Discuss about the Human Population And Consequent Rise In Pollution.
The rise in human population and the consequent rise in the pollution level around the world have lead to serious degradation of some of the natural resources (Mudd, 2013). One of the most essential natural resources is water, it essentiality is inevitable. Every living being has to depend on water on a daily basis and cannot survive without it (Molden, 2013). The increase in population has lead to serious imbalance in the water usage pattern around the world. A significant rise in the population meant a rise in the level of pollution in the atmosphere. The atmosphere is polluted and hence the water bodies too suffer serious amount of pollution and it leads to their degradation. The report focuses on the issue of water scarcity in India and the various causes that are associated with the phenomenon will be discussed in greater details. The various steps taken up by the government and the people of India will be further discussed in this report. India is one of the fastest developing countries in the world and hence the pressure on the natural resource base of the country is immense. The people of the country need to work on preservation of water right away so that the future generations get their hands on the various natural resources that are prevalent in the country.
The importance of water is huge and people use it in plenty but never has it been regarded to as a commodity that needs preservation. Water has never been central to the planning process in the urban society, however it is high time for a country like India to change the attitude and focus on preserving water. India, being one of the oldest civilizations that grew around the Indus and the Ganges River, never identified the need to plan the water resources (Masson-Ousel, Stern & Willman-Grabowska, 2013). The dams were built in the period of independence and since then no other significant work has been done on water in the country and people have kept using it according to their wishes. The severe issue of water scarcity is prevalent in the country more because of the uneven pattern of waste disposal in the country. Due to the improper system of waste disposal it is seen that the Ganges river basin is becoming smaller day by day (Rai, 2013). Such huge amounts of wastes are deposited in the Ganges River that it has become smaller in size and hence the amount of water has also reduced. The waste disposal system has lead to even cleaner rivers getting dirty and hence turning the water unusable for the everyday needs of the people. Due to such scarcity it is seen that the people from various villages are using water from unprotected sources and hence getting prone to many water borne diseases. The access to safe water for every household in the country has reduced substantially and hence it makes the country prone to the diseases.
It is seen that with pollution in water and wrong waste disposal patterns comes a bag full of diseases that can have deadly consequences. The water in the country acts a breeding ground of diseases and such diseases take many lives in the country. The waste disposal at times blocks the passage of water flow and results inn stagnation of water at a particular place. The stagnated water has many consequences and it is said to be the breeding ground for mosquitoes that spread malaria (Godfray, 2013). There are other deadly diseases that are resulted from the water pollution in the country. Diseases such as cholera and diarrhea are known to have claimed more lives in the rural areas of the country than any other disease. The poor condition of health in the nation is attributed to the worst condition of water in the country. The water resources are being constantly exploited and left open that makes it easier for the disease causing organisms to enter the system and cause serious diseases to those who are exposed to the organism. In situations of flood, the rural India suffers a great deal from the problem of diseases caused from water. The flood brings with it all the pollutants that have been disposed in the rivers and these harm the people and cause serious ailments. Dengue is a disease that has been lately very much in action in the country and the cause was stagnated water. It has to be ensured that such stagnated water should always be flowed away so that nothing of sorts can breed in it to cause harm.
The lack of water has lead to various energy sources to be shut down. The lack of for the production of energy has lead to such sources being unable to produce energy. The hydro power plants such as Farakka in Kolkata had to be closed for 12 days due to the lack of water availability to produce electricity. Farakka is known to be responsible to produce at much as 1.13 percent of the country’s total electricity (Gain & Giupponi, 2014). The coal mines and other energy sources that need water to generate power often needs to be closed due to the lack of water. The improper disposal system often leads to water being reduced and the flow to get damaged in the areas where such dams and energy production units are established. Water is the utmost need for human beings to survive and the lack of it has lead to a new business to develop in some parts of the country. Bottles of water are transported to the rural parts of the country so that they can use the water and make sure that they survive a healthy life. The people need to depend on the trucks or vendors to arrive in order to get water that is safe for consumption and use.
In order to make sure that the present situation of water scarcity in the country is resolved, it is essential for the government of the country to take steps that would accommodate water conservation on a greater scale. It has to be a collective effort from the government and the public of the country to preserve the water sources and make sure that the country does not suffer from the ill effects of water scarcity (Percival et al., 2017). A responsible behavior from both the ends have to be incorporated and it has to be made sure that the common target has to be achieved.
