Online Social Media And Nurse Informatics System For Person-Centered Care

Person centered care

Discuss about the Online Social Media System And Nurse Informatics System.

The important aspect of the high quality care is Patient-centred care. It can be facilitated by the nurses by using the informatics and online social media system. The assignment identifies the key features of the online social media system and nurse informatics system. The essay evaluates the quality of both the systems in terms of delivering the nursing practice and person centred health care. Both the systems are evaluated to determine the effectiveness of the system in relation to the elements such as efficiency, dissemination of information, potential risks and ethical considerations in regards to the confidentiality, privacy, management of patient, opportunities for innovation and therapeutic relationship with the patients and the colleagues. The analysis will consider the relevant policies at heath service level and the regulatory level.

Right information is essential for the patient to get the right care, at right time and at right place. Thus, the heart of the person centred care is the information technology for giving right information to the patient by the right care provider. Person centred care can be defined as caring for an individual in a manner that adds value and meaning. It includes involving the patient in the   care process and decision-making. Person centred care is the principle of nursing that involves treating each person individually, and developing therapeutic relationship with the care user. This therapeutic relationship is based on understanding the patients and on mutual trust between care providers and users (Entwistle & Watt 2013, p.  30).  

The first principle of the person centred care is to respect the cultural values, preferences and needs of the patient so that can participate in the decision-making. The client will feel that the dignity, respect and autonomy are maintained. The second principle is the coordination and integration of care. Coordination of care can alleviate the feelings of  powerlessness and being vulnerable. This principle indicates the coordination of clinical care, ancillary support, frontline patient care. The third principle is to give right information and education on the illness to promote health promotion. The fourth principle is to enhance the physical comfort, and emotional support to decrease fear and anxiety. The fifth principle is to involve the patient’s family, friends and relatives. The sixth principle is to help the patient in continuing self-care after discharge or transition. It means that the patient should be able to access the social, physical, clinical, and financial support continuously (Eaton Roberts & Turner 2015).

Analysis

The use of the informatics system and the online social media system are discussed in the subsequent sections.  

Health informatics

Informatics deals with the use of technology to acquire and store health care information. Nurses use informatics to provide parent centred care by providing them the mechanism to provide their clinical information to the clinicians. The clinicians to integrate the information to improve patient care can use this data (Snyder et al. 2011).

The nurses to manage the complicated oncology data and workflows use electrical health record system. The foundational module of the EHR is ePAS which stands for “electronic Patient Administration System”. It facilitates for free and open source software According to Hanna (2017, p. 495) this tool is effective to enhance the on time care, patient safety, patient centeredness and efficiency. The advantage of this tool is it assists the nurses in giving update to the multiple members of the care team. In a given time more than one member of the multidisciplinary team can access, share, the information to be used for point care. It will help in quick decision making without any delay in the data retrieval and transfer. This tool bridges the communication gap between the patients and the nurses.  Therefore, it is the enablers it is the enabler of the patient catered care. In addition to the above two potential, there is a need of using appropriate technologies, else it is difficult to harness the potential of informatics.

Informatics allows the nurses to enhance the patient centred care and care quality by the participatory care record for the EHR. This novel approach allows using a dynamic display system. This system does not allow the patient’s vast history to get buried in hundreds of pages. It also displays the important aspects of their lives and the patterns of responses at the point of care.  Thus, this approach moves the medical record from the static history. In the static history, medical records are lost, and moving from here facilitates the personalised care. It is advantageous or the nurses when the patients are not able to speak for themselves (Sewell & Thede 2013). 

Nurses can also promote the patent centred care using the informatics through use of the personal health records (PHR) as well as other health enabling technologies. Patient can document the critical care information using PHR and share it with the nurses and the clinicians. The use of the web providers improved the quality of care as the outpatients can communicate with the nurses for the diagnostic results and access the health records. This model gives the patient a sense of control over their health information and makes them feel empowered. This establishes collaborative relationship between the nurse and the patients, promotes self-care among the patients (Demiris & Kneale 2015, p. 15).    

