Question:
Discuss About The Cerebral Palsy Along Activities Associated?
Around thirty years ago, cerebral palsy along with other activities associated with the development of the disabilities was considered as a huge challenge to recover. The emphasis had been focused on the intellectual handicap, and also on most of the children those are suffering from these issues. (Aspesberro, Mangione-Smith & Zimmerman, 2015). This denoted to placement in a categorized care unit or a health care institution regarding sub normal treatment. The voluntary agencies which are very much concern about this issue establish the special educational institution’s for treatment of the children and other individuals suffering from health cerebral palsy and other similar associated disabilities (Fda.gov, 2017).
As a health care provider of a young child who has been recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy which is in the transition of getting promoted health pre-school to primary school it is mandatory to be aware of the causes of cerebral palsy which is described as follows:
A malformation of cortical development is included in the congenital brain malformations which are considered among the renowned causes of cerebral palsy. The newly developed and modern techniques of imaging have been enabling more children with such health cases to be identified (Bethell, et al., 2014). More knowledge can be gained regarding critical dysplasia among which some contain genetic basis which is witnessing rapid increase (healthypeople, 2017). The other health conditions which are very much associated with the cerebral palsy are various kinds of cerebral malformations and children having congenital malformations of the brain also have additional anomalies which are not included in the central nervous system (Garg et al., 2015).
These kinds of causes encompass problems during delivery and labor pain during childbirth in the mothers (Maternal and Child Health, 2017). Obstetric emergencies like the ante partum haemorrhage, obstructed labor or cord prolapsed may lead to compromise the fetus which may further result in hypoxia. However, essential criteria need to be fulfilled for the attribution the condition to acute intrapartum a category (Bourke?Taylor et al., 2013).
Siblings and parental factors are reported very rarely. A very advanced paternal age is very frequently relevant in the case of cerebral palsy.
This category of cerebral palsy is the most severe category that involved the trunk and all the four limbs in risk. In this case, the upper limbs are very severely affected than that the lower limbs and the medical condition are further associated with acute hypoxic intrapartum asphyxia (Chang et al., 2015).
Spastic hemiparesis is a conditioned unilateral paresis in which the upper limbs are very much affected than the lower limbs. It is mostly found in the case of infants which accounts health around 58 percent and 17 percent of preterm infants (Maternal and Child Health Bureau, 2017).
Spastic diplegia is related to the low and prematurity birth weight. Mostly all the preterm infants suffering diplegia have the injury in the brain. The ischemia mostly occurs in the zone of the arterial vascular distributions. Around half of the children in Australia happen to develop such kind of frank cerebellar deficits with ataxia, in coordination and impaired movements which are very rapid and successive (Chemtob, Gudiño&Laraque, 2013).
Children those are suffering from cerebral palsy also associated with major different issues like epilepsy. The process of adjustment of children would include making them pass through the development stages by making them solve conventional developmental tasks along with challenges presented by the health condition (Maternal & Child Health Bureau, 2017).
The child, in this case, needs to be taught in the school to build strong and friendly connections with other children, deal and handle the changes in his body. Adjustment to the disability and the chronic diseases associated with it is adjusted with the degree of cerebral palsy, interpretation of cerebral palsy as per the child’s age, condition’s visibility, communicative and perceptual functioning of the child, and emotional status of the child (Davis et al., 2014).
For the locating the articles for the study and findings for the questions, the search engine which was used was Google and the key words which were used included “children suffering from cerebral palsy, major health issue adaptation and adjustment in schools by health care taker”.
In the article “Psychological factors in children with cerebral palsy and their families” by Svetlana Logar, cerebral palsy which is a chronic health issue serves as a framework of disability that occurs in childhood age which further gets manifested in a group of constraints in the function of the body (Logar, 2012). These abnormalities in the physical functioning arise from the disorders of the central nervous systems. According to “Health status of Australian children with mild to severe cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional survey using the Child Health Questionnaire” by M Wake* MD FRACP MBChB, Director and team, children suffering from severe cerebral palsy happen to have poorest physical health (Wake, Salmon & Reddihough, 2003). Children suffering from cerebral palsy were found to have bad health on every scale of Child Health Questionnaire which helped the team in the study (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2017). The article also revealed that the psychosocial health along with the emotional impact on the parents and the caretaker was found to be similar to that of severe and mild cerebral palsy which further stated that these should not be given less importance in the case of mild cerebral palsy (Karwowski et al., 2016).
In the article “Mental health problems in children with neuromotor disabilities” by Benjamin Klein and Canadian Pediatric Society, Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Committee, the environment provided in the school for children suffering from cerebral palsy needs to be very positive. It is also stated that the social involvement at school is observed to be providing a protective factor in the development of health of children (Klein, 2016). The findings derived from this article suggest that the children suffering from motor disorders like cerebral palsy increases the risk for neglecting the studies and social difficulties. According to the article on the “Cerebral Palsy World”, the changes in the aspects of environment would need to incorporate coordination and balance in the behavior of the child suffering from cerebral palsy. Most of them are in or during the ages of seven to twelve (healthypeople, 2017). In these ages, the rate of physical improvement of the child levels off which increases the importance of intellectual growth and learning along with increased focus on physical improvement. There is a contrast between the encouragement for the children with no disabilities and children suffering from cerebral palsy.
