Discuss about the Application of Technical Engineering Skills in Civil Engineering.
Construction engineering is a technical job which requires an individual to maintain and apply certain technical engineering skills to enable them to provide top quality performance during construction. Every particular employee is expected in an organization to provide quality work which would improve the image and performance of the organization. This paper focuses on several aspects such as the roles and responsibilities of civil engineer such as management of construction of construction sites. It also explain other elements such as the effective communication with various stakeholders, causes and effects of non-conformance, issues which require specialist expert, principles of safety engineering, the properties, performance, safe working limits and failure modes and the state and developments in the engineering industry. The above issues have been discussed as below.
My area of expertise is civil engineering. The civil engineering area constitutes a wide range of jobs. The jobs roles ranges from construction of dams, bridges and tunnels to highways. However, civil engineers have numerous roles and responsibilities. There are two key elements in the field of civil engineering that is contracting and consulting engineering. The contracting engineers play a significant role in the management of the physical construction site and transformation of a proposed development into architecture. The consulting engineers on the other hand are tasked with the designing of specific projects. Further civil engineering includes other key areas of specialisation and they are all vital for a successful completion of a particular project. As a civil engineer, the roles and responsibilities may include;
The first responsibility is to evaluate a site location including the area surrounding the site. Such an assessment involves investigation and search and later check to find out whether the site is feasible for construction purposes. Another key role of the civil engineers is to design vital variables, plan and even design certain key needs that has to be changed before the construction commences. Civil engineers also play a key role in the execution of all the engineering projects (Zaharim et al.2010).The other role and responsibility of civil engineer involves monitoring all the staff members at a construction site including the causal laborers. In the construction sites, the civil engineers should keep an open dialogue with all the subcontractors and consultants such that if an issue arises, they have a responsibility to resolve. Lastly, civil engineers have a responsibility to keep all client’s requirements in mind and design a detailed layout of particular project.
Communication to the various stakeholders is important to help in planning out, analysis and solution of broadly defined engineering and related problems, ensuring to schedule and prioritise engineering and related activities. The key stakeholders during the execution of a particular project include the general community, regulators, own team members, internal and external customers, support services and departments that is logistics, accounts and maintenance and other key employees such as technicians, operators, tradespersons and professional engineers(Sampaio et al.2010). While working in the organization in a bid to communicate effectively with the stakeholders, I applied the OHS requirements such as;
The other key aspect which I used in the event of communicating to the stakeholders was legislation, standards and codes of practice in engineering. Legislation, standards and codes are all the international standards and codes which are applicable in a specific engineering field. Some of the legislation, standards and codes include;
Non-conformance is an event in a particular process, product, design and operation which is usually outside the planned specifications. Some of the causes of non-conformances may include, software errors, faults of design, overruns of cost, warranty claims and product returns, breakdowns and faults of equipments (Sampaio et al.2010).The effects of non-conformance include, delays in performance of various tasks which would eventually lead to loss of revenue. The organization usually uses the root cause analysis to determine the causes and effects of non-conformance. Such a tool helps in determining the cause of the possible problem in the organization including the solution to the problems. The problem solving tasks utilised involves first an evaluation of the situation to identify the non-conformance. After that, the correction action is determined to find if it is adequate enough to meet the effects of non-conformance. Upon selection of the correction action, an investigation is done to provide a solution to the problem, including the causes and effects of non-conformance. The causes are however determined using the root cause analysis.Lastly,review and monitor the effectiveness of action plan taken up in the event of dealing with the problem at hand, that is to correct the non-conformity.
Identify issues which require specialist assistance, or which have implications beyond your personal expertise. Document these issues, and any assistance sought
There are a variety of key issues in civil engineering which may require help from certain specialists and hence do have a range of implications which are far beyond my expertise. Such matters may include, the performance of complex computer-aided designs and maps, verification of information in regards to drawings and maps, preparation of preliminary and final construction budgets for construction projects. Other issues include checking for accuracy of computations and works performed by other engineering workers within the department and preparation of filed notes, progress estimates, built drawings, records, and diaries among others.
Apply, adapt and manage your engineering knowledge and practice in a variety of contexts and applications, as relevant to your specialist area of expertise, including:
In the construction sites, it is essential to check for personal and employees safety hence the need to consider the fundamental principles of the safety of engineering. Such principles are applied in the following ways that is the first one has to define hazard by identifying the various types of hazards.
