Discuss About The Challenges European Management In A Global.
The Information System (IS) project management is an important for organizational success as it helps to provide project planning, project monitoring and project control. The IS project management consists of five basics as well as major stages for project development. They are initiation of project, project planning, execution of project, project monitoring and project closure (Harrison & Lock, 2017). The IS project management comprises of various elements that are called as project management documents. The project documents are project management plan, project management quality management, project charter, risk management and project procurement (Kerzner & Kerzner, 2017). The purpose of this project is to develop and understanding of IS project management through threats involved, impact of issues and differences in a global team and project closure processes.
The structure of this report is key threats involved with the improvement of quality IS projects. The second is impact of IS project management related ethic cultural differences and legal issues while working project in a global team. The third is project closure processes and its outputs along with its use in IS projects.
The IS project management is useful in producing effective end products that will benefits the organization in a long run. It will help to provide valuable products and services to the customers (Fuller et al., 2017). The requirement of formal management for projects are as follows. The first one is production of new or altered components and requirements. The second one is having a timespan which is finite. The third one is possibility of complexity in terms of groups or work involved. The fourth one is change management requirements for the project. The fifth one is risk management requirements for the project.
The above were the IS (Information System) project management formal requirements and hence it is interpreted that IS project management is an important part in an organization. The further sections will discuss on key threats involved with IS project management, impact of issues and differences in global team working and project closure.
This section will discuss on key threats associated with improvement in quality in IS project management. The major key threats are resource threat, scope threat, time management threat, scheduling threat, cost threat and technological threat.
Resource threat- The first one is resource threat that arises because of issues that are outsourced and work force issues (Binder, 2016). The global team in a project is difficult to manage as they come from different backgrounds. The addition of new employee contributes additional complexity during the project where global team is involved. This is because the new employees may face complexity in understanding the project that is developed on a large scale and in a limited time for particular projects.
Scope threat- The second one is scope threat that arises due to changes in project scope because of certain aspects (Kerzner, 2018). The aspects are function creep and it is defined as rise of complexity in project due to addition of demands and suggestions from consumer end while the project is developed. The other aspects of scope threat are issues related to integration, hardware and software issues and defects and changes that occur in dependencies.
Time management threat- The time management threat is related with balance in management of time at every stages of project (Schwalbe, 2015). The time management is important for any project as it helps to complete the project in time. The failure of time management poses challenges for project management as the project is not delivered in time and organization faces huge loss. The threat is not only related to project management but also related to staff and systems who are not capable to manage the time for project management.
Scheduling threat- The scheduling threat arises due to the inability of project to proceed according the schedule of the project. This threat arises due to various aspects such as unpredictable delays in project schedule associated with external stakeholders, natural factors, estimated faults and errors and recovery delay (Nguyen-Duc, Cruzes & Conradi, 2015). This results in delaying of project assessment that further causes complexity in delivery of project. The success of the project is thus hindered due to this complexity in project delivery.
Cost threat- The cost threat arises when budget of project goes beyond the estimated project budget. This is explained as where cost related to each stage of project is not balanced properly and budget is estimated beyond the actual cost. The cost threat results in performance risk and schedule risk in project management where scope and project quality is reduced. The availability of inappropriate funds related with project management causes unexpected cost threat.
Technological threat- The technological threat is associated with faults and defects in hardware and software that leads to delay in project delivery (Colomo-Palacios et al., 2014). The failure of technologies and systems pose major threat in effective project management where project will delay for long or may halt for long. The technology threats arises due to inappropriate adjustment of technology with the project management. The other aspects are deficiency of technologies in the project management. The scalability is another aspect that is related with the technological threats in the project management.
The ethnic cultural differences and legal issues related with project while working in a global team is a major consideration in any project. This is because it influences the project success while working in a global team. The impact of these considerations are as follows.
Cultural values- The cultural values plays major role in a project when it has global team that consists of staff from different religions, values, ethics and holidays (Geppert, Matten & Williams, 2016). This differences generates contradiction among people in global team in their working process.
Global business environment- There are different perspective of different people from different regions based on global business environment (Todorovi? et al., 2015). The global team members have different perspectives based on economics, currency and international market they come from.
Communication- The communication in a global team is a major concern as different cultures and languages poses challenges. The team members in a global team are not able to communicate with ease however, with the increased use of Internet and World Wide Web, the communication has improved. This has opened several opportunities for global team working process.
Issues related with legal and political factors- The issues such as political, laws for country, environmental regulations are the aspects related to legal and political factors that play a major role while working in a global team (Darkow, 2015). These issues are differently perceived in different countries from where the staff comes hence it can lead to conflicts.
Project structure- The project structure is impacted while working in a global team as project can be deviated or may halt due to difference in ethnic cultures of global team members.
Integration management- The integration management will result in difficulty to integrate across the world due to different cultures (Todorovi? et al., 2015). However, with improved coordination integration management can be very effective in a global team.
Leadership management- The leadership management is necessary and impacts the project outcome and it helps to enhance coordination between team members in global team. The inefficiency in leadership will make the whole team to have inefficient coordination.
