Discuss about the Women Mental Health.
The mental sickness is connected with the major burden of disability and morbidity. The mental illness equally affects the men and the women, but some of the mental illness is very common among the women (Chantler, 2002). There are many social factors which result the women with poorer mental health in comparison to the men. Generally, the women are in the exposure to the specific social factors which increase the risk of health issues. The status and the role of the women has also resulted into an increased risk towards the mental health. Significance:
The research will help to build and put together the causes and prevalence of the issues related to the mental health in women. The research will also discuss about the protective and the mediating factors related to the mental health of women. The objective of the research is to promote the implementation and the formulation of the policies related to the women’s health. Encourage the implementation and the formulation of the health policies which do address the basic women’s needs and the related concerns from the childhood till the old age (Chantler, 2002).
Promotes the competence of basic and primary health care providers in order to treat and recognize the mental health results/consequences of any kind of the sexual abuse, domestic violence, plus chronic and acute stress refer women (Eklund, 2013). The depressive disorders result in a close to around 41.9% of the mix functioning as well as disability from the neuropsychiatric problems or disorders among females compared to around 29.3% among males (Eklund, 2013).
The main mental health disorders or problems of the aged adults are organic brain syndromes, depression, and the basic dementias with this, mainly females are infected.
As per the surveys around 80% of the fifty million people who are affected by the civil wars, violent conflicts, displacement, disasters etc are mainly the females or the kids (Eklund, 2013).
The lifetime prevalence percentage of violence against females roughly ranges from around 16% to as much as 50%. Around 1 among the five females does suffer from the serious crimes such as rape or an attempt to rape in their whole lifetime (Eklund, 2013).
Anxiety, depression, sexual violence, psychological distress and domestic violence are in its escalating percentage/rates affecting the females much more as compared to males all across the universe (Eklund, 2013).
The pressures that are created by so many roles, associated factors of poverty, gender discrimination and malnutrition, hunger, overwork, sexual abuse and domestic violence, combine to ultimately results in a very poor mental health of women. There occurs a direct proportionate between the frequency and the severity of such social factors and the frequency and severity of social and mental health complications among women. Suck kind of severe and acute life events which cause a sense of inferiority, loss, entrapment or the humiliation can predict and attract depression.
What are the common mental health issues among the women?
How depressions in great extent affect the mental health of the Women?
What aspect of the women mental heath needs the increased attention?
What are the policies, programs or the services to work on the improvement of the mental health of the women?
The mental health is just not simply an absence of the mental illness, it basically is a crucial state of social and emotional wellbeing whereas an individual may cope up with the usual and normal stresses of day to day life and on the other hand achieve their potential. As per, the World Health Organisation, 1999 (Chantler, 2002) the main determinants of the mental illness and the mental health cover the psychological, biological, social, economic, and the environmental factors at various levels which include family, individual, national, community and global.
Mental health is intimately interwoven with the physical health. Mental health of the person gets worse when the physical health goes down additionally with the poor nutritional status. The state of the mental health is also affected or is the result of some social circumstances. Accordingly, the women are at the higher risk of the issues related to the mental health as the women carry the unpaid disproportionate workload of caring the children, the household tasks and the other dependent relations of the family (Collective, 2002). The other reason for the poor mental health is due to not being part or takes the financial decessions independently. Women experience the poor mental health also because of the coercion and the violence which she experiences form her intimate partner. The other reason for the mental stress is due to not having the right or having few access to the protective factors for completely participating in the paid employment, political decision-making and education (Collective, 2002).
The conditions of the anxiety and the depression may happen at any phase of the life but in the women’s is it’s more likely to be experienced during the time period of their pregnancy or the period followed by the baby birth. It is found that out of the 10 women one woman often experiences depression during the pregnancy and almost nine women out of the seven women experiences depression during the first year of the baby birth (Collective, 2002). The conditions related to the anxiety are to be least common as compared to the depression during the pregnancy and the following month whereras, many of the women experience similar conditions at the similar period.
To considerate the recognizing and the risks related to the symptoms and signs of anxiety, depression, and suicide can help the women to recognize such health issues in themselves and others and to go for the right care and the treatment available for the recovery (Collective, 2002).
The Avotri & Walters in their studied concluded that the physiological health issues among the women are due to the overburden of the work and also due to the worries of higher level predominancy over the health concern (Costa, 2011). The women attribute their mental distress to the emotional responsibility of the family, financial distress, division of the labor based on gender and heavy workload put the misappropriated burden of the women. In the other studies of the women with HIV positive well-being and the mental health are the main focus of the participants (Costa, 2011).
The poor mental health may result with the risk of the sexual behavior and also act as the substance of abuse throughout the impair decision making and the judgment which can dramatically affect the health of the women (Davison & Huntington, 2010). The behavior related to the health care includes the compliance related with the medical regimes and also the antiretroviral therapy for the well-being of the women health.
