Discuss About The Production Of Compounds That Are Organic.
Answer: Muriatic acid which is also known as the hydrochloric acid is an inorganic acid which is colourless and it has the chemical formula H2O: HCL. Muriatic acid has a suffocating smell and it is strongly acidic in nature, and it attacks the skins and can cause blisters, this is because hydrogen chloride can completely dissociate in solution that is aqueous in nature. The muriatic acid is a system of chlorine and water. It is a solution which contains hydrogen chloride and water and other chemicals including the hydronium ions and chloride ions. It is a key reagent and chemical which is used in the industries. It is used for producing polyvinyl chloride which is an important chemical for production of plastic. Muriatic acid is also used in the household which is in the diluted form and it is used as a descaling agent. It is also used in the food industry as an additive in food and it is also used in the production of an important chemical known as gelatin. Muriatic acid or hydrochloric acid is also used in the processing of leather. Muriatic acid is the common name of hydrochloric acid which was first discovered by an alchemist known as Jabr Ibn Hayyan in the year 800 AD. It was originally called the acidium salts or the spirit of salts as it was discovered from the rock salt and green vitriol which is also known as iron sulphate and later it was produced from common salt or sodium chloride and sulphuric acid. In the 16th century it was described by Libavius. After that it was used by the famous chemists like Davy, Priestly and Glauber. If there is sixty percent or less of water in the hydrochloric acid then it will turn into gas. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is also known as the hydronium chloride. Aqua Regia is a chemical which is produced by mixing muriatic acid and nitric acid. It can also be prepared by mixing or dissolving sal ammoniac in nitric acid. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is usually a salt of chloride and hydronium ion. It can be prepared by mixing HCL and water in fixed amounts. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid because it dissociates completely in water. So it can be used in the preparation of salts commonly called chlorides. An example of chloride salt is sodium chloride or common salt. When the chloride salts for example sodium chloride is added to a solution of hydrochloric acid, it have only a small effect on the pH which indicates that chloride ion is a very weak base which is conjugate in nature and it also suggest that hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid dissociates completely in water. Out of the six strong acids which are studied in chemistry hydrochloric acid is an acid which monoprotic in nature which means that it can undergo oxidation and reduction reaction simultaneously. The hydrochloric acid is an acid which is least hazardous or dangerous in nature and it contains chloride ions which are non reactive and non toxic in nature. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is very stable when they are stored and their concentration does not change with time. It is a very good reagent for acidifying. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acids are always preferred over any acids in titration for checking the amount of bases that are present in a solution. The boiling point or azeotopic of hydrochloric acid which is roughly 20.2% can be used in the quantative analysis. The accurate concentration of hydrochloric acid depends on the pressure of the atmosphere. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is used frequently in the analysis of chemicals. Hydrochloric acid in its concentrated form can dissolve metals and it forms respective metallic chlorides and hydrogen gas. The physical properties of hydrochloric acid are melting and boiling points, pH and density. These properties depend on the molarity or concentration of the hydrochloric acid in water. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid has a azeotrope of boiling at 20.2% of HCL and at a temperature of 108.6 F. Hydrochloric acid is prepared by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. Hydrogen chloride can be produced in many ways and hence there are several methods for the production of hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is produced in solutions which has a concentration of 38% HCL. Hydrochloric acid can have a concentration o 40% but the evaporation rate of this is very high that its storage and handling of the acid requires extra care such as cooling and pressurization of the acid. HCL is sold in US with a concentration of 30%-35%. HCL with a concentration of 20%-32% is commonly known as the muriatic acid for in the United States for the household purposes. Hydrochloric acid is sold as the spirit of salts in the United Kingdom and in the countries such as Italy; hydrochloric acid is commonly called Acido Muriatico and it has a concentration of about 5%-32%. The main producer of hydrochloric acid is Dow Chemical which produces hydrochloric acid of about 2 million metric tons in a year. Other producers of the acid include Georgia Gulf Corporation, Akzo Nobel and Tososh Corporation which produces 0.5 to 1.5 metric tons of hydrochloric acid in a year. Hydrochloric acid commonly known as muriatic acid is present in the body of human beings. It is present in the stomach of living organisms and it has a pH value of 1 to 2. This acid protects our body from the micro-organisms that enter our boy through food and it also helps in the digestion of the food.
Answer: Hydrochloric acid which is commonly known as the muriatic acid has many uses in the industries. The uses of the muriatic acid are as follows:
Pickling of steel: An important application of hydrochloric acid is the pickling of steel. It consists of processes such as the removal of rust from steel or iron before the processing of iron or steel. The processing of iron consists of processes such as galvanizing, rolling and other techniques. For the pickling of steel thee concentration of hydrochloric acid should be around 18%.
Neutralization and pH control: Hydrochloric or muriatic acid can be used for the regulation of acidity of certain solutions. In the industries where purity is required, hydrochloric acid is used for the pH control of water. In industries where the demand of purity is less, hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is used in the neutralization of the wastes and it is also used for controlling the pH of swimming pools.
Production of compounds that are inorganic: Hydrochloric or muriatic acids can be used to produce many compounds which are inorganic in nature from the acid base reactions. The chemicals that can be produced from hydrochloric acid are polyaluminium chloride and iron chloride. These two compounds are used for treating the waters of sewage and waste waters and also used in production of paper. Other inorganic compounds that can be produced from hydrochloric acid are calcium chloride and nickel chloride.
Production of compounds that are organic: Hydrochloric acid can be used in the production of compounds that are organic in nature. The organic compounds that can be produced from hydrochloric acid are dichloroethane and vinyl chloride for producing polyvinyl chloride. The other organic compounds that are produced from hydrochloric acid are ascorbic acid and bisphenol A and many different types of products of pharmaceuticals.
Other uses: The other uses of hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid can be processing of leather, common salt purification and cleaning of household. Oil can also be produced from hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is first injected into the rocks where the oil well is situated. It is also used in the food industry for additives of food. Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is used for breaking down chalk or calcium carbonate that is cleaning the mortar from the brick.
Answer: hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid in its concentrated form forms mists which are acidic in nature. Both the solution and the mist of hydrochloric acid can cause harm to the human skin and human tissue. It can cause damage to the respiratory organs, eyes, intestines and skin. Muriatic should be used safely because it is corrosive in nature. Equipments that are protective in nature which consists of gloves that are made up of latex and goggles for the eye should be worn when using the hydrochloric acid in concentrated form. Clothes which are chemical resistant and covered shoes should be worn during the handling of muriatic acid. The hydrochloric acid should be kept under a fume of hood or else in an area which is well ventilated. It can cause burns and surfaces that are damaged if it gets direct contact with the skin. The advice that is given on the container of the acid must be strictly followed because the acid is highly corrosive in its concentrated form.
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