Health informatics

Several researchers evaluated the efficacy of using informatics in nursing profession to deliver person-centred care. According to assessment report by McGonigle (2014, p. 324), the use of the nursing informatics, is improving and increasing the patient safety. Nursing informatics is leading to evidence based practice as it helps them better access to evidence. Thus, informatics in nursing care significantly inferences the clinical pattern. It decreases the time spend by the nurses on indirect care. The outcomes of the electronic patient reports showed improved identification of treatment symptoms and nursing diagnosis. EHR and PHR improved the psychosocial problems due to data capture and its integration in care. It improved the patient centeredness in the oncology nursing care as well. 

Based on the literature review, the real issues compromising the patient centred care involves the security issues. Patient fear the loss of privacy and confidentiality of the health information shared by them. These issues may create ethico-legal consequnces. Other factors undermining the care quality is the heath literacy, social inequality and feasibility and must be addressed. The biggest challenge for the nurses is to identify the high quality information from the vast array of information and apply for improve patient care. However, the use of technology frequently created a positive attitude in nursing productivity. It gave the nurses the autonomy to make the decision. The quality of care in many cases was not found to improve by use of informatics. This was due to the lack of sufficient knowledge on the information technology, and computer skills.  Nurses should be able to consider the integrity of data, accountability, and accessibility of the health web sites (Snyder et al. 2011, p. 211).

AMIA (2013) recommends educational programs for nurses to be able to take full advantage of the informatics system. The educational program will teach the nurses about interpreting the information flow, scientific inquiry using the innovative and analytic techniques. It is recommended to the nurse to strictly adhere to the “National informatics standards for nurses and midwives” developed by the “Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation” (ANMF). These standards articulate the standard of the information literacy, computer literacy, and information management important for all nurses and midwifes for practice (Eaton et al. 2015).  

The use of the social media in nursing has bought new dimensions. In nursing, this tool helps to develop networked care. This platform helps in quick update of physicians, clinicians, nurses, and medical students. This system involves the use of the digital social networks and platforms by both patients and providers (Hao & Gao 2017, p. 2). The use of Facebook group for specific medical illnesses can help the patens to share their health information and access care. It is advantageous for people living in remote areas to communicate with nurses and discuss the concerns. Nurses can better motivate the patients by building trust to undertake behavioural changes. Further nurses can educate the patients on the various health issues through blogs and WebPages for instance Mayoclinic (Bornkessel, Furberg & Lefebvre, 2014, p. 504).

The advantage of online social media system such as Facebook includes allowing the patients to share their medical information with family members and other patients. In Taiwan the use of facebook page for improving the patient wait times in the emergency room have become viral that it provokes the Minister of Health to join the group and make policy decision in collaboration with Taiwanese Bureau of National Health Insurance. This tool assists the nurses to socialise, and improve personalised cafe for patients (Moorhead et al. 2013). The social media pages allows the nurses to debate on the health issues and promote the primary care health and exchange ideas on treatment options. Facebook pages are advantageous in creating alert for major disease outbreak and share private messages to particular patient. With the increasing demand ad usage of smartphones, using Facebook is the one click task. Thus the speed of heath information delivery is enhanced creating awareness at rapid rate (Shepherd et al. 2015, p. 29).

Grajales (2014, p. 20) assessed the ability of the social media to promote person centred by receiving feedback from the patients. The social media support improvement in care quality and person centred care as per the data collected from the unstructured interview. There is an increasing evidence showing the improvement in the health outcomes of patients as social media facilitates active involvement. Nurses can better empathise with patients as social networking improves the 2-way communication and trust between patients and the nurses. In the cardiology department, social media have been proved to be an innovative tool. However, there is no strong evidence on the use of the social media by the nursing professionals in the safe and ethical manner. There are many unanswered questions in regards to the quality of the information, privacy and confidentiality. Further use of Facebook involves the drawback of creating fictitious profile that can lead to skewing of data. The use of third party applications interferes with the other facebook friends. It may lead to leakage of essential medical information (Casella, Mills & Usher, 2014, pp. 122).

