Discuss about the Safety and Productivity in Construction.
The process of construction is an activity that is highly complex with all uncertainties like economical, physical and financial risks (Newton, Skitmore and Love 2014). There are also complexities that include documentation and variations complexities. Researchers of the past stated that while a construction is going on, the risk that comes in the constructing process can lead to any delaying factor that arises between the parties that are involved in the construction. About 50 percent of the construction projects are delayed from 500 million projects that are held in Australia (Al-Werikat 2017). The main requirements that lead to delaying of processes in the construction projects are mainly based on justice and the methods are impartial and fair. Australia has some common law regarding the construction process. For the litigation process, the law is based on adversary system that consists of a number of statements regarding arguments and facts that are taken forward by groups or parties that faces challenge from the opponent parties or groups (Regan 2014). The other delaying mitigating processes involves ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) which is a non-binding method which acts as a contract between the parties that are involved in the construction. Dispute Review Board mostly known as DB or DRB is a method known as Dispute Avoidance Procedure to mitigate different delays that arises in the construction process (Wang et al. 2014). There are also other techniques that are involved in mitigating the factors that delays the construction process of buildings. This process is known as the voluntary negotiations between all the parties that are involved in the process. The third party that is involved in the construction process assists negotiations that involve adjudication, conciliation and meditation (Boateng, Chen and Ogunlana 2015). There are also adversarial approaches which are litigation and arbitration. The construction industry of Melbourne is mainly based on the relationship with compare to all other industries. So the solutions that leads to ADR methods which involves flexibility to mitigate the technical issues and also preserve the relationships to minimize the adverse publicity (Hyari, El-Mashaleh and Rababeh 2015). The attention is directed to dispute resolutions when the contract is prepared and negotiation is done to avoid the cost of construction.
The problem that lies in the construction of the Melbourne construction is mitigating the delaying factor that arises in the construction process. There are many problems that lie behind the delay construction of the housing projects in Melbourne. The strategies that help to mitigate the problem that lies in housing construction of the projects in Melbourne.
The aim of this research is to find out the importance of all the factors that effects in selecting the delaying methods in the city of Melbourne when they are compared with the (DRB) Dispute Review Board and also the current delay resolution process efficiency in Melbourne.
The issue that lies in this research is that the factors that involves in the construction process in Melbourne. The issues that arise in construction process are mainly with the increasing cost of the project. The cost of the project is rising tremendously in Australia which is the main issue of the constructing sites (Adeleke¹, Bahaudin and Kamaruddeen 2015). The rising of construction increases mainly because of the rise in cost of metals that are needed in building process, Australian dollar value increase and also the rising in the interest rates of the loan. The second issue that arises in construction rates is about the quality control. The quality of construction is decreasing day by day because there is no rules and regulations which are established by the government of Australia to maintain the best standard of quality (Sidawi and Al-Sudairi 2014). The issue also involves the construction sector by making the construction in the hand of corrupt people. The corrupt people are delaying the construction projects to be completed successfully. Giving a safety to all the laborers on the site is also a big issue problem in Australia. The contractor does not ensure the safety of all the laborers.
These create a main issue in the construction process in Melbourne because these delaying factors do not allow the project completion successfully. The safety of the laborers is the main concern of all the workers in a workplace. But if that is not maintained properly then the issue becomes big in the construction process in Melbourne.
This research paper sheds light on the methods that are used to mitigate the delaying factors that lie in the construction process in Melbourne. The main factors that deals with the delay of construction and to analyze the main issues that arise in the delaying the constructions of Melbourne. This paper also elaborates the impacts that lies in the construction projects and also sheds light on the factors that mitigate the delaying factors in the construction projects in Melbourne.
The conflicts that lie in the process of constructing a building in Melbourne mainly come from the difference in thinking and different ideas and interests between the parties that are involved in the construction process. The conflicts may come from the dissatisfaction of materials, disagreement of the contract, hostility and many more (Hwang and Ng 2013). Dispute mainly comes after the conflicts that arise in the construction process. Disputes happen when the situation comes if one party rejects the assertion or claim that is made by the other party and the rejection process is not accepted by the other party. The rise in dispute increases the delay process of construction projects. The construction claims comes in the money form and also claims time by contractor against project owner for time extension and also additional payment that arise in the contract after starting the project.
The issues that are faced by the construction industry in Melbourne are as follows:
Time overrun means that the contractor cannot finish the manufacturing of building in Melbourne in time or within the contract period. The clients set the deadline for the construction of the project, if does not get finished in time, it can be the effect of construction delay that is time overrun (Hay et al. 2017). The time overrun can be classified into two groups- excusable delays and non-excusable delays. If one phase of the project gets delayed then the entire project will get a delay. The factors may vary if the delays caused due to external or any weather calamities then it can be considered, but if it is the fault of the contractors then they have been ready to pay the price for this.
