Discuss about the Electrocution in Construction Industry.
A journal paper with title name “Injuries among electric power industry workers, 1995-2013” was chosen. This paper was published in “Journal of Safety Research”, volume 60 in 2016. This is the peer reviewed journal which comes under Elsevier. The paper was written by Vitaly Volberga, Tiffani Fordycec, Megan Leonhardb, Gabor Mezeic, Ximena Vergarad and Lovely Krishene. All of them are academic researcher from United States. The paper is attached in the appendix.
According to the paper electric power industry has very unpredictable work environment. The workers which are working there are in great danger. The work they do there is very risky and demanding. In this paper analysis of the risks and safety measures were done on the basis of various surveys. The authors divided the injuries caused in the past on the basis of age, sex, occupational group and injury type. For this they chose the Electric Power Research Institute’s (EPRI) Occupational Health and Safety Database (OHSD). In these database injuries, medical claims and personnel data was recorded from 18 different countries. This data was from 1995 to 2013. In the result it was found that the injury rate was 3.20 injuries per 100 employees in a year and it was decreasing by the year. It was 1.31 injuries per 100 employees in the year 2013. It was found that according to the occupation, welders, meter readers and line workers were most prone to injuries. Male workers were recorded with more injuries but in case of meter readers women were more injured. Injury rate was higher among the workers of age group between 21 to 30 years. In case of welders and machinist workers who were older (65+), were more with injuries. In the end it was suggested that targeted safety measures need to be taken based on the study. This can prevent many fatalities and injuries for electric industry workers management.
It is the research, observation and analysis of the work done in the area which we have chosen. It analyse the literature available in the given topic. The main purpose of writing a literature review is to present the literature in an organised way. It does not contain any new idea or original work. It tells us about the previous and present research of our topic and what were their limitations.
It is very important to write literature review in the research because it tells us that about the research that has already been done in the area which we have chosen for research. It also let the reader know that the author has read the previous and present topics related to his research. A literature review saves time by letting the author not to research on the same topic again.
There are many risks and injuries while working in an electrical company. They can produce serious problems like cardiac arrhythmia, hypoxia, cardiopulmonary arrest and renal failure (Cooper and Price, 2002). If a person had an accident with electricity it can cause both psychological and neurological effects which in turn can affect their life in a serious manner (Noble et al., 2006). The exposure to alternating current is more dangerous as compared to direct current (Cooper, 1995). The exit wounds which are caused by the current when it leaves the body are small of direct current as compared to alternating current (Salehi et al.,2013). Young workers are more prone to injuries specially workers between the age of 16 to 19 years (Janicak, 2008). In a research survey done by Lombardi and co-authors in 2009, it was claimed that non-fatal injuries were 98.8% of the total cases of injuries. Another factor is that once the worker is injured there are very less chances for them to return back to work (Wesner and Hickie, 2013; Theman et al., 2008; Stergiou-Kita et al., 2014).
As the name itself suggest, the data which gives information about the quantity is called quantitative data and the data which gives information about the quality of the data is called qualitative data. The information that can be measured in the form of numbers falls into the category of quantitative data, for example, number of electric companies, injuries caused to the workers in present year, etc. It deals with the data management which is generally in the form of how much and how many.
Qualitative data covers the quality of the information. In simpler terms, the data which cannot be measured is called qualitative data. Examples of qualitative data are what type of injuries happens to electric workers, what kind of workers are more prone to the injuries, etc. As it is seen from the examples the data which is generally in the form of type of or kind of comes in the category of qualitative data.
According to the journal paper used in this report analysis were done for both qualitative and quantitative data. Injuries calculated per year are the quantitative analysis of the data. They were analysed using Poisson distribution, where upper and lower limits were analysed using Fleiss method. Analysis of injuries based up on the occupational group was done qualitatively. For this, mechanism of injury and which body part was affected with injury were analysed. Generally, qualitative analysis is non-statistical process and it is required when in-depth knowledge of topic is provided, whereas, in case of quantitative analysis statistical methods and tabulation method are used (Bryman, 2006).
Apart from qualitative and quantitative research strategies can be of different types (Openlearn, 2018). Some of them are discussed here:
This strategy is used when giving the description of a situation. While describing the relation between the growth of a plant with the amount of sunlight and water this strategy can be used.
It is used by a company or government to find a solution of a problem, for example a research to find out that what is the best scheme to motivate physically handicapped children.
It is used to predict that what will happen in the future. This is generally used by the companies to predict the sale of their new product at special time and at the end of year.
If a company is launching a new product into the market, they will need an idea, finance and a team to learn about the market. In this case this type of research will be best suited.
Environment, health and safety are very important aspects of any organization. They must be given equal importance as compared to any other criterion. In case of construction workers it becomes very important. Research ideas for their safety health and environment are given in various researches. As discussed according to the journal paper that an analysis was done on the database of injuries of the workers. This database was studied in detail and conclusions were drawn from it. For example according to the research it was found that in case of meter readers, there were more injuries in women as compared to men. Hence, special scheme or targeted policies can be formed to remove such injuries. Similarly, it was found that in case of welders older workers were more prone to risks. Therefore, they can be shifted to another division according to their age group.
Conclusion
A research process is used to propose a research idea, literature review, implement that idea, applying any research methodology and finding the results. In this assignment, a research paper related to electric injuries was selected which was critically analysed. After that a literature review was presented to find out the work done in that area. It was found that most of the workplaces lack safety measures. Previous years data was collected and then both qualitative and quantitative analysis was done. Other research strategies were explained with example. The importance of targeted safety measures at electric industries was explained in the initial research idea.
References
Bryman, A. (2006) Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: how is it done? Sage journals, 6(1), pp. 97-113
Cooper, M.A. (1995) Emergent Care in Lightning and Electrical Injuries. Seminars in Neurology, 15, pp. 268-278.
Cooper, M.A. and Price, T.G. (2002) Electrical and Lightning Injuries. 5th ed. St.Louis, MO.
Janicak ,C.A. (2008) Occupational Fatalities Due to Electrocution in the Construction Industry. Journal of Safety Research, 39, pp. 617-621.
Noble, J., Gomez, M., and Fish, J.S. (2006) Quality of Life and Return to Work Following Electrical Burns. Burns, 32, pp. 159-164.
Openlearn, (2018) Understanding different research perspectives [online] Available from: https://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-management/understanding-different-research-perspectives/content-section-6 [Accessed 15/06/2018].
Salehi, S.F., Fatemi, M.J., Asadi, K., Shoar, S., Ghazarian, A.D. and Samimi, R. (2014) Electrical Injury in Construction Workers: A Special Focus on Injury with Electrical Power. Burns, 40, pp. 300-304.
Stergiou-Kita, M., Mansfield, E., Bayley, M., Cassidy, J.D., Colantonio, A., Gomez, M., Jeschke, M., Kirsh, B., Kristman, V., Moody, J. and Vartanian, O. (2014) Return to Work After Electrical Injuries: Workers’ Perspectives and Advice to Others. Journal of Burn Care Research, 35, pp. 498-507.
Theman, K., Singerman, J., Gomez, M., and Fish, J.S. (2008) Return to Work After Low-Voltage Electrical Injury. Journal of Burn Care Research, 6, pp. 959-964.
Wesner, M.L. and Hickie, J. (2013) Long-Term Sequelae of Electrical Injury. Canadian Family Physician, 59, pp. 935-939.
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