The second step constitutes use of the standard of care that involves the application of professional skills while at the construction site to ensure the safety of everyone at the location. The other principle is the safe design hierarchy which is to be used to physically control hazards to eliminate the exposure to such risks (Sampaio et al.2010). The safety design hierarchy are elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment.
Show familiarity with the current state of development and recent applications
There are various skills in line with the civil engineering and these modern developments as well as applications include TRIZ design, IOT, MCDM and SAICE methods. As a civil engineer I will apply this techniques in the building, construction and in the overall design works. This is because the modern applications will help me in limiting all the errors associated with design and civil works.
Demonstrate a knowledge of the relevant key scientific and engineering principles
As a civil engineer, there are relevant critical scientific and engineering principles that an individual must comply within the course of execution of a particular project. Such principles include testability, maintainability, external integration, integrity, effective management, and ethics.
Determine the properties, performance, safe working limits, failure modes, and/or other inherent parameters of relevant materials, components and systems
The properties of the materials and systems to be used during the execution of particular project are timber, concrete, and slabs, foundations. In the civil infrastructure, during the performances, an individual should take into account the balanced performance which will provide quality outcomes. Also, the total cost to be incurred during the performance should be evaluated hence has to be taken into consideration while undertaking a particular project. Apart from the above aspects, the visual inspection based structure should be taken into during the performance. For the safe working limits, the planning and design stages must be monitored to ensure safety and protection from the environmental risks which may be harmful to the employees. Another safe limit is the consideration for the working heights. The other working safe limits include background information and documentation, training of workers, medical check-ups and risk assessment techniques. The failure modes in materials engineering include fracture fatigue which is a common failure mode, excessive deformation, buckling and general yielding (Zaharim et al.2010).
Communicating with and providing detailed technical advice to others, including listening to, and critically and fairly comprehending, the viewpoints of others, and communicating formally and informally with technically competent and non-technically competent individuals and groups
Document all steps completed to apply, adapt and manage your engineering knowledge and practice.
.In a view to communicate and provide detailed technical advice to others, I talk to both the technically competent and non-technically competent individuals through the use of graphs, tables, and charts. At times I would use physical demonstrations to provide a full description of various elements which are difficult to comprehend.
Report the results of analysis and propose solutions that are appropriate to the needs of the organisation ensuring that these solutions include clear arguments and justification for recommendation, and including any textual, diagrammatic, pictorial and graphical media appropriate to the context,
From experience working in the organization, it is found out that the organization is not applying most of the legislation, standards, and codes during the provision of construction services to most of the clients. Some of the legislation, standards, and codes are equality and anti-discrimination, OHS legislation and regulations and industrial laws. The organization should, therefore, apply all the relevant legislation, standards and codes for effective performances by their employees (Sampaio et al.2010). The other result is on non-application of the principles of safety engineering in most of the construction works carried out by their employees, and this has led to numerous injuries in the construction sites. It is therefore prudent for the organization to make use of the principles of safety to ensure the safety of the clients and workers.
Monitor your own work and developments in own discipline throughout the task to identify any need for professional development and further education and training, or improvements to the technical framework of the organisation. Document and report all PD, education and training required, and suggestions for improvements, ensuring that these are supported with clear arguments and justification.
Based on my work and development in civil engineering, there is the need for further education, training, and professional development to enhance the performance of the organization. The professional development, education, and training will involve;
Seminars; The seminars should be conducted on a monthly basis to equip every civil engineer with new and relevant knowledge.
Regular courses; All the graduate civil engineers should be provided with regular courses on specific topics in regards to the needs and demand in the field. Such courses are to be conducted for 50-60 hours.
Registration of training providers; The critical providers of the engineering training should be registered to ensure that their training is relevant to the civil engineers (Zaharim et al.2010).
Professional development accreditation scheme for engineering employers; Such a scheme should be developed such that acknowledges and stimulate the best performance in the organization especially in the field of civil engineering.
Professional development events; Lectures and activities which are technical should be organized to enable the civil engineers to gain knowledge which will help them to solve certain key problems which may arise in the event of performance of different tasks.
References
Sampaio, A. Z., Ferreira, M. M., Rosário, D. P., & Martins, O. P. (2010). 3D and VR models in Civil Engineering education: Construction, rehabilitation and maintenance. Automation in Construction, 19(7), 819-828.
Zaharim, A., Yusoff, Y. M., Mohamed, A., Omar, M. Z., Muhamad, N., & Mustapha, R. (2010, April). Practical framework of employability skills for engineering graduate in Malaysia. In Education Engineering (EDUCON), 2010 IEEE(pp. 921-927). IEEE.
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