This is reliable to say that the women are twice expected to occur depression and anxiety as compared to the men. Women are also more prone towards the self-harm or to the suicide attempts if the women in their childhood have experienced the domestic violence or are sexually abuse (Eklund, 2013). The adolescent girls with the unintentional pregnancies are more elevated towards the suicide risk and the mental health issues.
Sexual abuse is a recurrent trait in the narration of women with the co- occurring issues related to the mental health and is not address thoroughly. Stewart & Robinson in one of the reviews related to the literature on violent behavior recognized an inclination to encourage the thought of “female masochism” which suggest that the women themselves in the way are accountable for their personal victimization” (Davison & Huntington, 2010). The literature normally failed to examine or acknowledge the societal factors, together with the aspiration to preserve the integrity and the financial dependence of their relationship, this avoids women as of separation of violent relationships. The broader societal factors are also connected with the after childbirth depression. The deprived social support, together with having a small number of friends or the confiding relationships and the deficient in assistance in the crises, is associated to the postpartum depression (Eklund, 2013).
Females are much more likely to have been given treatment for the mental health complexities or problem as compared to males, this figure is approximately 29% in comparison to just 17% in the case of men. Such kind of situation clearly reflects, females greater capability to accept that they are tortured, troubled and get care and support (Choi, 2015). This may also clearly reflect the doctor’s willingness and expectations of the type of bodily and mental health problem which females are much likely to encounter (Choi, 2015).
Around 25% of humans who die as a result of suicide are females. Here again, females greater percentage or the emotional literacy and readiness to conversate to others all about their thinking’s and feelings, seek assistance may for sure protect them from the severe suicidal kinds of feelings (Choi, 2015). Further, this has also been noticed that being a married woman or a mother also developed among females less likely feeling to take their life by way of crimes such as suicides.
The purpose of the research is discuss about the women mental health. Research methodology generally consists of the various phases in which the required or the intended research has to be performed and conducted. The research related to the mental health illness among the women is conducted by both the qualitative and the quantitative methodologies transversely through the disciplines in both the social science and medicine. The research related to the women mental health will be based on developing the inductive method for the research by observ ing the different aspects of the women social life and then seek to discover the patterns which may help to point the relative universal principles.
Their major phases or the stages are explained as below; the study shall undertake the primary as well as the secondary data gathering processes plus the analysis shall be that of much quantitative in nature. The main data shall be gathered from the sample respondents which are chosen from the different areas of Ghana with the assistance of a survey which shall be conducted with the help of a specific and structured questionnaire that is administered as the basic data gathering tools (Bengtsson-Tops & Svensson, 2010).
The data shall be gathered or thus collected shall be primary and on the other hand, secondary as well by nature. The basic primary data shall be collected from the appropriate participants which are a part of this research. The other data or the secondary data shall be gathered by the literature review process after studying different articles that are present and available on the internet (Bengtsson-Tops & Svensson, 2010). The research shall compare the findings refer the primary data analysis with the secondary data analysis so as to find out the disconnects and the gaps at any stage if any and also to offer the necessary recommendations in order to resolve the complexities and issue (Bengtsson-Tops & Svensson, 2010).
Two different studies which were conducted during the year 1990s provides a suggestion that is much more complex and provides varied pictures. A survey which is quantitative by nature conducted for 1000 women in Accra suggested that most 88% said that they shall seek assistance from the hospitals which deals in the treatment of the psychiatric and only a fraction which is approximately 8.2% said that they shall consult the old and the traditional healers (Chantler, 2002).
The most significant socio-demographic aspect that influences the direction towards the help-seeking was the residence area, migration status, ethnicity and the prior use of the medication. Women who supposed the reason of insanity to be stress-related or natural where they are likely to look for the aid from the psychological hospitals as compared to the women suffering from the supernatural causation (Kumar, Haque Nizamie, & Srivastava, 2013). In the same way, the study related to the social change in the fundamental philosophy of the treatment preferences and the mental disorders among the women of Ghana is found rather than to emphasis on the spiritual causation for mental illness among the women of another area (Kumar, Haque Nizamie, & Srivastava, 2013). The respondent attributed towards the different casual factors to draw mental illness from the social, spiritual and the biological models.
The worldwide studies also found that the absence of the practical support from relatives, and the absence of the dedicated care during the early period of the postpartum is to be very commonly reported, comparing with the women who suffer from depression with the women not suffering form the mental stage of depression (Kumar, Haque Nizamie, & Srivastava, 2013).