According to “Growth and Nutrition Disorders in Children” article by Michelle N. Kuperminc and Richard D. Stevenson, nutrition is found to play a very crucial role in the capability of the children suffering from cerebral palsy to adjust with the physical and cognitive limitations and the reactions of others around them as proper nutrition would enhance proper working of the hormones and other internal systems of the children’s body (Kuperminc& Stevenson, 2008). The article further states that the ability of the children suffering from cerebral palsy to adjust and react is greatly affected by the environmental factors which are often identified and yet poorly understood. It provided with the information that the children suffering from such disorder who are found to be living in the residential health care facilities have better physical health. According to the article “Chronic illness in childhood: Psychosocial adaptation and nursing support for the child and family” by D.Theofanidis, psychological support of the family is very much important for the children with cerebral palsy to adjust and cope with the cognitive and physical limitations and the reaction of others (Theofanidis, 2007). In accordance to “the Adolescent with a Chronic Condition” by Dr .-A. Michaud, the relationship with the team providing health care plays a very significant role in the ability to adapt to the cognitive and physical limitations (Michaud, Suris & Viner, 2007). The research and findings in the journal “Parents Adjustment for Caring for Cerebral Palsy Children” by Manal M., Mostafa, and team, proper respiratory exercises, dental care, frequent conversations with the child, helped the children to adjust with such disabilities in adapting to the cognitive and physical changes. As mentioned in the article “Education Techniques to help Children with Cerebral Palsy in the Classroom” by Dr Anne Zachry, assistance provided by the teachers and other faculties in the schools play a very prominent role in the capability of the children suffering with cerebral palsy to adapt as well as cope with various changes and reaction of other people towards them (McInerny, et al., 2016). The role of the professional physical therapist is very crucial in such cases according to the article as it would enhance the gross motor skills of the children along with the mobility and endurance which will help them in dealing with the changes in the cognitive and physical aspects of life (Maternal and Child Health, 2017). The use of assistive technological equipment can also help the students in having proper and effective communication (Nair et al., 2014). Having a speech-language therapist would also assist in helping the student with cerebral palsy in communicating functionally in all educational and social environments (Maternal and Child Health Bureau, 2017).
The health promotion and maintenance strategies that the schools might consider to implement in assisting the transition of the child along with the family into primary school environment are as follows:
Growth and development surveillance would provide crucial clues regarding the environment and condition of the kid with cerebral paralysis. Evaluation of the child height, growth, body mass index and weight need to be calculated at every visit of health supervision can be done. Parents would be given the data and information which would be provided to them in a written form and interpreted (Oza-Frank et al., 2015). Promotion of physical activity in the schools would enhance the health benefits to the children with cerebral palsy. It has been noted that there is an increasing disparity between reality and recommendations among these children. Barriers to physical activity such as lack of opportunities, transportation problems, lack of time and expense can be eradicated by the schools and further facilitate physical activity (Patel et al., 2013).
The authorities of schools need to incorporate health counseling and education for promoting healthy behaviors in the children with cerebral palsy. Instances of much-focused counseling and education of health may include identification of perceptions of family members which would further help in setting limited agenda, clarification of the requirements of both the kid and family and choosing teaching strategy (Maternal & Child Health Bureau, 2017). Finally, the evaluations of the effectiveness of the teaching strategies need to be incorporated by the authorities of the school (Zvara, Schoppe?Sullivan & Dush, 2013). The level of education of the parents and the cultural background has prominent implications on the reaction of the family to the treatment of the child regarding cerebral palsy. Guardians and parents of the children suffering from cerebral palsy having high educational qualification happen to have the cognitive capability and comprehension regarding the medical conditions, especially conditions like cerebral palsy (Paul et al., 2013). They happen to understand and accept the diagnosis and the medical implications that cerebral palsy of their children. They will be more receptive to recommendations provided by the health care providers and doctors during diagnosis and post-diagnosis (Fda.gov, 2017). Then again, the guardians of the kids with cerebral paralysis who don’t have the legitimate instructive capability, for the most part, tend not to have an open and expansive personality and gathering to the conclusion of their kids with cerebral paralysis. This area of guardians, as a rule, happens to posture negative responses to the conclusion of their youngster with cerebral paralysis. By and large, they would expect the restorative condition to be to a great degree perilous which can trigger negative responses from the guardians (Raju et al., 2014). The Cultural foundation of the guardians additionally assumes a critical part in deciding the response of the guardians towards the conclusion of cerebral paralysis in their kid. Parents with flexible culture are more receptive to the medical condition while the parents with rigid culture will have a hard time in accepting the medical condition (Ramakrishnan, Oberg & Kirby, 2014). Likewise, the parent with optimum educational and cultural background will be more supportive while providing health care while the parents with less educational qualification and rigid cultural background will be having comparatively stressful time while handling the care on a long-term basis (Fda.gov, 2017).
As per professional’s experimental learning it’s clear that in spite of the intellectual deficiencies the health education to the children those having such disabilities are possible. Professionals were able to gain knowledge regarding developing skills and techniques with the complicated aspects of the cerebral palsy (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2017). Families who have children with cerebral palsy need to have a positive attitude towards their child. There is a need for educating the parents as well as the public regarding the causes of cerebral palsy and options of treatment available to the respective families. Various innovative strategies and programs are required to be incorporated by the providers of healthcare as well as the educational institutions for providing effective and efficient care regarding the medical condition.
References
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