Theories for Youth Gang Crime

Reasons Why Teens Engage in Street Gang Related Crime
Introduction
The rapid increase of criminal gangs in the United States of America has been alarming in the recent past. It had been reported that these criminal gangs have been recruiting juveniles as members of the gang (Howell, 2015). Due to this tremendous increase, there has become the need to address this issue critically and extensively. The issue of radicalization of the youth can also be addressed on this topic (Howell, 2015). Most youths have enrolled themselves in these gangs for a couple of reasons such as the need for affiliation and peer pressure, weak social; control structures among others. The thirst of power for these youngsters can also be seen as a driving factor to the enrolment to this criminal gang. The gangs have structures that are determined by the ability and willingness to commit crimes (Howell, 2015). These gangs are a major heat to the well-being of the people they operate around due to their actions of robbery, assaults and uncontrolled killings. Failure of the federal government to implement harsh laws on criminals bears all the blame for the increase in street gangs.

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Structure
of gangs
Most types of gangs form the general
structure of the organized group.  The
group members, as derived from the definition of a gang, are from a similar
background and share a common interest (Ratcliffe, 2016). The members of
these groups are arranged in hierarchies which are determined by specific
factors such as the ability to fight, physical structure, the willingness to
commit crimes among others.  Most gangs
operate informally having their leadership falling on whoever takes control.
The structure depends on their primary size which in most times ranges from
five to thousand (Krohn & Eassey, 2015). The structure of
gangs may also depend on the mission of the gang. It may have subgroups in
itself that report to the main group.
Research done by the federal board of
investigations indicates that about thirty-three thousand criminal gangs
operate in the United States of America. These gangs have been reported to
enroll about 1.4 million members in the past fourteen years (Ratcliffe,
2016).
Another study by statistic brain found that about forty percent of the gangs in
the US are below eighteen years of age. It further analyzed that about eight
percent of the gang members are females. Large cities and their suburbs remains
the hub of street gangs in the United States America having about forty-one and
twenty-five percent respectively (Phillips, 2015). Street gangs cost
the government about one million dollars to establish the gang risk
intervention program that was initiated in the Los Angeles school system
Social control theory postulates that most
people would commit crimes if not for the controls that the society puts on
them (Krohn & Eassey, 2015). In this case, most
children will engage themselves in crimes since the society has less strict
rules that guide the conduct of the children. The society may lack the
fundamental structures that control the children such as the school. Due to
this, the children are likely to be pulled by their peers to enter into crime
and criminal related activities to so as to quench their thirst of affiliation (Krohn &
Eassey, 2015).
The failure of the school to develop affirmative guidelines to control the
behavior of the students can lead the students to crimes.
Strain theory assumes that the society sets
goals for the people to achieve. The people are guided by the societal values
so as to achieve that target. When people fail to achieve the targets in the
most moral ways, they use every means to make sure that they at least accomplish
what the society expects regardless of the moral drive (Krohn &
Eassey, 2015).
By so doing, they find themselves engaging in criminal acts. In most times most
people who engage themselves in crimes do not like hard work and delayed
gratification, therefore, thy look for a better and faster way of achieving
their goal.
Social disorganization theory postulates
that a child’s physical and social environments are key factors that shape the
behavior of the child. A society that has weak structures is likely to mold
people who are weak in their morality. In this theory, the society a person
lives in is held into account of the person’s choices (Howell, 2015). A society that is
characterized by poor schools, high rate of unemployment, and a mix of the
residential and commercial property is likely to have many young people
developing criminal behaviors. For example, a child living in a filthy
environment will tend to have a behavior that leans towards crime while that
who lives in a physically and morally clean environment is likely to have a
behavior that leads the towards morality and deviance to crimes.
Engaging in crimes violates the law. Gang
violence is a threat to the social and economic welfare of the country. Gang
violence drives away investors since they threaten investment. People who
engage themselves in crimes are an economic liability to the society (Krohn &
Eassey, 2015).
Also, the cost of incarcerating gang members is very high and strains the
public finance for the federal government. The other problem of young people
engaging in crimes is that they act as a threat to security. Young people are
usually very energetic, and if engaged in criminal activities they can cause
high insecurity to the lives of peoples and their property. Criminal gangs
dissolve the societies’ values but acting in defiance of the set rules. The
meaning of the laws set by the society is lessened by the criminal activities (Krohn &
Eassey, 2015).
Criminal gangs tamper with the social order. They change the usual way of
living and after that dismantle the already existing social structures. These
gangs give teachers and the law enforcers a hard time during their correction.
The social structures such as the school
should be made stronger so as to prevent radicalization of the youth. They
should have an elaborate structure of governance that offers strict rules and
regulations to be used as a guidance tool for the conduct of the young
children. Teachers, for example, should conduct themselves in a way that is
worth copying by the children (Howell, 2015). They should act as
role models for the children to emulate and embrace their behavior. The school
should have mechanisms that control the children behavior not only in the
school environment but also in their entire interactions in the society at
large.
The federal government of the United States
of America has set up the National gang intelligence center with the aim of
curbing the growth of criminal gangs which have been reportedly increasing
tremendously. The NGIC has the mandate to integrate the gang intelligence
across the individual states and the local law enforcement agencies (Ratcliffe,
2016).
The center provides timely and accurate information by ensuring that it
provides strategic analysis of intelligence. The
The Transnational Anti-Gang task force has
been established to curb the MS-13 and the 18th street gangs which are very
popular in the United States. The mission of this force is to investigate
interrupt and dismantle any of these transnational gangs (Howell, 2015). This force operates
as a team with the FBI. The government should also ensure that they initiate
the safe neighborhood projects that will help in reporting crimes when the
gangs start to form. This will help combat the criminal gangs from the
grassroots.
Recommendation
Parents must be provided with the necessary
education on how to spot the signs of aging associations of their children.
They should also be taught on how to work with their children to make the value
of the gangs seem less fashionable. 
Families also need help to deal with their children who show aspects of
deviance by joining street gangs (Krohn & Eassey, 2015). The school also
should put in place viable measures that will help in reducing the pressure for
the children to join the street gangs. The school should provide the law
enforcers with the right information on the development of gangs in the
schools.it should also give accurate information on drugs to the students (Phillips,
2015).
The teachers should also teach the students on how to “say no” to drugs and
other crimes.
Conclusion
As from the above statistics, street gangs
are very dangerous and bring about extensive problems (Howell, 2015). They are very
critical, and they should be dealt with immediate effect because they get
bigger and worse when they realize that there is no action being taken against
them. Even after the efforts of the government, and the social structures to
combat the gangs, the gangs have continued to grow tremendously in the United States
of America (Phillips, 2015). The above
recommendation is believed to bring an amicable solution if put in place since
they deal with the criminal gangs at the grassroots.
Howell, J. (2015). The history
of street gangs in the United States: their origins and transformations.
New York: Lexington Books.
Krohn, M., & Eassey, J. (2015).
Integrated theories of crime. The encyclopedia of theoretical criminology,
81-94.
Phillips, S. (2015). The Gang-Drug
Nexus: Violence, FBI Safe Streets Task Force. In New Approaches to Drug
Policies. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
Ratcliffe, J. (2016). Intelligence-led
policing. London, UK: Routledge.