Question:
Discuss about the Risk Assessment for National Guard Health Affairs.
The purpose of this report is to prepare a risk assessment plan that aims to prevent the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) within the Healthcare worker of hospital of the ministry of National Guard in Saudi Arabia. The maximum cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome has been recorded in Health Care Centers all across Saudi Arabia, which has mortality rate of more than 50% (Abolfotouh et al., 2017). The Healthcare workers are believed to be at the most vulnerable position to acquire the MERS Corona virus, which is responsible for causing this deadly disease. In this context, the report will highlight upon the necessary steps that can be taken by Health Care Centers in Saudi Arabia in order to minimize the chance of spreading this disease within the Healthcare workers.
The purpose of this risk assessment plan is to identify all the potential causes that are responsible for the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome among the Healthcare workers all across Saudi Arabia. The report will also suggest necessary intervention steps that can be implemented ensure maximum possible safety for the Healthcare workers and minimize the chance of spreading the Deadly disease. Proper monitoring and evaluation step is also one of the major purposes of the risk assessment plan.
The Saudi Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs is one of the major health care governing bodies of the nation, who has the responsibility of providing high level of health and safety protocols. According to the report of Abolfotouh et al., (2017) nearly 80% of all the reported cases of MERS have been within the healthcare workers in the Saudi Arab. The virus that is responsible for this respiratory syndrome was first discovered in Jeddah region of Saudi Arabia in the year 2012. From the report of World Health Organization, it is clear that between the year 2012 and 2017, more than 2000 laboratory reports have confirmed about occurrence of Middle East respiratory syndrome virus. 27 nations of the Middle East region are the main victims of the disease (“Frequently asked questions on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS?CoV)”, 2017). More than 190 cases of MERS have been reported from the Health Care Centers of Saudi Arabia since December 2016. 58 of all the patient suffering from the disease I’m tired within this time. 74% of the total victims of the disease are men with an average age of 54 years. Nearly 30% of the patient is reported to have is regular symptom, most of which are difficult to identify. 40% of the patient is reported to have display mild symptoms at the initial stage (“Frequently asked questions on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS?CoV)”, 2017).
The major symptom that is associated during the initial part of the disease includes chronic renal failure, heart disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. There also has been case of miscarriages for pregnant woman who has been suffering from this disease (Assiri et al., 2013).It is important for the authorities of the World Health Organization to provide detailed statistical report of the cases related to MERS. The Saudi Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs Need to conduct detailed analysis of the statistical report, which will help them to enforce the intervention for the MERS. It is also the duty of the hospital authorities to provide prior importance to raising the level of awareness of the employees. Hospitals of the Ministry of National Guard in Saudi Arabia are at the Central decision making system of implementing major health policies. The Healthcare ministry needs to properly evaluate the condition of safety protocols that are implemented in each of the healthcare department. At the initial stage of the risk assessment plan, it is essential to analyze the Workplace condition of the Healthcare workers, which is responsible for the spread of the deadly infectious breathing disease.
At the initial level, it is the responsibility of the care workers to ensure maximum possible safety in the Intensive Care Unit, where there is high risk of spreading of MERS. It is the responsibility of the hospital staffs to get the proper authority on implementing Intensive Care plan to minimize the risk of spreading out the contagious disease.
According to Banik et al., (2015), it is it not possible to identify the exact cause of spread of Middle East respiratory syndrome disease. Close contact with the affected patient is believed to be the main source of virus being spread among individuals. Poor hygienic condition in the Healthcare facility Saudi Arabia is one of the major causes of disease being spread among the patients and the health care workers. The major goal of the health care risk assessment plan is to identify the causes of MERS, which is necessary in implementing the necessary intervention plan.
It is also essential to raise the level of awareness among the stakeholders of Healthcare Unit in Saudi Arabia, which can be implemented by imposing the risk assessment techniques and relevant tools. Following are the main objectives of this risk assessment plan:
According to Guery et al., (2013), the major scope and function of the risk assessment plan is mainly intended for estimation of potential risks that are associated with every hazardous situation. The scope of the risk assessment plan will include proper evaluation of the infrastructure that exists within the Healthcare facility of Saudi Arabia.