Trust- The trust is an important factor and without trust no team can work efficiently. The trust ensures that the team members will do the project to achieve the overall goal of project rather than individual project objective.
Global procurement management- The global team working process is affected through geographical boundaries however, it may or may not impact positively (Kerzner & Kerzner, 2017). This is because lack of knowledge related to geographical boundaries that are related to the project hinders the project success.
Time zone- The time zone difference can have impacts on project success as team members in a global team comes from different regions where they has different time zones. However, a global team can have positive impacts if they coordinate well and able to work 24/7 hours according to their amenity.
The project management has five phases and the last phase is project closure which is important in any project. The processes of project closure consists of deliverables that meet the exit norm, deliverables transferred to the clients and project management support, and lessons acquired and learned (Cagliano, Grimaldi & Rafele, 2015). The project closure output are the final result product, organizational process and transitioned services. The project closure output consists of plan for project management, risk register and stakeholder register. The activity that is most important is lessons learnt while the project development. The projects will help in future development where the learnt lessons will help to prevent future project failure (Pratt, 2018). The proper closure of project is necessary to mitigate the future risks that can occur in the project.
The lessons learnt from the project is important as it serves as a foundation to mitigate future risks in the project. The lessons should not only be learnt to understand the project but also appreciate the learnt lessons. The weak areas are identified and help members in a project to improve their weak areas to make it strong points in future projects (Chen & Li, 2016). The project closure also involves some additional aspects and they are review of project contract and formal letter of intimation to the prospective seller.
The key activities that are related to the project closure processes and key outputs of the processes are as follows.
The above key points are the major points related to project closure that are valuable in future project development. The next paragraph shows how the project closure processes and outputs are useful in IS project management.
The project closure processes and outputs helps IS project management by helping the project to close properly without any issues. This ensures project success and helps to develop a better project in future (Chronéer & Backlund, 2015). The usefulness of project closure in IS project management are as follows. The confirmation is required to know the status of goals and objectives are met or not at the final stage of the project. The project is closing will give immense satisfaction to the team members of the project and clients. The lessons learnt will provide improved and enhanced project development in future project management. The management of activities related to the process of project closure are status report, end payment and approval for time schedules (Martinelli & Milosevic, 2016). The team members are rewarded for their work to complete the project on time and effectively.
Conclusion
The above paragraphs shows that IS project management is an important part in organizations success. It helps to improve the business and project delivery through appropriate standards and regulations applied to the project. The report discusses the threats involved with the project and how it will impact the project delivery. The report shows that not only threats but impact of legal issues and ethnic culture also poses challenges while working in a global team. This is because people in a global team are from various backgrounds and cultures which contradicts their perspectives. However, with improved interaction and coordination among the employees will lead to project success. The project closure is the most important stage in IS project management as it helps to not only close the project and successful delivery of project but also evaluates the project deliverables and quality. Therefore, IS project management should be considered first and foremost part of any organizations for project development.
References
Binder, J. (2016). Global project management: communication, collaboration and management across borders. Routledge.
Cagliano, A.C., Grimaldi, S., & Rafele, C. (2015). Choosing project risk management techniques. A theoretical framework. Journal of Risk Research, 18(2), pp.232-248.
Chen, Y., & Li, A. (2016). Hardware Formal Verification Coverage Closure and BugHunt Project Report Phase III Final Report.
Chronéer, D., & Backlund, F. (2015). A Holistic View on Learning in Project?Based Organizations. Project Management Journal, 46(3), pp.61-74.
Colomo-Palacios, R., Casado-Lumbreras, C., Soto-Acosta, P., García-Peñalvo, F. J., & Tovar, E. (2014). Project managers in global software development teams: a study of the effects on productivity and performance. Software Quality Journal, 22(1), 3-19.
Darkow, I.L. (2015). The involvement of middle management in strategy development—Development and implementation of a foresight-based approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 101, pp.10-24.
Fuller, M. A., Valacich, J. S., George, J. F., & Schneider, C. (2017). Information Systems Project Management: A Process and Team Approach, Edition 1.1. Prospect Press.
Geppert, M., Matten, D., & Williams, K. eds. (2016). Challenges for European management in a global context: Experiences from Britain and Germany. Springer.
Harrison, F., & Lock, D. (2017). Advanced project management: a structured approach. Routledge.
Kerzner, H. (2018). Project management best practices: Achieving global excellence. John Wiley & Sons.
Kerzner, H., & Kerzner, H.R. (2017). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Martinelli, R.J., & Milosevic, D.Z. (2016). Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley & Accounting.
Nguyen-Duc, A., Cruzes, D.S., & Conradi, R. (2015). The impact of global dispersion on coordination, team performance and software quality–A systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 57, pp.277-294.
Pratt, M. (2018). Project Closure Document.
Schwalbe, K. (2015). Information technology project management. Cengage Learning.
Todorovi?, M.L., Petrovi?, D.?., Mihi?, M.M., Obradovi?, V.L., & Bushuyev, S.D. (2015). Project success analysis framework: A knowledge-based approach in project management. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), pp.772-783.
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