Discuss About The Stakeholder Analysis In Project Management.
The use of drone technologies is a major breakthrough in the technological advancements of the modern age. Many companies or organizations are utilizing the use of drone technology for tending to the needs of their business processing. The government of the United States has approved a delivery of medical supplies by a drone which comprised of 4.5 kg of supplies. The drone was able to successfully complete the delivery to rural areas.
This report discusses about the stakeholders who are linked to the drone technology. This report also includes the ethical issues connected to the stakeholders. Lastly, this report also discusses about the various code of ethics of three different government bodies.
The drone responsible for the transfer of the medical supplies was made by a drone manufacturer from Australia named Flirtey. The drone maneuvering was approved by the Federal Aviation Authority in conjunction with NASA. The drone attempted to make flights for three minutes (Goodchild and Toy 2017). For this reason, three flight attempts were made from the airport of Lonesome Pine in Virginia to Wise County Fairgrounds clinic. It was also supposed to deliver 24 medical packages to the rural community.
This experiment for delivery of medical supplies where considered to be an example for showing that unmanned maneuvering can help in delivering to rural areas or remote areas which are hard to reach using ground based vehicles. However, the utilization of the range and time of flight parameters are the main difficulty in drone adoptions for delivery services.
This section discusses about the presence of various ethical issues related to the context of drone technology. This section is also linked to the analysis of the ethics to the stakeholders associated to the drone technologies adopted for this case study.
There are various ethical issues associated to the drone flights for delivering medical supplies. These issues are to be solved such that the adoption of this technology can be enhanced.
The first ethical issue is the restricted legislations of the drone technology. This is termed as an ethical issue mainly due to the fact that the companies or organization need to address them in their policies. This will reduce the efficiency of the drones which will ultimately lead to the halt in production of the drones. The first legislation is the restriction in flying of the drone within 50 meters of any human being or building structure. In addition, the drones can also not have access until 150 meters of any building complex. The second legislation is that the maximum range of height which can be attained by a drone is only 400 feet (Mangal et al. 2017). This poses problems in flying the drone due to the presence of high rise buildings and skyscrapers which tend to provide problems in flight. Lastly, a drone must have their plot nearby within a range of 500 meters. This is the last legislation act which also leads to decrease in the efficiency of the drone.
The second ethical issue is in the example set by the drone made by Flirtey for adopting unmanned drone piloting. This will reduce the human resource services in place for the services in place. For example, companies like Amazon are in place for adopting the drone technology for delivering products to the customers. On the other hand, the use of labors or human beings for delivering the services will be reduced. This will lead to the reduction in jobs. As a result, this is an ethical issue. This issue can be mainly considered in the context of the ethical issue due to the fact that this will create widespread negligence in human resource adoptions.
The last ethical issue in the concept of drone technologies is the technical difficulties in place due to the various standards in place for this. The main problems in adoption of the drone technologies are the range of operations and the time needed for flight. From the case study, it is evident that the drone has made three stops in its flight. This is due to the fact that the communication required for the flight process needs to be improved (Scott and Scott 2017). This is an ethical issue because even if companies or organizations want to effectively increase the communications of the drone technology, they cannot do so because of the presence of the various government legislations. As a result, this cannot be used in the context of increasing efficiency of the companies or organizations associated.
For each of the ethical issues identified, there are various stakeholders who are associated. These stakeholders will be considered in adopting any changes in the prospects.
For the first ethical issue of government legislations, the associated stakeholders are the government and companies or organizations. The government of the country is a stakeholder of this ethical issue determined. They are responsible for imposing strict laws and regulations to be followed while maintaining drone usability. This is mainly due to the fact that the malfunctioning of the drones can lead to various threats to the lives of the human. Another problem is that the drones can be malfunctioned while in route. The packages can be damaged due to air turbulences or any other technical problems which can result in reduction in the effectiveness of the process involved. The regulating body identified in this ethical problem is Federal Aviation Authority and NASA.
The companies or organizations are the other stakeholders identified in this ethical dilemma. The uses of the drone technology for the process of delivering services are being addressed by various companies or organizations. This is the main problem associated with this stakeholder and the governing bodies may not provide full rights for drone technologies and the associated laws are to be maintained too. For this reason, there is an ethical dilemma in the context of the technological adoptions by the various stakeholders associated.
For the second identified ethical dilemma, the main stakeholders associated are the manufacturer, companies and the associated human resources for the job. For the first stakeholder in this group, the manufacturers of the drone, Flirtey is responsible for the cause of ethical dilemma. Due to their experiment during the delivery of medical supplies in the rural or remote areas, they were responsible for showing that unmanned pilot maneuvering is responsible for increasing the effectiveness of delivery services.
