Question:
Discuss about the Case Study Of Statistical Program.
The case study of statistical program demonstrates the unethical behavior of the employees of the organization and managers. The case study involves the discussion between the Jean and her manager. Jean is the statistical database programmer who is working on the software development program for the company. The work assigned to her is complex in nature and she wants the time to complete that project. On the other hand, the manager puts a lot of pressure on her to complete the task in a few days and submit it to him. The pressure put by her manager results in the unethical behavior of the Jeans. Jean use the wrong techniques and various codes of the other projects because of the pressure of the manager. Moreover, Jean also makes use of the software packages of the other companies for their own personal uses and hide it from the management team, which is an unethical in nature. However, jean submits the project to her manager by hiding all the facts of the statistical programs (Bowern, et al., 2006).
Moving further, it is observed that the Jean and manager, both are behaving not in an ethical manner. Jean use the ways and steps which are unethical in nature and the reason of using these ways is the pressure from the manager. The manager also not understanding the nature of work. The pressure from the manager forced the employees in the organization to adopt the unethical approaches that lowers the productivity of the employees. It is also analyzed that the quality of the project decreases because of the immediate requirement of the project by the manager. Jean did not disclose the actual techniques and facts used by her in the software development project (NAR, 2015).
It is observed that the organization is not following the ethical norms in a proper way and these unethical activities in the organization affects the company as well as the performance of the employees (Gilman, 2005). There are no code of ethics standards are followed by the organizations and the employees in the organization are left with the options of using the wrong ways in order to complete the projects. The situation created by the manager for their employees leads to a huge loss because of the low quality and high cost of the projects.
The doing ethics technique, stands for the role played by the people in the organization. In the case study, there are two main roles, the manager and the employee, who performed unethically in the organization. It is being noted that the manager should not force the employee for the project submission without knowing the complexity of the task. Also, the employees should not perform the wrong activities in order to submit the project. As a result the role played by the both person are unethical. The management of the organization is the most essential element on which the company’s growth depends. The Management should check all the activities of the employees to avoid these problematic activities done by the workers (CIMA, 2015).
Talking about the ethical issues, then the manager assigned the project of the software development to Jean for the growth and enhancement of the organization. Now, Jean has the duty to perform in such a way that the project implementation, in the end, leads to make profits to the company. Whereas, Jean performed opposite to the expectations of the organization as she used the other company’s projects for their own project work and also hide this important information from the management which is illegal in nature. The effect of non disclosure of the facts is a very negative on the company performance. On the opposite side, looking at the manager behavior, then he also breaks the rules of the ethical standard as he cannot force or pressurized their employees. In fact, it is the responsibility of the managers of the organization to provide full support to the employees to get good results in return. The manager is the only reason that the employee performed in an unethical ways because he put a pressure on the employees for the completion of the programs and this type of behavior is not an ethical behavior (NASW, 2017).
Furthermore, the main purpose of investing the large amount of money by the investors and shareholders is to enhance the business of the organization. The company is highly affected by the negative ways adopted by the employees as these negative ways to lower the productivity of the employees. To tackle with these kinds of problems in the organization, the company should provide the training to all its employees and encourage them to use the ethical ways for their tasks and to explain them about the results of the wrongdoings and their impact on the organization. The consequences of the unethical activities affect the quality of work and the organization. The solution of all these problems is to provide the training to all the employees to increase their knowledge and the awareness in order to deal with the other parts of the business. The employees are the asset of the organization and the company has the responsibility to retain them for the longer period of time by supporting them as well as by handling their problems. Moreover, the time, money and efforts need to be devoted by the management on the employees to build a strong relationship with them (Society, 2009). As a result of which, the employees will share their opinions and problems with the management very openly and freely. The strong communication level between the employee and the management avoid the issues related to ethics already existing in the organization. The gap of communication can be reduced so that the employees will feel the comfort level with the management to share the problems openly. The openness is the best element that exists in the guidelines of the code of ethics that aims to eradicate the ethical issues from the organization (Hutchings, 2016).