Cost overrun occurs at the time of manufacturing of building houses in Melbourne. The cost overrun effect generally occurs due to the faults of the contractors. The contractors make wrong budget estimation and thus at the end the cost expenses can increase to a great extent (Kadry, Osman and Georgy 2016). Also due to time overrun, the expenses increases, due to the faulty manufacture the expenses also increase, the contractors must take the entire responsibility for the cost overrun. The contractor must take the responsibility for the cost overrun
The housing project in Melbourne can suffer from the cause of the dispute (Boateng, Chen and Ogunlana 2015). The misunderstandings occur in between the clients and the contractors; also a difference in opinion can because of the failure of the project. The difference of opinion occurs among the clients, contractors and the relevant parties. The mediator must come in between and must solve the issues; if the mediator fails they must appear to the arbitrator (Gurmu, Aibinu and Chan 2016). If both the parties accept the decision, one of the parties who has made the fault should pay for all the consequences.
The arbitration is responsible to take the necessary decision to mitigate the misunderstanding and the difference in opinion, if the mediator fails to solve the problems and fights in between then arbitrator must come forward to solve the problem, must make initiatives for the steady flow of the project (Hyari et al. 2015). Again if the arbitrator fails, then the litigator must come forward and then he must try to solve the issues and the problems.
If the parties are not satisfied with the arbitrator decision, they must appeal to the court for justice (Bayram 2017). The parties must attend the trial by jury or maybe by court and issues are represented for judging again and again, if the parties are not satisfied with the outcome they have to find new proof or new evidence to prove their justice. If one party accepts the faults then they have to pay the penalty (Arashpour and Arashpour 2015).
Total abandonment means sudden halt in the project, the manufacturing of houses in Melbourne may stop suddenly and this may occur due to various factors, the potential reasons are the financial issues and the other kinds of issues may arise due to the contractor run away, poor sales strategies and poor marketing (Shen et al. 2017). This project total abandonment may cause harm to all the parties associated with the project like the contractors, consultant, and suppliers (Kadry, Osman and Georgy 2016). The clients can suffer due to project abandonment.
The owner must come back, should solve the issues and make strategies so that the construction issues do not get repeated in future (Gurmu, Aibinu and Chan 2016). The contractors must be knowledgeable about the construction of hoses in Melbourne.
The owners should remain attentive to the following aspects of the following factors-
The contractors should consider the following factors
The administrative staff and the administrative members must be assigned to monitor the working of the entire project, they must notice whether the projects’ partial tasks or the subtasks are being accomplished in a proper manner or not, the project is being completed in due time or not (Gurmu, Aibinu and Chan 2016). The management staff should look at whether the project is going according to the budget or not. The quality of the project must be measured from time to time (Choudhry 2017).
The architect or the design engineers must be responsible for focusing on the following points
A project manager should be appointed and must be given the responsibility to manage the project team members. He should be focused on solving the critical problems residing within the system. A well-maintained project management can help to manage the costing required for the project (Hyari, El-Mashaleh and Rababeh 2015). The skilled consultants and the contractors must be employees to cater the best outcome for the project, the skilled employees have the capability to solve the problem immediately.
The contractor should carry out his duty in most efficient way, they must notice that the project is being completed within the stipulated time and the deadline should not be missed, the contractor should appoint extra worker to finish the task within the deadline (Kadry, Osman and Georgy 2016).
The owner must have the monetary support to carry out the operations, if he lacks that, he must seek support by taking bank loan (Bayram 2017).
The workers must have the sound knowledge about all the manufacturing procedures and must focus on enhancing their skills. The contractors and the management team must enhance knowledge and skills as that can help in accomplishing the project in quick times and the inefficient way (Hyari et al. 2015). Thus it can increase the productivity that can benefit every party associated with the project. Thus keeping in mind responsive training delivery system must be developed so that they can serve well.
To mitigate the delay in construction in Melbourne the contractors, as well as the management team, must adopt the information technology system. The information technology system can be helpful to control and manage the tasks well; the records can help to know the quality and quantity flow of the products and based on that the management team, as well as the contractors, can manage the workflow in an agile and effective manner (Hay et al. 2017). Therefore, many flaws and errors can be mitigated.
They also should adopt some IoT devices for manufacturing building in Melbourne, The IoT devices connected with wireless internet connection are basically automation machines that ease the manufacturing procedures and that can take off the huge loads of pressure from the employees (Kadry, Osman and Georgy 2016). All these innovations can help to mitigate the risks occurring within and can enhance the manufacturing process.
The study focuses on the issues that are restricting the manufacturing of buildings in Melbourne. That is why the project gets delayed. A literature review has been made based on which the risks related to construction buildings in Melbourne has been highlighted. There are multiple causes for project delay and each of the causes has been elaborated in details. The impact or the effect of the delay in constructing in buildings has been elaborated as well. At last, the delay in mitigating this delay in construction has been explained in the study.
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