Question:
Select a Region/Country/State/City of your choice and prepare a report on the current state of Hazardous Waste Management.
This paper is going to illustrate the methods and challenges of waste management policies with special focus on the northern India. India being the second most populated country in the world has been experiencing certain challenges in terms of clearing the waste materials in the urban areas. Northern India is considered to be the densest region of the country in terms of urban population. This has entailed the emission of waste materials from different sources of industrial areas. As a matter of fact, this has been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective waste management system. This report thus looks in to illustrated analysis of municipal waste management system which correlates the economic development management of the city areas as well. The population of the country has touched 1.23 billion that is more than 17.5 % of the world population. Taking the growing rate of such population in to account the waste management system is devised with proper planning. Due to shortage of land in the city areas, the waste management has been facing severe challenges (iitk.ac.in, 2017).
Since many of the Indian cities have been facing and undergoing serious issues pertaining to the management of solid wastes, the need of strategic planning has been taken into serious concern. As detected during the process, it can be taken into certain understanding of the entire case in terms of creating the basic changes in the entire conceptual understanding of the environmental issues (Blackman Jr, 2016).
According to the ministry of Environment and Forest Government of India the waste management system was enacted in 1989 the provision of environmental act provided a conceptual identification of solid Semi solid and mainly solid waste materials and the sources were identified as the industrial sources (Kalyani & Pandey, 2014).
The objective of this paper is to find out the rules in the Northern India especially the surroundings of Delhi pertaining to the characteristics of. Delhi being the national capital and one of the densest cities in the country has been target has the most significant in terms of waste management system. Delhi has been highly significant because of its surroundings. Cities like Agra, Gurgaon, Allahabad, Lucknow, Noida and so on are industrial ones. Because of continuous production and emission of solid waste the cities are filled with intoxicating materials. This is how the dwelling structure of the urban areas is affected (LaGrega, Buckingham & Evans, 2010).
Hazardous waste management system includes the concept of disasters- both natural and human made. Natural disasters can be exemplified as avalanches, cyclones, jobs, earthquakes and so on. On the other hand technological disasters cause environmental disasters, find expressions; on the other hand technological disasters cause environmental disasters, fire and explosion, accidents and Dam failures (Luthra, Mangla & Kharb, 2015). The growing concern on the earth pertaining to the hazards and disasters and pollutions as arranged a matter of serious study for The Scholars. Hazardous waste or HW can be categorized into four forms. These are
Solid wastes
Liquid wastes
Gaseous waste
Sludge waste
According to HPC, HW can be defined as a substance such as physical chemical reactive toxic flammable explosive radioactive and so on is quite dangerous to the health of the environment. The Northern India has been detected as curved polluted land and the water is highly intoxicated due to severe damage to the society. It has been found that more than 960 million tons of solid wastes are generated per annum in India the source of the solid waste is likely to be the industries mines municipality agricultural fields and so on. More than 350 million tons those waste our Organics and more than 290 million tons or inorganic originated from mining and industrial sectors. Advancement in the solid waste management system has found the source from alternative construction materials which are likely to be bricks blocks tiles aggregate cement soil in ceramics and paint. In order to save cut the environment defined methods and efforts are highly required to undertake. For instance, 1995 has been one of the most important years in terms of quick setting the problems in regard to managing waste materials. According to Saxena and Pappu, traditional materials such as a sand soil stone block have been quite safer in comparison to the materials used in today’s construction. As a matter of fact growth of population and Urban Development has no doubt resulted in technological innovations resulting in the generation of 12 million wastes per year (mpcb.gov.in., 2017).
Such huge amount of waste material has been threatening the Indian cities over the years. The North American cities are highly populated as it has already been stated. There are heterogeneous characteristic traits of the waste lead to the complexity and hazard for recycling of those waste, and further utilization of them in industrial sectors. It is quite evident that the characteristics of these wastes are generated from various procedures. This can be having good potentials in terms of recycling and high potential for the development of Industrial Production (Pandey et al., 2016).
According to the Preamble of the Government of India, the hazardous waste management and handling rules of 1989 the ministry of environment and forests has been notified with the fact that the obligation lines up on the government bodies and other Institutions to take care of the sustainable development issues and the growth of economy without hampering the nature. In the year 2003 the Government of India in room 3 as defined hazardous waste. According to the Government of India any material that is physical chemical reactive toxic mami exclusive of Korra season character and which are dangerous for the health of an individual on the environment can be considered to be waste of waste substances. Waste management system in India constitutes of two tier universal approach that is prevention and control of the environmental pollution. Prevention can be applied through the improvement of Technology and equipment in order to eliminate waste and on the other hand promotion of the process of waste management is highly important so that it can generate awareness among the people. However, work the major hindrance in front of waste management system in India has often been identified as the institutional and behavioral cases rather than technical interventions. The hazardous wastes are scarcely categorized on separated from less polluting on non polluting waste. The hazardous waste according to the government rule of 1989 comma is likely to grow up to 4.4 million tons per year that is 38.3% recyclable and raised 4.3 % of that material is incinerable. The remaining 57% of that material is disposable. As a matter of fact, 12 states in the country where found to have been generating such dangerous waste. Out of these 12 States Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal are most significant ones. Uttar Pradesh Gujarat Bihar Rajasthan and other states are highly significant in terms of creating waste management system. To be precise, North Indian states like Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and North East Indian states such as Assam generate less than £20,000 per annum. Because of Huge natural orientation of the states the generation of waste is lesser than any other state in India (Singh et al., 2015). This is how the extreme Northern states and North Eastern states have been enjoying geo- climatic balance and hydrological stability more than the other North Indian states do.