There are no particular legislations and the standards set by some of the industries. The ICT (Information and communication technology) industry is one of them who has not built any legislations and these industries follows the ACS code of ethics. According to the ACS code of ethics, the ethics should be implemented and applied for the benefits of the industries. Australian computer Society code of ethics provides the framework that focuses on the performance of the employees and the organization and their ethical manners without harming the other employees or without doing any illegal actions. No doubt, ethics are important for the growth of the business, but it also needs the proper application in the organization. The code of ethics and their guidelines are helpful in determining the right and wrong activities as well as protecting the workplace from the illegal activities. The ethics include the several elements such as the esteem, reliability and the sincerity in order to perform ethically for the welfare of the organization as well as for the society (Graham & Low, 2014).
According to the ACS code of ethics, there are four main basic principles which are as follows:
Open Communication: This is the best solution of every problem related to ethics as according to this principle, the employees can share their views as well as opinions for the betterment of the company. The problems faced by them in the company, can also be shared with the management to resolve these type of issues in the ICT industries. In the context of the case study, Jean could share their problems and discuss about the complex nature of the work with the manager in order to behave ethically and avoid the wrongdoings which she adopted while completing the project.
The sharing of the problems and opinions allows the management to build the strategies to deal with the problems of the employees and to eliminate the unethical issues from the company. Every management of the company needs to understand the problems of the employees in order to deal with them for the efficiency of the company. Jean also adopts the unethical means because of the lack of communication as she was not able to communicate with the management and she submits the work without saying anything to her manager. The problems of the employee and management can be resolved if there is a strong connection exists in the employees and management of the company (Ferguson, et al., 2005).
Respect: this is the second principle that depicts that en individual receives the respect only when you gave respect to someone. The arrogant behavior in the organization between the employee and management leads to the disrespect for each other. The respect between the employees and managers leads to improve the performance of the employees as it creates the positive working environment. This principle is based on the rule of the “give and take” as nobody can give the respect until or unless other disrespecting that person. The negative attitude results in the negative environment for the employees that adversely affect the performance of the employees (Zahedi, et al., 2013).
Loyalty and Honesty: The third principle is the Loyalty and the honesty of the employees. In the present case study, jean is not honest and loyal towards the company as she hides the thing from the management and use the wrong techniques for the development of the softwares. The Loyalty and honesty of the employees is the gift to the organizations
Excellence: At last, the excellence principles of the code of ethics of the ACS refer to the satisfaction and obligation towards the organization. However, Code of ethics are very beneficial in identifying the right or wrong, positive and negative activities of the employees (Wheeler, 2003).
However, in this case study, I have observed that the manager and jean both are failed to follow the code of ethics as both are not performing in an ethical way. The manager was not ready to understand the effect of the pressure on the employees and he continuously put a lot of burden on the employees. The manager is not focusing on the complex nature of the tasks and the not even supporting the jean in her projects. The burden on the employees make him frustrated and that lead to decrease the productivity of the employees. Moving further, jean is also using the technologies in a wrong way to make all the products more easier. With the help of the technologies, the company can implement and applied the code of ethics in a proper and efficient way. Jean had made the misuse of technology by integrating the work of another co-worker in her project. Using the software package of another company and the integration of the same in her project is also unethical and against the norms set by the organization (Porter, 2013).
As per the ACS code of ethics, the employee should be treated equally and with honor. The company should avoid the discrimination in the business organization just to create the positivity in the working environment. Therefore, the companies can take the legal actions against the people who have the unethical behavior in the organization. Similarly, the company can take the legal action against the Jean as he used the unethical ways to develop the one statistical program.
It is the duty of the company to maintain the staff members in the organization by providing the training and development programs. The unethical behavior may have the short run impact, but for long term it has the negative effect. Jean also submitted the project just for the sake of meeting deadline for the short period of time, but for the long term, the implementation of the statistical program will affect the company’s growth. The ethical and unethical behavior of the employees can be judged by the organization at the time of the recruitment process. The code of ethics of the organization further minimizes the risk of ethical dilemma (Leicester, 2016).