The issue of water scarcity massively affects the people who live in the country and hence the approach of the people to preserve water has to be integrated in the country. As the citizens are the worst sufferers of the issue in the country and hence it has to be the people of the country who voluntarily need to make sure that the steps are taken towards the conservation of water in the environment. The public has to be proactive in making sure that the water resources are safeguarded and the use of water is also done in judicious way. The people have the power to make sure that the waste disposal practices are limited and kept in a watch so that they do not affect the water sources of the country (Guerrero, Maas & Hogland, 2013). An integrated approach is a must to achieve positive results for the present scenario. The entire society has to understand the need of the hour and they are needed to be educated about the impending crisis and the needed steps are to be formulated for immediate execution. The main issue remains the waste disposal and the usage pattern of water in the country. People need to check the usage of the water and make sure that they do not overuse and exploit the natural sources in a way that harms the environment as further depletion will only aggravate the problem and the consequences are to be faced by them.
The prime aim of the state remains in making the environment suitable for its citizens. The government of India has taken up several steps to make sure that the situation of water pollution is taken care of. The government has enacted various laws to ensure that the water resources are not polluted as they have been done for a long period and their over exploitation has to be stopped by the enactment of such laws and acts (Grindle, 2017). The overall situation can only be improved for the country when the citizens adheres to such laws and acts and makes sure that the common goal is achieved through integrity. The policies of the government have to be taken up seriously by the government so that water bodies return to their regular state in the country. Some of the major steps taken up by the government if the country to make sure that water pollution is reduced are mentioned below-
This act makes sure that the pollution levels of the water bodies are controlled and they are not over exploited by the people. The proper maintenance of the water bodies is taken care of by this act. The Centre distributes the duties to the state to make sure that the rivers and streams they have under their jurisdiction are well taken care of and are not exceedingly polluted (Vikas & Dwarakish, 2015). A Central Pollution Control board has been set up under this act that provides suggestions to the central government on issues to water bodies and the related care they require over a period of time.
The section 24 of the act makes sure that the every individual in the society is imposed with a duty to make sure that no harmful toxic pollutants is mixed into the rivers and the waste disposal is completely kept in check by the citizens on their part.
The act makes sure that the interstate disputes regarding water division is kept in check and all the states get an equal access to the water sources (Pathak, 2013). The main aim of the act is to ensure that every state has sufficient water resources and hence does not suffer from lack of water.
The section 277 makes sure that any person found violating the laws and polluting a water body shall be a subject to punishment and fine from the government. Such action are penalized and it ensures that people reduce the waste disposal in rivers and come forward in protecting the rivers. A person if commits the crime of fouling a public reservoir by adding toxics to it, the person shall be subjected to a fine or a imprisonment for 3-6 months according to the section in Indian Penal Code (Gowda, Sundharam & Jyothi Mahadesh, 2014).
The Ganga action plan was implemented in the year of 1986 by the then Prime minister Shree Rajeev Gandhi. The action plan is regarded to be a successful to some extent and its main aim was to prevent the Ganges River from being polluted and make sure that the industrial discharge into the river is kept under check (Rai, 2013). The wastes that came from industries needed to be treated separately so that the river does not absorb the harmful chemicals as they put the river in danger and decreases the quality of water and also affects the river ecosystem completely.
There are number of such acts that make sure that the water pollution is treated and the scarcity is addressed by the authority. The implementation of the same needs to be checked and a body should be created that will look after the progress in these areas and provide guidance to the government on the issue of water pollution and waste disposal policies in the country.
India is in a situation where the issue of water pollution is increasing and people are yet being ignorant to the entire issue. The focus of the country needs to shift towards this thriving issue and the importance of water has to be re-assessed so that it is understood that a lack of such a resource may lead to greater issues for the country. The government is regularly blamed for its neglecting attitude towards the issue and it is high time that relevant steps are taken so that the situation of water crisis in the country subsides and the future if the country is ensured (Hueso & Bell, 2013).
Conclusion
The case study in the report informs that the country is reeling under serious issues regarding water resources and its conservation. It is understood that the people of the country needs to educated about the issue in a greater way so that they can make understand the seriousness of the issue. For the people to know that the country has a crisis in the coming, it is essential for the government to wave programs that inform the people about the crisis. As long as the people do not understand the seriousness of the issue it is impossible to gain agreement from them on the issue. The government policies that have been framed to conserved water have to be implemented in a stricter framework so that the people understand that not adhering to those can have serious consequences. The government has been constantly blamed for lacking the intent to strictly look at the issue of water conservation in the country. Water is an essential commodity and the due respect and importance has to be given to it so that the condition in the state improves. The people are under threat and this treat has to be made clear to them so that they react accordingly and make sure that the water bodies are taken care of. The waste disposal and sewage system of the country needs to be operated in a better way so that the wastes are no disposed off directly to rivers. A proper waste management policy and a set up that will facilitate treatment of the waste before pouring it into river has to be established and used so that the rivers are free from the pollutants. When the people will start working with the government, it will be seen that the issues of river pollution and sewage problem in the water resources will subsequently come down and India will become a country with better water sources and cleaner streams and rivers.
Reference
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