Lastly, the human resources are the next group of stakeholders who are affected for the drone technology. As the widespread adoption of drone technology in sending or receiving shipments, the human resources in place will be reduced. As a result, this will reduce jobs in this sector and thus the economy of the country will be affected for each human resource replaced in a country.
The next group of stakeholders is the other companies like Amazon which is trying to implement the use of drone technologies in their business processing. Due to the presence of various governing regulations, they are not able to implement the drone technologies in the business service needs.
For the governing bodies for the drone technology, namely Federal Aviation Authority and NASA, the Universalism ethical principle is applied for the ethical issue. For this ethical principle, there is only one truth or law which must be abided. The laws and regulations that are in place must be followed by the other stakeholders for effective business operations.
For the next stakeholders, the companies like Amazon are also faced with various ethical dilemmas. This can be solved by adopting the deontology principle of the ethical views. This is involved in meeting a duty and is termed as independent in the consequences involved. This ethical value is effective in describing the ethical view of this company.
The manufacturer of the drone, Flirtey the third manufacturer can be assessed by the relativism ethical view. In this view, there is no single truth in the ethical ideas. All the methods involved are based on contingencies (Leicester 2016). This implies that whatever contingencies are in place has been adopted. The manufacturer are trying to increase the effectiveness of the delivery services by drone technologies and for this reason, this ethical view has been applied.
The last stakeholder is the human resources in place for the services. The problem associated with the human resource acquisition by a company can be addressed by the principle of justice ethics. In this case, all the parties are addressed in a fair manner. In addition, the benefits and any risks associated are to be equally shared among the parties so that any one is not responsible. For this reason, the human resource acquisition must be maintained by the companies to prevent the presence of lack of jobs in the system or in the lack of economy.
My personal values include various attributes which helps me in doing the work in an effective manner. As there are three different ethical issues in this case study, the need to solve them is also necessary.
For the first ethical issue regarding the legal implications, I think that the deontology ethical principle must be applied which depicts that a right or wrong decision is made by meeting of the duties. These are not dependent on any consequences and thus it must be addressed for this issue. In this case, the stakeholders are not right in this case. This is mainly because it removes the vision needed for drone technologies. For this reason, companies will not be able to adopt the technologies in place for this.
For the next ethical issue is the reduction of the human resources. I do think that there is need for the human resources. For example, in case a drone is malfunctioned in a place, the pilot needs to go and repair them and then it might be able to complete the process needed (Thomas, Burmeister and Low 2017). This can be depicted by the virtue ethics which means that the ethics are bound by the person responsible for it.
The last ethical issue is the technical problems in place due to the various standards. According to my personal assessment, universalism is used to denote this aspect. This is mainly used to denote the following of a single rule and regulation in place for this. This stakeholder issue is in place and must be addressed for removing the barriers in place.
This section of the report discusses about the three codes of ethics as implied by the various governing bodies. The three governing bodies chosen are Australian Computer Society (ACS), Institute of IT Professionals New Zealand (IITP) and British Computer Society (BCS).
According to the ACS code of ethics, section 4.3.6, the integrity of the information technology is to be maintained by considering all the aspects of the members concerned. In addition, according to section 4.10, ethical technology profession must see to it that no dishonest or fraudulent practices are involved. Moreover, the information technology must help in sharing information by communicating among aspects. Thus, for the adoption of drone technology, the need to maintain these aspects is required.
According to the IITP code of practice, the management of work involved with the information technology must be properly addressed according to the sections in places. These sections are in place which is addressed in section 3, IT practices (Davis and LaCour 2014). These sections are used to denote the practices in place during the undertaking of a new technological project.
Lastly, according to the BCS code of ethics for information technology, the concept of movable technology can be achieved by properly referencing the sections listed. These are involved in every aspect of drone technologies which involves starting of the project to ending of the project. Moreover, the progress must be tracked and kept recorded.
The main similarities among the three code of this are the adoption of the ethics according to the sections. Although there is a little difference among the ACS code and the other, but the context is similar. The difference in the three codes of ethics is that in ACS, the code is mainly addressed towards the IT profession, while the BCS and the IITP are involved in the IT project ethics as a whole. These differences are in place mainly due to the fact that there are differences in the governing bodies of the countries. This presents a change in ideologies and thus, the differences are evident.
Conclusion
Thus, it can be concluded that the drone technology is a technological advancement of the modern world. For this reason, the governing bodies must be able to tend to the problems associated for reducing them. This report has thus discussed about the stakeholders associated to the technological adoptions. The various ethical issue associated to these stakeholders have also been discussed in this report. Moreover, an ethical representation of the technology has been discussed. Lastly, the differences and the similarities in this case are also listed in this report.
References
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