Conclusion that brings together the two analyses and presents overall recommendations
After analyzing the both the persons, manager and jeans, it is concluded that both the people are equally responsible for violating the ethical standards. The manager should have the supportive behavior rather than stressful, so that the jeans performed in an ethical way. The pressure put by the manager no doubt, was an unethical behavior. The projects of the software development are difficult in nature and they need enough time to complete. The manager should give the Jeans sufficient time to perform the tasks. There are no code of ethics standards are followed by the organizations and the employees in the organization are left with the options of using the wrong ways in order to complete the projects. The situation created by the manager for their employees leads to a huge loss because of the low quality and high cost of the projects.
The management of the organization is the most essential element on which the company’s growth depends. The Management should check all the activities of the employees to avoid these problematic activities done by the workers. To tackle with these kinds of problems in the organization, the company should provide the training to all its employees and encourage them to use the ethical ways for their tasks and to explain them about the results of the wrongdoings and their impact on the organization. The consequences of the unethical activities affect the quality of work and the organization. The solution of all these problems is to provide the training to all the employees to increase their knowledge and the awareness in order to deal with the other parts of the business. The employees are the asset of the organization and the company has the responsibility to retain them for the longer period of time by supporting them as well as by handling their problems. The problems faced by them in the company, can also be shared with the management to resolve these type of issues in the ICT industries. The respect between the employees and managers leads to improve the performance of the employees as it creates the positive working environment. With the help of the technologies, the company can implement and applied the code of ethics in a proper and efficient way. As a result of which, the employees will share their opinions and problems with the management very openly and freely. The strong communication level between the employee and the management avoid the issues related to ethics already existing in the organization.
References
Association, A. P., 2010. Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, Available at: https://www.apa.org/ethics/code/principles.pdf
Bowern, M., Burmeister, O., Gotterbarn, D. & Weckert, J., 2006. ICT Integrity: bringing the ACS code of ethics up to date. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 13(2).
CIMA, 2015. Ethical checklist: You need to act quickly when facing an ethical dilemmal, Available at: https://www.cimaglobal.com/Global/Images/standards-and-ethics/ethics_checklist_web_June2015_update.pdf
Ferguson, S. et al., 2005. Case studies and codes of ethics: the relevance of the ethics: the relevance of the, Available at: https://www.canberra.edu.au/researchrepository/file/e4e124f4-b65b-1813-688a-8787cb3cf95d/1/fulltext_published.pdf
Gilman, S., 2005. Ethics codes and codes of conduct as tools for promoting an ethical and professional public service: comparative successes and lessons, Available at: https://www.oecd.org/mena/governance/35521418.pdf
Graham, G. & Low, G., 2014. ACS Code of Professional Conduct, Available at: https://www.oecd.org/mena/governance/35521418.pdf
Hutchings, T., 2016. Protecting the Profession — Professional Ethics in the Classroom, Available at: https://www.ets.org/s/proethica/pdf/real-clear-articles.pdf
Leicester, N., 2016. Ethics in the IT Profession: Does a Code of Ethics have an Effect on Professional Behaviour?, Available at: https://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10063/5127/project.pdf?sequence=1
NAR, 2015. Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice of the National Association of Realtors, Available at: https://medcom.uiowa.edu/annsblog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Code-of-Ethics-article.pdf
NASW, 2017. Code of Ethics: Approved by the 1996 NASW Delegate Assembly and revised by the 2008 NASW Delegate Assembly. [Online]
Available at: https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics.aspx
Porter, R., 2013. The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics: It Is More Than Skin Deep, Available at: https://medcom.uiowa.edu/annsblog/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Code-of-Ethics-article.pdf
Society, T. B. P., 2009. Code of Ethics and Conduct: Guidance published by the Ethics Committee of the British Psychological Society, Available at: https://beta.bps.org.uk/sites/beta.bps.org.uk/files/Policy%20-%20Files/Code%20of%20Ethics%20and%20Conduct%20%282009%29.pdf
Wheeler, S., 2003. Comparing Three IS Codes of Ethics – ACM, ACS and BCS, Available at: https://www.pacis-net.org/file/2003/papers/ethics/234.pdf
Zahedi, E., Sanjari, M. & Aala, M., 2013. The Code of Ethics for Nurses. PMC journal, 42(1), p. 1–8.
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