The Early clinicians and the researchers predicted an enlargement in the mental health disorders among the women. In the beginning of 1980, the WHO (World Health Organisation) sponsored one of the studies which utilize the SADD (Standardized Assessment for Depressive Disorders). The fifty patients, which were assessed through the SADD, out of which the 35 were the females and tension and anxiety, were observed as the core symptoms expressed by the selected women with the expression of the self-approach and the guilt by the Thirty-five percent (Kumar, Haque Nizamie, & Srivastava, 2013). Feelings related to the loss of interest, sadness, and the enjoyment was reported commonly among the group of women. Among those forty women reported the somatic symptoms which include the bodily heat, headaches and the common body pains.
The researchers attitudes and beliefs towards the mental illness suggest that the mental illness among the women not only influence their help-seeking behaviour but also the social inclusion, caregiving and stigma is also influenced. Research in the women mental health not only points the social exclusion, stigma and abusing the human rights of the women, whereas includes the potential resources for the social integration and the support of the those people suffering from the mental illness (Preston, 2002). The research on the mental health has to primarily focus on the experiences of the mentally ill people and also on the experiences of the caregiver. The present research suggests the financial, physiological and the high social burden for the sick people and the caregiving persons and the further research in the area could also help in providing the tool for arguing in greater extent for the mental illness as neglected by the public health concern (Williams & Scott, 2002).
The multidisciplinary research is required on the specific psychological and social factors which play a vital part in the course of mental disorders and etiology among the women. Presently the figure of the women having the right to use the care that incorporates their concerns related to the mental is moderately dismal (Williams & Scott, 2002). Not the cost effective and the feasible interventions are possible, but the before time diagnosis and the detection of problems related to the women mental health are to be undertaken by skilled major health care employees. Together the simple psychological intervention like the interpersonal, supportive, cognitive-behavioural and the concise solution determined therapies and when necessary, psychotropic medications are capable of delivering in the course of the key health care assistance for the medication of the numerous mental health issue (Williams & Scott, 2002). The hospitalization of anxiety, trauma reactions and depression results an enhanced physical health, to the social functioning and quality life to the remnants of domestic violence.
Conclusion:
The health care workers may also include the partner, family or the peers in the support of the enhancing the women health and also act as the agents for the changes in the environment of the family. The social atmosphere, together with the community, organizations and the health systems, can be prepared further, receptive and aware of the issues related to the mental health of the women and the families (Wapenyi, 2010). In various settings and culture-bound relics or another ending ritual, plays an effective role in the recovery of the women mental health.
On the whole, the given sternness of the long-term damage and the physical adverse effects of health is extremely prone, and the cutting of genital has an unfavorable consequence on the mental health of the Women. Information is required on the multifaceted interactions among the women social position and information also required on the strain to uphold the tradition, the expectations of the family, and their sound effects on the psychosomatic response. The psychosomatic effects of deteriorating to comply with the mental illness in the settings where abusing the women are the traditional practice and needed to be assessed.
The mental illness is the main source of the disability related to the diseases. According, to the Murray and Lopez globally the burden of the disease is identified as the major reason for the depression; obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia and the bipolar disorder are among ten leading sources of the mental stress worldwide among the females (Wapenyi, 2010). Hence from the given research, it is concluded that the women are very prone to the mental illness as compared to the men. This mental illness among the women results into several behavioral and physical disorders which adversely affects the health of the women. Many of the major mental disorders among the women occur in the early childhood.
References
Bengtsson-Tops, A. & Svensson, B. (2010). Mental health users’ experiences of being interviewed by another user in a research project. A qualitative study. Journal Of Mental Health, 19(3), 234-242.
Chantler, K. (2002). The Invisibility of Black Women in Mental Health Services. Mental Health Review Journal, 7(1), 22-24.
Choi, Y. (2015). Mental health problems and acculturative issues among married immigrant women in Korea: A qualitative study. Women & Health, 56(6), 713-729.
Collective, W. (2002). Women and Mental Health. Mental Health Review Journal, 7(1), 3-5.
Costa, A. (2011). Mental helath – Primary care: a promissory relationship. Tempus Actas De Saúde Coletiva, 4(1), 101.
Davison, J. & Huntington, A. (2010). “Out of sight”: Sexuality and women with enduring mental illness. International Journal Of Mental Health Nursing, 19(4), 240-249.
Eklund, M. (2013). Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Among Women in Work Rehabilitation for Stress-Related Disorders. International Journal Of Mental Health, 42(4), 34-47.
Kumar, A., Haque Nizamie, S., & Srivastava, N. (2013). Violence against women and mental health. Mental Health & Prevention, 1(1), 4-10.
Preston, S. (2002). Claiming Our Place: Women with Serious Mental Health Issues and Support Groups for Abused Women. Canadian Journal Of Community Mental Health, 21(1), 101-113.
Wapenyi, K. (2010). Do Lesbians Get AIDS? Women Who Have Sex with Women, HIV/AIDS, and Its Mental Health Impact. Journal Of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 14(1), 52-55.
Williams, J. & Scott, S. (2002). Service Responses to Women with Mental Health Needs. Mental Health Review Journal, 7(1), 6-14.
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