for the particular problem and to choose the best solutions, we need the ability to make judgement and analysis of the consequences. The analysis of the facts , information and decisions are playing the important role in the organization.
There are many theories given by the scholars in relation to the decision making and problem solving. We are comparing two theories- gaming theory and Simon’s theory of the organizational behavior. The gaming theory is the mathematical study, whereas the Simon’s theory is the behavioral approach. The gaming theory is the decision theory that considering the conflict and cooperation factors. With regard to Simon Theory, he also focused on the behavior of human while taking the managerial decisions as it is clear that the most of the information that is used at the time of decision making generated through the field of psychology. There are many components available for the process of problem solving(Dillon, 2014). The first step is to define or identify the problem because it is a common phenomenon that the human take decisions only when the need arises. The next step is to identify and weighting the criteria and generate the solution alternatives for the problem. The alternatives can be generated by the ways of adopting some techniques like Brainstorming, Brainwriting, Fishbone diagram, De Bono’s six thinking hats, Mind mapping, etc. Before choosing the best alternative it is important to rate each solution and to evaluate the possible consequences of the alternative solution. Both the theories are different in nature , but same in the objectives. The objective of both theories is to take the best decisions and approaches used by the both theories are different in nature.
Conclusion
It is concluded that the decision making process and the problem solving are the important concepts. The report is based the concept of the self awareness and the different abilities that I have to take the best decisions. There are many different concepts have been shared and these relate to the leadership, behavior, attitudes, values and emotional intelligence. All these abilities in the human behaviors results in taking the right decisions at the right time to solve the problems. This report is carried out to analyze the strengths and weaknesses in my personality.
References
Ahmed, M. & Omotunde, H., 2012. Theories And Strategies of Good Decision Making. International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research, 1(10), pp. 51-54.
Dillon, S., 2014. Descriptive Decision Making: Comparing Theory with Practice, Available at: https://orsnz.org.nz/conf33/papers/p61.pdf
E&Y, 2015. What is your emotional IQ?, Available at: https://www.dallasiia.org/PDF/What_is_your_emotional_IQ.pdf
Furnham, A. & Crump, J., 2015. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and Promotion at Work. Psychology journal, Volume 6, pp. 1510-1515.
Global, C., 2001. Leadership Skills – An Overview, Available at: https://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/leadershipskillsoverview_techrpt_0501.pdf
Goleman, D., 1995. Daniel Goleman’S Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than, Available at: https://www.affirmativeactionhoax.com/pdfs/Goleman.pdf
Ireland, F., 2012. A guide to help you review your interpersonal skills and leadership style, Available at: https://www.failteireland.ie/FailteIreland/media/WebsiteStructure/Documents/2_Develop_Your_Business/1_StartGrow_Your_Business/Leadership-Skills.pdf
Murray, J., 1990. Review Of Research on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Perceptualand Motor Skilk, Volume 70, pp. 1187-1202.
Pittenger, D., 1993. The Utility of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. SAGR journal, 63(4).
Pittenger, D., 2008. Measuring the MBTI… And Coming Up Short, Available at: https://indiana.edu/~jobtalk/Articles/develop/mbti.pdf
Team FME, 2014. Understanding emotional intelligence, Available at: https://www.free-management-ebooks.com/dldebk-pdf/fme-understanding-emotional-intelligence.pdf
University of Saskatchewan, 2009. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (Mbti®), Available at: https://students.usask.ca/documents/secc/INTP.pdf
Ventus Publishing, 2012. Emotional Intelligence: MTD Training, Available at: https://www.healthyworkplaces.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/emotional-intelligence.pdf
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