It has been found that more than 960 million tons of solid wastes are generated per annum in India the source of the solid waste is likely to be the industries mines municipality agricultural fields and so on. More than 350 million tons those waste our Organics and more than 290 million tons or inorganic originated from mining and industrial sectors. Advancement in the solid waste management system has found the source from alternative construction materials which are likely to be bricks blocks tiles aggregate cement soil in ceramics and paint. In order to save cut the environment defined methods and efforts are highly required to undertake. For instance, 1995 has been one of the most important years in terms of quick setting the problems in regard to managing waste materials. According to Saxena and Pappu, traditional materials such as a sand soil stone block have been quite safer in comparison to the materials used in today’s construction. As a matter of fact growth of population and Urban Development has no doubt resulted in technological innovations resulting in the generation of 12 million wastes per year (mpcb.gov.in., 2017).
The characteristics and quantity of waste is identified as major factors thus deciding the use of technology for the process of disposal. The major problem in India lies in this fact that most of the households are the sources of urban waste. A huge amount of waste material has been threatening the Indian cities over the years. The North American cities are highly populated as it has already been stated. There are heterogeneous characteristic traits of the waste lead to the complexity and hazard for recycling of those waste, and further utilization of them in industrial sectors. It is quite evident that the characteristics of these wastes are generated from various procedures. This can be having good potentials in terms of recycling and high potential for the development of Industrial Production (Pandey et al., 2016). The future amount of waste, as it has been observed from the disposal of the households can be stated with the collaborative perspective of the population index in the country. If the future population is symbolized by Pf and initial population is considered as P0, the calculation of the future population can be defined comprehended with the following formula:
Pf = P0 (1+ R/100)y
In the aforesaid formula, R represents percentage of growth rate and y represents year. The future quantity of the waste can be calculated with the help of the following formula:
Wq = (Pf) x (Wr)/ 1000
Having observed the decadal rate of population growth in orientation with the increase in the quantity of waste can be stated that the decade 2031 and 2041 can be of more than 11 %.
As a matter of fact, this has to be taken as the plethora of the hegemonic consideration that the hazardous wastes are highly intoxicating to the city dwellers. Some significant problems have been detected while approaching with waste management system in the country. These problems emerge as significant challenges in the understanding of the entire case. As a matter of fact, this has to be taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective change in terms of creating a plethora of services. In most of the case the basic understanding of the case has to be taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective understanding the basic understanding of the entire case.
Conclusion:
Having understood the quantification of the waste management system it can thus be concluded that most of the urban areas in the Northern India are affected by the waste circulation. As a matter of fact, the basic understanding of the issues has been taken into certain understanding with the entire case. Due to huge pressure of population in the country, the major push has been impulse towards the waste management system. Hazardous waste management can be strengthened through effective study and implementation strategic population control therapy. However, the responsibility lies upon both the citizens and the government to be liable to take a proper check on the pace of waste disposal.
References:
(2017) iitk.ac.in. Retrieved 20 August 2017, from https://home.iitk.ac.in/~anubha/H16.pdf
Blackman Jr, W. C. (2016). Basic hazardous waste management. CRC Press.
Kalyani, K. A., & Pandey, K. K. (2014). Waste to energy status in India: A short review. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 31, 113-120.
LaGrega, M. D., Buckingham, P. L., & Evans, J. C. (2010). Hazardous waste management. Waveland Press.
Luthra, S., Mangla, S. K., & Kharb, R. K. (2015). Sustainable assessment in energy planning and management in Indian perspective. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 47, 58-73.
mpcb.gov.in. (2017). mpcb.gov.in. Retrieved 20 August 2017, from https://mpcb.gov.in/images/NationalPolicy.pdf
Muduli, K., Govindan, K., Barve, A., & Geng, Y. (2013). Barriers to green supply chain management in Indian mining industries: a graph theoretic approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 47, 335-344.
Pandey, B. K., Vyas, S., Pandey, M., & Gaur, A. (2016). Municipal solid waste to energy conversion methodology as physical, thermal, and biological methods. Curr. Sci. Perspect, 2, 39-46.
Sharholy, M., Ahmad, K., Mahmood, G., & Trivedi, R. C. (2008). Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities–A review. Waste management, 28(2), 459-467.
Singh, G. P., Gupta, P., Kumari, R., & Verma, S. L. (2014). Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Biomedical Waste Management among Healthcare Personnel in Lucknow, India.
Sthiannopkao, S., & Wong, M. H. (2013). Handling e-waste in developed and developing countries: Initiatives, practices, and consequences. Science of the Total Environment, 463, 1147-1153.
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