It is important for the Healthcare workers and healthcare department of Saudi Arabia to work in collaboration and analyze the functions that are associated with that of the risk management plan. The major scope of the risk assessment plan is to analyze all the statistical information related to the cases of MERS and relevant past records. The major scope of the assessment plan is to evaluate the existing plan of hygiene and safety maintenance in the critical healthcare units of hospitals in the healthcare centers.
Memish et al., (2013), have mentioned about the importance of implementing the plan for preventing respiratory infections pathogens. This can be implemented by protocols of environmental and engineering control along with health administrative control of the workplace for Healthcare workers. The major element of the risk assessment plant includes, practice for safe workplace and personal protective environment.
It is important to measure the element that enhances the early detection that prompts to isolate the patient, who is detected with MERS-Cove. This is a critical process in ensuring maximum safety to the Health Care workers. The extent to which the safety protocols will be successful is entirely dependent upon the quality of organizational leadership and presence of clear administrative health policy (Nishiura et al., 2015). The protocol for implementing safety environment is dependent upon the infrastructure of the health care organization.
The purpose of the risk assessment plan is to target safety protocol for the Healthcare workers who will be in direct contact with patient suffering from respiratory borne diseases. It is important to mention that currently there is no vaccine been discovered for Middle East respiratory syndrome and there is also a lack of particular treatment procedures. The main intervention strategies for this disease include symptoms specific treatment, which varies depending upon individual patient condition. The major risk of this disease is due to the fact that in spite of high level of protection those are being taken by Healthcare workers, it is completely not possible to completely neutralize the risk of infectious disease being spread.
The research paper of Abolfotouh et al., (2017), have highlighted up on the importance of media coverage that can help to raise the awareness level above the occurrence of MRES among the population of Saudi Arabia. There is an increase tendency of negative attitudes for maintaining safety protocol within the Healthcare Unit, which is one of the major causes of high risk factor associated with MERS. Hence, it can be said that media coverage is one of the essential quality evaluation tool that can help to monitor the actual scenario related today intervention steps that are implemented.
It is also essential to monitor the awareness and training program that are provided to Healthcare workers in Saudi Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. This will ensure that all the Health Care workers are properly trained while dealing with patient of respiratory borne infectious disease. They also need to play a significant role in maintaining hygienic environment within the Health Care Unit.
Conclusion
In the concluding note it can be said that Middle East respiratory syndrome is one of the deadly infectious disease that are caused due to lack of hygienic protocol Health Care units of Saudi Arabia. The major aim of the risk assessment plan is to identify all the causes that are responsible for increase number of patient in the respiratory diseases.
Proper monitoring system also need to be implemented by the healthcare department of Saudi Arabia, which will ensure that all the safety protocols are being maintained within the hospital to provide maximum protection for the Healthcare workers, who are at the risk of catching up with the infectious disease.
Reference
Abolfotouh, M. A., AlQarni, A. A., Al-Ghamdi, S. M., Salam, M., Al-Assiri, M. H., & Balkhy, H. H. (2017). An assessment of the level of concern among hospital-based health-care workers regarding MERS outbreaks in Saudi Arabia. BMC infectious diseases, 17(1), 4.
Assiri, A., McGeer, A., Perl, T. M., Price, C. S., Al Rabeeah, A. A., Cummings, D. A., … & Madani, H. (2013). Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. N Engl J Med, 2013(369), 407-416.
Banik, G. R., Khandaker, G., & Rashid, H. (2015). Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus “MERS-CoV”: current knowledge gaps. Paediatric respiratory reviews, 16(3), 197-202.
Frequently asked questions on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS?CoV). (2017). World Health Organization. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/faq/en/
Guery, B., Poissy, J., el Mansouf, L., Séjourné, C., Ettahar, N., Lemaire, X., … & Caro, V. (2013). Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission. The Lancet, 381(9885), 2265-2272.
Memish, Z. A., Zumla, A., & Al-Tawfiq, J. A. (2013). How great is the risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus to the global population?.
Nishiura, H., Miyamatsu, Y., Chowell, G., & Saitoh, M. (2015). Assessing the risk of observing multiple generations of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) cases given an imported case. Euro Surveill, 20(27), 6-11.
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