Discuss about the Emergency Management and Homeland Security.
A natural disaster is kind of phenomenon where the uncontrollable force of the earth devastate the natural life and scenario. Earthquake is a kind of phenomenon that started its vibrant in particular point of space and the rapid spread out of the vibration is being felt from the affected radius of the earthquake. The mainly affected areas are the coastal area and that intervene the potential cosmopolitan interface of the region. There are some big earthquakes happening in Kobe, Japan, Sudan, United States, India, Alaska and California. All these have impact over economy. The building, lifeline, infrastructure of a country and death calamity are interconnected consequences that happened with the precede establishment of the earthquake (ndma.gov.in 2017).
In this report, the main concern is surfaced on the disaster management operation and elating issues. The report also makes emphasis view over controlled process of disaster situation. The proposed infrastructure of the risk management and significant losses during the earthquake is the controlled mannerism that government must imply over this.
The provided issue is the earthquake situation in Goa, India. Mardi Gras Carnival. There are big events of Goa where lot of people come and celebrated the event. People living outside the place have noticed some unnatural disturbance or earth tremors; they felt the warmth and the proposed the fact to the authority however they did not make that issue so big and they had not taken any action during the session. They thought that the thing is very small and they did not even taken care of it (Asokan, Pothen & Vijayaraj, 2016). After that, in between the Mardi gras event the major earthquake took place and many buildings were damaged and numerous lives were being rustled due to the issue. In Goa, there are three divisions are presented like Mountain region, low lands and the plateaus lands. All these are the geographical turbulence that put emphasis over the state and impact of the natural division of Goa.
Natural calamity control is not in hand of human. They are the mere spectator in that case however they can plan the after process of that segment to mitigate the huge consequences. In this case earthquake is the major problem and global warming and other calamities are the responsible factor behind it (Singh, 2015).
Landslides, gas leakage, fire markets, tree falling, cyclones all these are the reason behind earth turmoil situation and that has created impact over the earthquake (Hsiao et al. 2014).
This is the most provoking issue now as the zone of occurrence and the disaster places are witnessed the most pathetic conditions during the earthquake. The imposed climatic change for the globalized arena and the impurity of temperature in the lateritic area of the state depend on the factors of the earthquake.
In case of this proposed earthquake state, physical and infrastructural destructiveness is the major issue of the case. Almost 44 people have been dead and 200 got injured during that carnival event. Lots of buildings were damaged and the modernized communication process is being disrupted by that incident. This risk factor was the maximum as the measured magnitude of the earthquake is 7.9 in Richter scale. The phenomenon has impacted over the economic value of the region and has the level of risk within it. As natural disaster can occur anytime thus precaution measure has to be taken by the government authority so that they can handle any kind of adverse situation. The government need to be alert and has to make the proper amendment to mitigate this kind of situation. Government inactiveness is the only responsible factor of people loss of life and injury regarding the earthquake (Hollnagel, 2015). Government needs to create the intervention to provide proper infrastructure, man power, risk management team and technical innovation so that they can provide their best to recover the situation as early as possible. Private infrastructure, Agriculture, Horticulture, Electrical installation, educational infrastructure all these are being affected by the damaged situation of the earthquake.
The basic earthquake process depends on the geographical position of the region, nature of seismicity, propagation of seismic waves and design criteria of the building codes and designs are dependent on the potential assessment and expert level of understanding and incorporation. Rapid change in the disruption of risk mitigation scenario and the resource planning for the earthquake incident depends on the designing criteria of the city (Paganini et al. 2016). In the risk assessment section, NEHRP has the development fund that supports the continual development for the earthquake-affected regions (nidm.gov.in 2017). The construction for redesigning and the proposed implementation that government has followed till date need to be revised in a proper way. Technical innovation in building and roof may have secured the life of the people and that innovation may mitigate the chance of mortality rate (Sylves, 2014).
The government intervention in such cases needs to be remarkable as their input and authorized implementation can only change the outcome of the disaster situation. There are three key stages that need to be implemented in a proper way like Pre-Disaster, during disaster and Post- Disaster. All these are the controlling measure that depicted the requirement of the disaster management. Pre-disaster is the most important section where the human, material and economic loss can be nullified and that emphasizes on the strategic mindset and the allocated authorization from the government (Kremers, 2014). During the disaster situation the appropriate amount of food, water, medical requirements, clothing, shelter and sanitation facilities are the important criteria that the government needs to fulfill so that people can have a safe and healthy life during the incident. So these are the methods of disaster management process that need to implement by the government in their post-disaster period as well. Government has to take the initiation where the rapid change in disaster management may increase the chances of mortality rate and technical innovation can save people life as well (Hough, 2016). They have to quick enough to reach that place and help the affected people in their best possible way.
Environmental change is the situational response that people like to habituate by the situation as the evolution process changed the human attribute. Environmental changes are quite common but the way people are surfacing the changes is the main criteria of that process. Globalization is a big issue for that case where the internal imbalance relevancy is the reason for the disaster. Improvement in the state of artificial processing is related to the issue that impacted from the landslides, liquefaction, tsunamis and all. This will happen due to the unnatural proceeding of the environment (Pasyugina et al. 2015). The general hazards situation is more relevant if the striking structure of the implementation and the probable section of environmental cause are vivid and that surfaced over the desired proportion of the environmental manner (Olson, Podesta & Nigg, 2014). There is some secondary effect like climate change for last ten years or the fire site and gas mines are the prevalent due socialization that people of this location have to deal with.