Cashin (2014, p. 550) criticised the nurses for lacking the understanding of synergy between the evidence based practice and social media. The online social media system also  promotes self-aggregated negative-behaviour. For instance, some of the face groups on breast cancer are made only for breast cancer awareness and fundraising but it does not serve as a model for patient-to-patient support. There is a risk of crossing professional boundaries by the nurses when using Facebook or any other social networking sites. It includes friendly intimacy or sharing of business ideas for monetary benefits and others. Unless the patients expose the content of the conversation with the nurse, the private conversation can be evaluated. Thus, the nurses must adhere to the social media policy by the “Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia” (NMBA). This policy emphasise on complying with professional obligations, presenting unbiased evidenced based context of information, and retaining from posting pictures of clients, case studies, and diagnoses to maintain confidentiality and privacy (Nursing & Federation 2015).   

Conclusion

Conclusively, the basis of all the management activities is information. In the industry of nursing cafe, the patient care is the ultimate product. It provides the nurses with better access to evidence and leading to person centred care. The major benefits of nursing informatics and the social media system include easy access of records, on time care, improvement in quality quick update to the stakeholders on the patient’s health status and audited access to each patient’s record. However, the care quality is compromised for confidentiality, privacy issues of data and low health literacy of patients. Nurses too lack skills and competency to use information technology, which is the major limitation and training and education, is suggested. Both are powerful tool for the nurses to maintain person centred care. The nurses must follow the relevant policies of NMBA and ANMF pertaining to social media and informatics.

References

AMIA, 2013, ‘Patient-centered care, collaboration, communication and coordination’, Retrieved from: https://www.amia.org/sites/amia.org/files/2013-AMIA-Policy-Meeting-Briefing-Document.pdf.

Bornkessel, A, Furberg, R & Lefebvre, RC, 2014. ‘Social media: opportunities for quality improvement and lessons for providers—a networked model for patient-centered care through digital engagement’, Current cardiology reports, vol. 16, no. 7, pp.504.

Casella, E, Mills, J, & Usher, K, 2014, ‘Social media and nursing practice: changing the balance between the social and technical aspects of work’, Collegian, vol. 21, no. 2, pp.121-126.

Cashin, A, 2014, ‘Collaborative arrangements for Australian nurse practitioners: a policy analysis’. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, vol. 26, no. 10, pp.550-554.

Demiris, G & Kneale, L, 2015, ‘Informatics systems and tools to facilitate patient-centered care coordination’, Yearbook of medical informatics, vol.10, no.1, pp. 15.

Eaton, S, Roberts, S & Turner, B, 2015, ‘Delivering person centred care in long term conditions’, Bmj, 350, p.h. 181.

Entwistle, VA & Watt, IS, 2013, ‘Treating patients as persons: a capabilities approach to support delivery of person-centered care’, The American Journal of Bioethics, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 29-39.

Grajales III, FJ, Sheps, S, Ho, K, Novak-Lauscher, H & Eysenbach, G, 2014. ‘Social media: a review and tutorial of applications in medicine and health care’. Journal of medical Internet research, vol. 16, no. 2.

Hanna, MG, & Pantanowitz, L, 2017, ‘The role of informatics in patient?centered care and personalized medicine’. Cancer Cytopathology, vol. 125, no. 6, pp. 494-501.

Hao, J, & Gao, B, 2017, ‘Advantages and Disadvantages for Nurses of Using Social Media’,  pp. 2.

Masters, K, 2015, ‘Role development in professional nursing practice’, Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

McGonigle, D, Hunter, K, Sipes, C, & Hebda, T, 2014, ‘Why nurses need to understand nursing informatics’, Association of Operating Room Nurses. AORN Journal, vol.100, no.3, pp. 324.

Moorhead, SA., Hazlett, DE, Harrison, L, Carroll, J.K., Irwin, A & Hoving, C, 2013, ‘A new dimension of health care: systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication’ Journal of medical Internet research, vol.15, no. 4.

Nursing, A, & Federation, M, 2015, ‘National informatics standards for nurses and midwives’, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Federal Office.

Sewell, JP, & Thede, LQ, 2013, ‘Informatics and nursing’, Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Shepherd, A, Sanders, C, Doyle, M. & Shaw, J, 2015, ‘Using social media for support and feedback by mental health service users: thematic analysis of a twitter conversation’, BMC psychiatry, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 29.

Snyder, C.F, Wu, A.W, Miller, RS, Jensen, RE, Bantug, ET, & Wolff, AC, 2011, ‘The role of informatics in promoting patient-centered care’. Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.), vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 211.