Vulnerability depends on the place of occurrence and the zone of the earthquake. In case of proposed land Goa, it falls under the seismic zone IV and that indicates the probability of a high earthquake. The devastation from the earthquake is witnessed as the residential and public structure may diminish in a form of fragile manner. The magnitude of the earthquake has changed demographical condition of that area. Sometimes the explosiveness and the landslide in north Goa may create a fact of putting human life in an imperial way, that provide the essential alteration in communication and some of the diseases that stated or inherited for long (Kossobokov, 2013). Disaster management team has to make some effective steps so that they can calculate the threat situation and analyze their potential that how much they can be done. In case of an earthquake, the preparedness and the threatening solution of the earthquake magnitude determines the severe threat from natural calamity.
Disaster management plan needs to be implemented in a proper way so that problem situations due to the earthquake can be controlled. In Goa, there are certain numbers of a plan that needs to be implemented so that this situation can be controlled in a systematic way.
In case of disaster planning, the political, logistical and environmental scope is very relevant and that emphasis on the prepared planning and commitment in which the operational underpinning is sustained. Risk assessment is another section that provides emphasis over mapping, analyzing the vulnerability and resource assessment. The Federal Response plan or the Emergency Support functions are the proposed function of FEMA that identifies the structural coordination and planning of earthquake management. Emergency support functions are followed by those categories of functions (Naik & Choudhury, 2015).
The determination of place is the basic policy of defining the recommendation. Disaster management team needs to determine those places and have to highlight those places as safe zone. Then they have to identify the moderate places where the epicenter may be created, where they have to strengthen the disaster management team for any undesired situations. On those places, the standard operating procedure of quick force task establishment is required so that the proactive decisions have been taken in a quick time. The health and medical service teams need to be strong enough so that they can confront any of the problem situations. Joining of good panel of doctors and health staffs are the key components of this section. At last, they have to determine the most earthquake affected places where epicenter of the earthquake may situate. Disaster management team has to alert people so that they must inform the natural disaster team for any of the unnatural scenarios they have found and whatever the case may be the investigators will come and examine the process and then exposed their decision (nidm.gov.in 2017).
Conclusion
Therefore it can be concluded that disaster control management of Goa has to implement some situational strategies so that better disaster control can be done. Their government may participate in more active way so that worst consequences can be mitigated. The effective and innovative process of technological enhancement and strategic thinking and innovative processes may surface a huge safe for the people and other belongings. Legal arrangements of a special type of building manner, guidelines are imposed for the International Disaster Relief Laws and that imposed over this situation. In this report, earthquake situation in Goa is been highlighted and mentioned in an effective way so that the problem and the mannerism of disaster situation can be established in a proper way.
References
Asokan, A., Pothen, A. J., & Vijayaraj, R. K. (2016, December). ARMatron—A wearable gesture recognition glove: For control of robotic devices in disaster management and human Rehabilitation. In Robotics and Automation for Humanitarian Applications (RAHA), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Hollnagel, E. (2015). Disaster management, control, and resilience. In Disaster Management: Enabling Resilience (pp. 21-36). Springer International Publishing.
Hough, S. E. (2016). Predicting the unpredictable: the tumultuous science of earthquake prediction. Princeton University Press.
Hsiao, T. Y., Fan, J., Chang, M. C., & Lan, H. W. (2014). Dual-Master Synchronous Operation of Control Centers for Disaster Recovery. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 29(3), 1429-1430.
Kossobokov, V. G. (2013). Earthquake prediction: 20 years of global experiment. Natural hazards, 69(2), 1155-1177.
Kremers, H. (2014). On the role of process models in risk and disaster information management. In EMISA (pp. 19-20).
Li, M., & Parrot, M. (2013). Statistical analysis of an ionospheric parameter as a base for earthquake prediction. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118(6), 3731-3739.
Naik, N., & Choudhury, D. (2015). Deterministic seismic hazard analysis considering different seismicity levels for the state of Goa, India. Natural Hazards, 75(1), 557-580.
ndma.gov.in (2017) Available from: https://www.ndma.gov.in/images/guidelines/earthquakes.pdf [Accessed on 9th October, 2017]
nidm.gov.in (2017) https://nidm.gov.in/PDF/DP/GOA.PDF [Accessed on 9th October, 2017]
Olson, R. S., Podesta, B., & Nigg, J. M. (2014). The politics of earthquake prediction. Princeton University Press.
Paganini, M., Borrelli, F., Cattani, J., Ragazzoni, L., Djalali, A., Carenzo, L., … & Ingrassia, P. L. (2016). Assessment of disaster preparedness among emergency departments in Italian hospitals: a cautious warning for disaster risk reduction and management capacity. Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 24(1), 101.
Pasyugina, I., Koval, P., De Leersnyder, J., Mesquita, B., & Kuppens, P. (2015). Distinguishing between level and impact of rumination as predictors of depressive symptoms: An experience sampling study. Cognition and Emotion, 29(4), 736-746.
Singh, B. P. (2015). Disaster Management Planning and its Best Practice for Libraries and Information Centres: An Overview. Pearl: A Journal of Library and Information Science, 9(4), 219-227.
Sylves, R. (2014). Disaster policy and politics: Emergency management and homeland security. CQ Press.
training.fema.gov (2017) Available from: https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/downloads/earthquakeem/session%2011/session%2011%20response%20and%20recovery_01.pdf [Accessed on 9th October, 2017]
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